Abstract
Novelty preference in visual scanning behaviour is used to test implicit memory in patients with Alzheimer’s disease (AD). During the test, subjects are presented with slides that include both novel images and images that were seen before (repeated images). Slides are presented sequentially and the number of slides between the first and second presentations of repeated images is varied to mask the purpose of the test. The normalised average glance duration (N-AGD) on repeated images (the bias towards novelty) was used to measure novelty preference. Data from 10 young controls showed that the bias towards novelty is reduced as the number of slides between the first and second presentations of repeated images is increased. A group of 17 patients with AD showed no significant bias towards novelty while a group of 21 age matched controls do exhibit such bias (t(20) = 6.16, p < 0.001). The data suggest that patients with AD have no preference to novel images and support the idea that AD affects implicit memory. The receiver operator characteristics of the bias towards novelty showed that patients with AD and age-matched controls can be differentiated with both high sensitivity and high specificity.
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Abstract
References
- H. L. Roediger, “Implicit memory. Retention without remembering,” Am Psychol, vol. 45, pp. 1043–56, Sep. 1990.
- E. Tulving and D. L. Schacter, “Priming and human memory systems,” Science, vol. 247, pp. 301–306, Jan. 1990.
- D. E. Meyer and R. W. Schvaneveldt, “Facilitation in recognizing pairs of words: evidence of a dependence between retrieval operations,” J. Exp. Psychol., vol. 90, p. 227, 1971.
- E. K. Warrington and L. Weiskrantz, “Amnesic syndrome: Consolidation or retrieval?,” Nature, 1970.
- R. L. Fantz, “Visual experience in infants: decreased attention to familiar patterns relative to novel ones,” Science, vol. 146, pp. 668–70, Oct. 1964.
- R. D. McKee and L. R. Squire, “On the development of declarative memory,” J Exp Psychol Learn Mem Cogn, vol. 19, pp. 397–404, Mar. 1993.
- K. A. Snyder, M. P. Blank, and C. J. Marsolek, “What form of memory underlies novelty preferences?,” Psychon Bull Rev, vol. 15, pp. 315–21, Apr. 2008.
- D. A. Fleischman and J. D. Gabrieli, “Repetition priming in normal aging and Alzheimer’s disease: a review of findings and theories,” Psychol. Aging, vol. 13, p. 88, 1998.
- A. R. Halpern and M. G. O’Connor, “Implicit memory for music in Alzheimer’s disease,” Neuropsychology, vol. 14, pp. 391–7, Jul. 2000.
- E. D. Guestrin and E. Eizenman, “General theory of remote gaze estimation using the pupil center and corneal reflections,” Biomed. Eng. IEEE Trans. On, vol. 53, pp. 1124–1133, 2006.
- P. Lang, M. Bradley, and N. M. Buthbert, “International affective picture system (IAPS): Affective ratings of pictures and instruction manual,” 2008.
- M. Eizenman, L. H. Yu, L. Grupp, E. Eizenman, M. Ellenbogen, M. Gemar, and R. D. Levitan, “A naturalistic visual scanning approach to assess selective attention in major depressive disorder,” Psychiatry Res., vol. 118, pp. 117–128, 30 2003.
Details
| Primary Language | English |
|---|---|
| Journal Section | Research Article |
| Authors | |
| Publication Date | October 19, 2014 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2014 Volume: 2 Issue: 4 |
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