Wildlife Hazard Management – An Intuitive Web-Based Risk Matrix for Airport Stakeholders

Year 2024, Volume: 05 Issue: 02, 122 - 141, 28.12.2024

Chien-tsung Lu , Ming Cheng , Haoruo Fu , Mengyi Wei

Abstract

This study employs Tableau and R to create a web-based system for early wildlife hazard alerts at airports. The result shows specific time, season, altitude, size, and frequency related to wildlife reports in the United Stated. A user-friendly risk assessment tool, utilizing the Shiny platform, offers airport stakeholders color-coded risk levels by analyzing wildlife hazard report frequencies and sizes. The proposed tool is exemplified by its application at two commercial airports, and algorithm is shared to readers for implementation across various airport settings. This paper enhances understanding of wildlife hazard reports, empowering airport stakeholders to make proper decisions for proactive wildlife control, ultimately improving airport safety and sustainability.

Keywords

airport safety, wildlife hazard, bird strike, risk management, Shiny

Ethical Statement

The authors are conscientiously aligned with established ethical codes and policies. This research paper is an authentic contribution with no preceding publications. The Ithenticate similarity check reveals a mere 13%, underscoring the originality and uniqueness of the content.

Supporting Institution

Purdue University & Civil Aviation University of China

Thanks

Thank you very much!

References

• 14 CFR 139.337 Wildlife hazard management, n.d.. https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-14/chapter-I/subchapter-G/part-139/subpart-D/section-139.337
• Aircraft Accident Investigation Bureau of India (AAIB), 2014. Final investigation report on accident to SpiceJet Boeing B737-800 aircraft VT-SGK at Surat on 06.11.2014. Retrieved from https://www.skybrary.aero/sites/default/files/bookshelf/4127.pdf
• Blackwell, B. F., DeVault, T. L., Fernández-Juricic, E., & Dolbeer, R. A. , 2009. Wildlife collisions with aircraft: A missing component of land-use planning for airports. Landscape and Urban Planning, 93(1), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landurbplan.2009.07.005
• Colón, A. M. & Long, M. R., 2023. When can local bird detection radars best complement broad- scale early-warning forecasts of risk potential for bird–aircraft strikes as part of an integrated approach to strike mitigation? Ecology, 8. doi: 10.1111/ecog.06772
• DeVault, T. L., Blackwell, B. F., Seamans, T. W., & Belant, J. L., 2016. Identification of Off Airport Interspecific Avian Hazards to Aircraft. The Journal of Wildlife Management 80(4):746–752. DOI: 10.1002/jwmg.1041
• Dolbeer, R. A., 2013. The history of wildlife strikes and management at airports. U.S. Department of Agriculture: Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service. Retrieved from: https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=2473&context=icwdm_usdanwrc
• Dziak, D. et. al., 2022. Airport Wildlife Hazard Management System - A Sensor Fusion Approach. Elektronika ir Elektrotechnika, 28(3), 45–53.
• Edwards, E., November 1972. Man and Machine - Systems for Safety. Outlook on Safety: Proceedings of the 13th Annual Technical Symposium. London: British Air Line Pilots Association, 21–36.
• FAA. (2007). AC 150/5200-37 Introduction to safety management systems for airport operators. Retrieved from https://www.faa.gov/documentlibrary/media/advisory_circular/150-5200-37/150_5200_37.pdf (Accessed November 5, 2023)
• FAA., August 2010. Order 5200.11 FAA airport (ARP) safety management. Retrieved from https://www.faa.gov/documentlibrary/media/order/order_5200_11_arp_sms.pdf (Accessed: October 28, 2023)
• FAA., 2013. AC 150/5200-32B Reporting wildlife aircraft strikes. https://www.faa.gov/documentLibrary/media/Advisory_Circular/AC_150_5200-32B.pdf (Accessed: November 4, 2023)
• FAA., 2017. Order 8040.4B. Safety risk management policy. Retrieved from https://www.faa.gov/documentLibrary/media/Order/FAA_Order_8040.4B.pdf (Accessed: November 4, 2023)
• FAA., 2020. AC 150/5200-33C Hazardous wildlife attractants on or near airports. Retrieved from https://www.faa.gov/documentLibrary/media/Advisory_Circular/150-5200-33C.pdf (Accessed: November 19, 2023)
• FAA., February 2021. Wildlife strikes to civil aviation – 1990 ~ 2019. Retrieved from file:///Users/chien-tsunglu/Downloads/Wildlife-Strike-Report-1990-2019.pdf (Accessed: November 13, 2023)
• Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), n.d.. Report a strike. https://wildlife.faa.gov/add
• Fu, H, Lu, c-t., & Ji, Z., September 2023. Risk Assessment Matrix of Operational Safety (RAMOS): Aviation Safety with a MATLAB® Design Toolkit, Journal of Aviation/Aerospace Education & Research. 32(2). DOI: https://doi.org/10.58940/2329-258X.1982
• Heinrich, H. W., 1959. Industrial Accident Prevention: A Scientific Approach (4th ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill.
• Kunkle, F., October 28, 2021. Plane Hits Deer. and so begins the annual rut, when lovesick animals collide with vehicles. The Washington Post. Retrieved December 8, 2022, from https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/tripping/wp/2016/10/25/plane-hits-deer-and-so- begins-the-annual-rut-when-lovesick-animals-collide-with-vehicles/
• Lu, C-t., Schreckengast, S., & Jia, J., 2011. Safety risk management, assurance, and promotion: hazard control system for budget-constrained airports. Journal of Aviation Technology and Engineering, 1(1), 1-15. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5703/1288284314630
• Mendonca, F. A. C., & Wallace, R., 2021. Utilizing UAS to support wildlife hazard management efforts by airport operators. Collegiate Aviation Review International, 39(2),238-248. Retrieved fromhttp://ojs.library.okstate.edu/osu/index.php/CARI/article/view/8385/7686
• Misra, S., Toppo, I., & Mendonca, F., 2022. Assessment of aircraft damage due to bird strikes: a machine learning approach. International Journal of Sustainable Aviation, 8(2), 136-151. Retrieved from https://www.inderscienceonline.com/doi/abs/10.1504/IJSA.2022.122328
• National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB)., October 2010. NTSB/AAR-10/03 Loss of Thrust in Both Engines After Encountering a Flock of Birds and Subsequent Ditching on the Hudson River. Retrieved from https://www.ntsb.gov/investigations/AccidentReports/Reports/AAR1003.pdf
• Reason, J., 1990. Human Error. London, U.K.: Cambridge University Press.
• Transportation Research Board (TRB)., 2012. Lesson learned from airport safety management systems pilot studies. Retrieved from https://nap.nationalacademies.org/download/22740
• TRB., 2015. ACRP Report 145 - Applying an SMS approach to wildlife hazard management. Retrieved from file:///Users/chien-tsunglu/Downloads/22091.pdf
• U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA)., 2017, February. Wildlife Damage Management Technical Series. USDA APHIS | Wildlife Damage Management Technical Series. https://www.aphis.usda.gov/aphis/ourfocus/wildlifedamage/sa_reports/ct_wildlife+damage+management+technical+series
• Wiegmann, D. A. & Shappell, S. A., 2017. A Human Error Approach to Aviation Accident Analysis: The Human Factors Analysis and Classification System. London: Taylor and Francis.
• Wildlife Strikes - Risk Analysis., (2024). Shinyapps. Available at: https://hfu2014.shinyapps.io/ca_analysis/ (Accessed: 2024).