The Effect of Heat Treatment on the Mechanical Properties of Continuously Fibre-Reinforced Standardised Specimens

Balázs Molnár; Róbert Magai

doi:10.30939/ijastech..1752437

The Effect of Heat Treatment on the Mechanical Properties of Continuously Fibre-Reinforced Standardised Specimens

Abstract

This study investigates the influence of post-printing heat treatments on the mechanical characteristics of 3D-printed specimens strengthened with continuous Kevlar filaments. After their fabrication, the specimens underwent thermal annealing at temperatures of 100 °C and 150 °C for either 1 or 3 hours. To assess the effects of these treatments on mechanical performance, tensile tests and microscopic analyses were performed. The findings indicated that the most significant enhancement was observed in specimens annealed at 150 °C for 1 hour, which resulted in an approximately 20% increase in tensile strength compared to untreated samples. Heat treatments at 100 °C for 1 hour and 3 hours led to moderate improvements of 5–8%, whereas extended treatment at 150 °C for 3 hours resulted in a reduction of about 10% in tensile strength. Microscopy revealed that brief, high-temperature treatment enhanced interlayer bonding and decreased internal stress without harming the structure, while prolonged thermal exposure led to local delamination and compromised fibre–matrix adhesion. These results suggest that controlled post-printing heat treatment can enhance the mechanical properties of continuous fibre-reinforced composites, though excessive heat exposure can lead to degradation. Therefore, careful optimisation of temperature and duration is crucial. The outcomes offer valuable insights for improving the structural performance of additively manufactured continuous fibre-reinforced components.

Keywords

References

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Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

Automotive Engineering (Other)

Journal Section

Research Article

Authors

Balázs Molnár ^*
0009-0004-8581-1108
Hungary

Róbert Magai
0009-0001-7271-3654
Hungary

Early Pub Date

October 31, 2025

Publication Date

December 17, 2025

Submission Date

July 28, 2025

Acceptance Date

October 7, 2025

Published in Issue

Year 2025 Volume: 9 Number: 1st Future of Vehicles Conf.

DOI

https://doi.org/10.30939/ijastech..1752437

IZ

https://izlik.org/JA24RA68ZJ

Cite

RIS / Bibtex

APA

Molnár, B., & Magai, R. (2025). The Effect of Heat Treatment on the Mechanical Properties of Continuously Fibre-Reinforced Standardised Specimens. International Journal of Automotive Science And Technology, 9(1st Future of Vehicles Conf.), 22-27. https://doi.org/10.30939/ijastech..1752437

AMA

1.Molnár B, Magai R. The Effect of Heat Treatment on the Mechanical Properties of Continuously Fibre-Reinforced Standardised Specimens. IJASTECH. 2025;9(1st Future of Vehicles Conf.):22-27. doi:10.30939/ijastech.1752437

Chicago

Molnár, Balázs, and Róbert Magai. 2025. “The Effect of Heat Treatment on the Mechanical Properties of Continuously Fibre-Reinforced Standardised Specimens”. International Journal of Automotive Science And Technology 9 (1st Future of Vehicles Conf.): 22-27. https://doi.org/10.30939/ijastech. 1752437.

EndNote

Molnár B, Magai R (December 1, 2025) The Effect of Heat Treatment on the Mechanical Properties of Continuously Fibre-Reinforced Standardised Specimens. International Journal of Automotive Science And Technology 9 1st Future of Vehicles Conf. 22–27.

IEEE

[1]B. Molnár and R. Magai, “The Effect of Heat Treatment on the Mechanical Properties of Continuously Fibre-Reinforced Standardised Specimens”, IJASTECH, vol. 9, no. 1st Future of Vehicles Conf., pp. 22–27, Dec. 2025, doi: 10.30939/ijastech..1752437.

ISNAD

Molnár, Balázs - Magai, Róbert. “The Effect of Heat Treatment on the Mechanical Properties of Continuously Fibre-Reinforced Standardised Specimens”. International Journal of Automotive Science And Technology 9/1st Future of Vehicles Conf. (December 1, 2025): 22-27. https://doi.org/10.30939/ijastech. 1752437.

JAMA

1.Molnár B, Magai R. The Effect of Heat Treatment on the Mechanical Properties of Continuously Fibre-Reinforced Standardised Specimens. IJASTECH. 2025;9:22–27.

MLA

Molnár, Balázs, and Róbert Magai. “The Effect of Heat Treatment on the Mechanical Properties of Continuously Fibre-Reinforced Standardised Specimens”. International Journal of Automotive Science And Technology, vol. 9, no. 1st Future of Vehicles Conf., Dec. 2025, pp. 22-27, doi:10.30939/ijastech. 1752437.

Vancouver

1.Balázs Molnár, Róbert Magai. The Effect of Heat Treatment on the Mechanical Properties of Continuously Fibre-Reinforced Standardised Specimens. IJASTECH. 2025 Dec. 1;9(1st Future of Vehicles Conf.):22-7. doi:10.30939/ijastech. 1752437