Effect of Basalt Fiber and SiC Nano Particle Reinforcement on Tensile Performance and Hardness of Polypropylene Composites for Automotive Application
Abstract
Polypropylene is versatile thermo plastic used in engineering. Conventional materials used in automotive and aerospace applications are being replaced by nano and micro hybrid Composites due to weight reduction, easy fabrication, enhanced properties and cost effectiveness. This study investigates the tensile performance of hybrid composite of Polypropylene, recycled epoxy, Basalt fiber and Silicon Carbide (SiC) nanoparticles. The polypropylene hybrid composites were fabricated using micro compounder injection molding machine by varying weight percentages of Basalt fiber and SiC nanoparticles to evaluate their harmonious ascendancy on tensile properties. The results revealed that hybrid reinforcements significantly enhanced the tensile strength and Hardness of the composites compared to the unreinforced matrix. The synergistic effect of Basalt fiber and SiC nanoparticles contributed to improved load transfer efficiency and crack resistance. The hybrid composites tensile strength enhanced by 62.53% and percentage elongation was depicted by 35.76% for 10 wt% of basalt fiber and 2 wt % of SiC nano particles reinforcement. Composite hardness is enhanced by 13%. Morphological analysis using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) confirmed uniform dispersion of SiC nanoparticles and strong interfacial bonding between fiber and matrix. The use of PP with recycled Epoxy microparticles and natural basalt fiber for the composite could be ecological benign and greeted by the industry. The findings demonstrate that optimized hybrid reinforcement offers a promising approach to develop lightweight, high-performance polymer composites for semi-structural and automotive applications.
Keywords
Basalt Fiber Hybrid composite Polypropylene Recycled Epoxy SiC nano particle Sustainability
Ethical Statement
We affirm that our research meets all applicable ethical standards and legal requirements.
Supporting Institution
CIPET, Bengaluru and IISC, Bengaluru
Thanks
The authors gratefully acknowledge the Central Institute of Plastics Engineering and Technology (CIPET), Bengaluru, for providing fabrication and testing facilities and also Dr. Surya Sarathi Bose, Professor, Polymer department IISc Bengaluru for guidance
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Details
| Primary Language | English |
|---|---|
| Subjects | Materials Engineering (Other), Automotive Engineering Materials |
| Journal Section | Research Article |
| Authors | |
| Submission Date | November 12, 2025 |
| Acceptance Date | January 29, 2026 |
| Publication Date | February 20, 2026 |
| DOI | https://doi.org/10.30939/ijastech..1820201 |
| IZ | https://izlik.org/JA37JS58GX |
| Published in Issue | Year 2026 Volume: 10 Issue: 1 |
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[1] Setiyo M, Waluyo B. Mixer with Secondary Venturi: An Invention for the First-Generation LPG Kits. Int J Automot Sci Technol. 2019;3(1):21–26.
[2] Can Ö, Öztürk E, Solmaz H, Aksoy F, Çinar C, Yücesu HS. Combined effects of soybean biodiesel fuel addition and EGR application on the combustion and exhaust emissions in a diesel engine. Appl Therm Eng. 2016;95:115–124.
[3] Sezer İ. A review study on the using of diethyl ether in diesel engines: Effects on CO emissions. Int J Automot Sci Technol. 2019;3(1):6–20.
[4] İlker Ö, Kul BS, Ciniviz M. A Comparative Study of Ethanol and Methanol Addition Effects on Engine Performance , Combustion and Emissions in the SI Engine. Int J Automot Sci Technol. 2020;4(2):59–69.
[5] Solouk A, Shakiba-Herfeh M, Kannan K, Solmaz H, Dice P, Bidarvatan M, et al. Fuel Economy Benefits of Integrating a Multi- Mode Low Temperature Combustion (LTC) Engine in a Series Extended Range Electric Powertrain. In: SAE Technical Papers. 2016.
[6] Gupta HN. Fundamentals of internal combustion engines. PHI Learning Pvt. Ltd.; 2012.
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M.M. Topaç is a senior researcher in automotive engineering at Dokuz Eylül University Department of Mechanical Engineering.
Main research topics:
• Vehicle engineering / Automotive systems,
• Vehicle design,
• Chassis systems engineering,
• Vehicle suspensions & steering,
• Ground vehicle dynamics,
• Failure analysis and prevention in vehicle design,
• Vehicle structures,
• Applied optimisation in vehicle engineering,
• Defence engineering,
• Electromobility.
Current research interests:
• Chassis systems design for special purpose vehicles: multi-axle land platforms, heavy-duty commercial vehicles, articulated vehicles / trailers, tracked vehicles,
• Alternative urban transportation: design of electric vehicles / urban electric microcars,
• Failure analysis and optimal design of vehicle components and structures,
• Dynamics of special purpose land vehicles,
• Modelling, design, optimisation and manufacturing of vehicle suspensions, axle systems and steering systems (including multi-axle steering systems for special purpose land vehicles and trailers),
• Design and optimisation of chassis and vehicle body structure,
• Powertrain modelling / Drivetrain dynamics.
Since 2006, he has been serving as a project consultant for automotive industry. He has been directing projects related to design and optimisation of suspensions, steering linkages, chassis, body and the other mechanical subsystems of wheeled vehicles. Moreover, he is investigating the effects of the design parameters of suspension and steering systems on handling behaviour and dynamics of wheeled and tracked land vehicles. He is also interested in topology optimisation-based lightweight design applications in vehicle engineering.
He is a member of SAE International.
Ir Prof Pak Kin Wong received the Ph.D. degree in Mechanical Engineering from The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, in 1997. He is currently a Professor in the Department of Electromechanical Engineering and Dean of Graduate School, University of Macau. He is also the Fellow of the Hong Kong Institution of Engineers and Chartered Fellow of Chartered Association of Building Engineers, U.K. His research interests include automotive engineering, artificial intelligence for medical applications, fluid transmission and control and mechanical vibration. He has published over 354 scientific papers. 238 out of 354 are refereed journal papers.
Dr. Yanan Camaraza-Medina is a Postdoctoral Fellow in the Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Guanajuato, Mexico. He received his M.Sc. in thermal engineering from the Universidad de Matanzas “Camilo Cienfuegos” in 2011 and the M.Sc. in electrical engineering from the Universidad Central de Las Villas “Marta Abreu” in 2015. He received his Ph.D. (Doctor in Technical Sciences) from the Universidad Central de Las Villas “Marta Abreu” in 2019. His research interests include problems of the heat transfer and fluid mechanics, with a special focus on thermal radiation, convective heat transfer and numerical modeling of thermal processes. He is a member of Editorial Advisory Board of three Scopus Indexed Journals, Mathematical Modelling of Engineering Problems (IIETA), Journal Européen des Systèmes Automatisés (IIETA), Recent Patents on Engineering (Bentham Science). Dr. Camaraza-Medina is the author and coauthor of more than 60 papers and several books.
Dr. Ramazan Şener is an expert in thermofluids, CFD and ICEs. He earned his PhD at Marmara University focusing on engine performance improvement and emissions reduction using advanced simulation tools and experimental methods. He also had the opportunity to conduct his research at the University of Catania, Italy. He is currently an Associate Professor at Bandirma Onyedi Eylul University, where he teaches and conducts research in thermofluids, optimization, ICEs, and renewable energy systems.
Dr. Gang Li is an Assistant Professor at Michael W. Hall School of Mechanical Engineering at Mississippi State University. His research interests include the fields of renewable energy technologies, applied artificial intelligence, dynamics and vibration, control theory, condition monitoring algorithms, structural health monitoring, and life cycle assessment, and involve AI for engineering, numerical simulation, experimental validation, and industrial application. Dr. Li is a recipient of the NSF EPSCoR Research Fellow Award and DOE EnergyTech UP Faculty Explorer Award. Dr. Li's research has been funded by NSF, DOE, the Maryland Energy Innovation Institute's Energy Innovation Seed Grant, the Maryland Technology Development Corporation’s Maryland Innovation Initiative (MII) Grant, the Maryland Offshore Wind Energy Research (MOWER) Challenge Grant Program, General Electric (GE), and Baltimore Gas and Electric (BGE). Dr. Li is a member of ASME, IEEE, and SAE International.
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International Journal of Automotive Science and Technology (IJASTECH) is published by Society of Automotive Engineers Turkey
