Modelling and simulation of detailed vehicle dynamics for development of innovative powertrains

Year 2021, Volume: 5 Issue: 3, 244 - 253, 30.09.2021

Shantanu Pardhı , Ajinkya Deshmukh Hugo Ajrouche

https://doi.org/10.30939/ijastech..931066

Cited By: 2

Abstract

Simulation with a basic representation of longitudinal vehicle dynamics is known to be sufficient for initial powertrain development activities related to efficiency and emissions such as concept application, optimal sizing, analysing the effects of physical and functional changes and also for defining basic control laws. However, when it comes to comprehensive analysis for efficiency improvement, minimizing instantaneous emission peaks or studying the impact of the new concepts on road safety, drivability and performance, the significance of detailed vehicle dynamics cannot be ignored. The work presented in this article defines a longitudinal vehicle dynamic modelling approach considering important characteristics such as the influence of normal load transfer on the varying grip of the front and rear wheels, the effect of wheel slip, and a complete representation of resistances encountered against vehicle motion with the objective of taking the analysis even closer to the actual driving conditions. The behaviour of this combined simulation platform under normal and extreme driving conditions seems to precisely follow the real scenario. This approach is a first step towards future analysis, optimization and controls development for improving transient powertrain aspects such as maximizing regenerative braking under heavy deceleration or optimizing road charging in P4 parallel hybrid architecture by managing wheel slip losses.

Keywords

Longitudinal vehicle dynamics simulation, Analytical modelling, Front - rear wheel slip, Trivial suspension, Vertical load transfer, Tractive forces, Powertrain analysis, Anti-lock braking system

Supporting Institution

Altran Prototypes Automobiles

Thanks

The Altran Prototype Automobile, Research & Innovation Department, ALTRAN part of Capgemini-France, supported this work, for the research internship under the project Hybrid Innovative Powertrain (HIP). The authors would like to thank the other members of the team Guillaume Voizard, Michel Geahel, Frédéric Guimard and Adrien Chameroy.

References

• [1] G. Vandia, N. Cavinaa, E. Cortia, G. Mancinia, D. Moroa, F. Pontia, & V. Ravaglioli, Development of a software in the loop environment for automotive powertrain systems, Energy Procedia, 2014.
• [2] N. M’Sirdi, A. Rabhi, & A Elhajjaji, Estimation of Contact Forces and Tire Road Friction, Mediterranean Conference on Control & Automation, 2018.
• [3] K. Majdoub, F. Giri, H. Ouadi, L. Dugard, & F. Chaoui, Vehicle Longitudinal Motion Modeling for nonlinear control, Control Engineering Practice, Elsevier, 2012.
• [4] K. Singh & S. Taheri, Estimation of tire-road friction coefficient and its application in chassis control systems, Systems Science & Control Engineering, 2015.
• [5] S. Jansen, P. Zegelaar, & H. Pacejka, The Influence of In-Plane Tyre Dynamics on ABS Braking of a Quarter Vehicle Model, Vehicle System Dynamics, 2010.
• [6] P. Shakouri, A. Ordys, M. Askari, & D. Laila, Longitudinal vehicle dynamics using Simulink/Matlab, UKACC International Conference on Control 2010.
• [7] S. James, S. Anderson, & M. Da Lio, Longitudinal Vehicle Dynamics: A Comparison of Physical and Data-Driven Models Under Large-Scale Real-World Driving Conditions, IEEE Access, 2020.
• [8] H. Pacejka & E. Bakker, The magic formula tyre model, 1st International Colloquium on Tyre Models for Vehicle Dynamics Analysis, Delft, Netherlands, 1991.
• [9] K. Lundahl, K. Berntorp, B. Olofsson, J. Aslund, & L. Nielsen, Studying the influence of roll and pitch dynamics in optimal road-vehicle maneuvers, 23rd International Symposium on Dynamics of Vehicles on Roads and Tracks, 2013.
• [10] T. Hoang, Switched observers and input-delay compensation for anti-lock brake systems, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2014.
• [11] L. Guzzella, & A. Sciarretta, Vehicle Propulsion Systems: Introduction to Modeling and Optimization, Springer, 2013.
• [12] B Jacobson et al, Vehicle Dynamics Compendium for course MMF062, Vehicle Dynamics Group, Division of Vehicle and Autonomous Systems, Department of Applied Mechanics, Chalmers University of Technology, 2016.
• [13] S. Choi, Antilock Brake System With a Continuous Wheel Slip Control to Maximize the Braking Performance and the Ride Quality, IEEE Transactions on Control Systems Technology, 2008.
• [14] F. Sandhu, H. Selamat, & Y. Sam, Antilock Braking System Using Dynamic Speed Estimation, Jurnal Teknologi, 2014.
• [15] N. Patra, & K. Datta, Modeling and Control of Anti-lock Braking System, Vehicle System Dynamics, 2012.
• [16] T. Matsushita et al, ABS Control Unit, Fuhitsu Ten Tech. Journal, AISIN, Toyota, 1994.
• [17] N. Kudarauskas, Analysis of emergency braking of a vehicle, TRANSPORT, 2007.
• [18] S. Evans & E. Lohwriter, Motortrend, [Online] 2010. https://www.motortrend.com/cars/hyundai/sonata/2011/2011-hyundai-sonata-2-0t-test/.
• [19] Preliminary Findings of the Effect of Tire Inflation Pressure on the Peak and Slide Coefficients of Friction, US Department of Transportation, 2002.
• [20] R. Lambourn, & A. Wesley, Comparison of motorcycle and car tyre/road friction, Transport Research Laboratory, 2010.
• [21] National highway traffic safety administration laboratory test procedure for rollover stability measurement for new car assessment program (ncap), U.S. Department of Transportation, 2013.