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The Effect of Al_2 O_3 Addition on Solidification Process of Phase Change Material: A Case Study on Heating of Automobile Cabin in Cold Climate Conditions

Year 2022, Volume: 6 Issue: 3, 275 - 283, 03.10.2022
https://doi.org/10.30939/ijastech..1128995

Abstract

In this paper, an experimental investigation is revealed on the solidification process of the latent heat thermal energy storage (LHTES) system, in which the heat energy emitted into the atmosphere with the exhaust gases of ICE vehicles is stored by phase change material (PCM) enhanced with nanoparticles (Al2O3). In the study using RT55 paraffin wax as the PCM, the interior heating process of a typical sedan automobile in cold climate conditions is used as the heat release medium for the LHTES system. Experimental studies carried out in real climatic conditions were repeated for pure paraffin (RT55) and five dif-ferent Al2O3 fractions (5 wt.%, 10 wt.%, 15 wt.%, 20 wt.%, and 25 wt.%). Ex-periments are performed in an optical PCM container and are completed after 1200 seconds (20 minutes). The heat energy stored in the PCM container is discharged to the automobile cabin via the closed-circuit liquid circulation system by the heating radiator system in the automobile cabin. The findings showed that the solidification process is improved considerably up to 10 wt.% Al2O3 fractions compared with pure paraffin RT55, and the temperature in the cabin could be increased by approximately 29%. In addition, the Al2O3 frac-tion increased by more than 10 wt.%, which has a negative effect on the im-provement in the solidification process, but higher solidification ability and in-cabinet temperature were obtained with all Al2O3 fractions compared to pure RT55.

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Thanks

Dear Editor-in-Chief: You will find attached copies of my original paper entitled “The Effect of Al_2 O_3 Addition on Solidification Process of Phase Change Material: A Case Study on Heating of Automobile Cabin in Cold Climate Conditions”, which I co-authored with M.Sc. Himmet Emre AYTAÇ, M.Sc. Hüseyin Cahit HAMAMCIOĞLU, Research Assistants Hüsameddin AKÇAY for review and possible publication in International Journal of Automotive Science and Technology. Submission of this article also implies that the work described has not been published previously, that it is not under consideration for publication elsewhere, that its publication is approved by all authors and tacitly or explicitly by the responsible authorities where the work was carried out. I would like to thank you very much for your kind efforts and also for your valuable comments on the paper in advance and remain, Sincerely, Assoc. Prof. Dr. Habib GÜRBÜZ The Corresponding Author

References

  • [1] Jadhao JS, Thombare, DG. Review on Exhaust Gas Heat Re-covery for IC Engine. Int j eng innov 2013;2(2):93-100.
  • [2] Endo T, Kawajiri S, Kojima Y, Takahashi K, Baba T, Ibaraki S, Shinohara M. Study on maximizing exergy in automotive en-gines. SAE trans 2007;347-356.
  • [3] Teng H, Regner G, Cowland C. Waste heat recovery of heavy-duty diesel engines by organic Rankine cycle Part II: working fluids for WHR-ORC. SAE trans 2007;01:0543.
  • [4] Mollenhauer E, Christidis A, Tsatsaronis G. Increasing the Flex-ibility of Combined Heat and Power Plants with Heat Pumps and Thermal Energy Storage. J Energy Resour Technol 2018;140(2):020907. [5] Gürbüz H, Ateş D. A numerical study on processes of charge and discharge of latent heat energy storage system using RT27 paraffin wax for exhaust waste heat recovery in a SI engine. Int J Automot Technol 2020;4 (4):314-327.
  • [6] Karasu H, Dincer I. Analysis and Efficiency Assessment of Direct Conversion of Wind Energy into Heat Using Electro-magnetic Induction and Thermal Energy Storage, J Energy Re-sour Technol 2018;140(7):071201.
  • [7] Wu J, Feng Y, Liu C, Li H. Heat transfer characteristics of an expanded graphite/paraffin PCM-heat exchanger used in an in-stantaneous heat pump water heater. Appl Therm Eng 2018;142:644-655.
  • [8] Mehling H, Cabeza LF. Heat and Cold Storage with PCM: An Up to Date Introduction into Basics and Applications. Heidel-berg, Berlin: Springer; 2018.
  • [9] Dincer I, Rosen MA. Thermal energy storage (TES) methods. Thermal Energy Storage: Systems and Applications. New York: John Wiley & Sons. 2002;93–212. [10] Cabeza LF. Thermal energy storage. Comprehensive Renewa-ble Energy. Oxford: Elsevier. 2012;3:211–253.
  • [11] Huggins RA. Energy storage, Fundamentals: Materials and Applications. Springer-Verlag GmbH; 2010.
  • [12] Nazir H, Batool M, Osorio FJB, Isaza-Ruiz M, Xu X, Vi-gnarooban K, Phelan P, Inamuddin, Kannan AM. Recent de-velopments in phase change materials for energy storage appli-cations: A review. Int J Heat Mass Transf 2019;129:491-523.
  • [13] Raoux S, Welnic W, Ielmini D. Phase change materials and their application to nonvolatile memories. Chem Rev 2010;110:240-267.
  • [14] Swathykrishnan B, Sreelakshmi C, Duggal P, Tomar RK. Ap-plication of Phase Change Materials in Buildings. In 2020 In-ternational Conference on Intelligent Engineering and Manage-ment (ICIEM), 2020;203-206.
  • [15] Kumar N, Banerjee D. Phase Change Materials. Handbook of Thermal Science and Engineering, Springer 2018;2213-2275.
  • [16] Jaguemont J, Omar N, Van den Bossche P, Mierlo J. Phase-change materials (PCM) for automotive applications: A re-view. Appl Therm Eng 2018;132:308-320.
  • [17] Rathod MK. Phase Change Materials and Their Applica-tions. Phase Change Materials and Their Applications, 2018;37-57.
  • [18] Sharma A, Tyagi VV, Chen CR, Buddhi D. Review on ther-mal energy storage with phase change materials and applica-tions. Renew Sust Energ Rev 2009;3(2):318-345.
  • [19] Rathod MK. Phase Change Materials and Their Applica-tions. Phase Change Materials and Their Applications, Lon-don 2018;3:37-57.
  • [20] Prabu SS, Asokan MA. A study of waste heat recovery from diesel engine exhaust using phase change material. Int J Chemtech Res 2015;8(6):711-717.
  • [21] Kauranen P, Elonen T, Wikström L, Heikkinen J, Laurikko J. Temperature optimisation of a diesel engine using exhaust gas heat recovery and thermal energy storage (diesel engine with thermal energy storage). Appl Therm Eng 2010;30(6-7):631-638.
  • [22] Hosseini MJ, Ranjbar AA, Sedighi K, Rahimi M. A combined experimental and computational study on the melting behavior of a medium temperature phase change storage material inside shell and tube heat exchanger. Int Commun Heat Mass Transf 2012;39(9):1416-1424.
  • [23] Zhao D, Tan G. Numerical analysis of a shell-and-tube latent heat storage unit with fins for air-conditioning application. Appl Energy 2015;138:381-392.
  • [24] Wahile, GS, Malwe PD, Kolhe AV. Waste heat recovery from exhaust gas of an engine by using a phase change materi-al. Mater Today: Proc 2020;28:2101-2107.
  • [25] Gürbüz H, Ateş D. An investigation of the melting process in a latent heat thermal energy storage system using exhaust gases of a spark ignition engine. Proc Inst Mech Eng D: J Automob Eng 2022;1-16.
  • [26] Agyenim F, Hewitt N. Experimental investigation and im-provement in heat transfer of paraffin PCM RT58 storage sys-tem to take advantage of low peak tariff rates for heat pump applications. Int J Low Carbon Technol 2013;8:260–270.
Year 2022, Volume: 6 Issue: 3, 275 - 283, 03.10.2022
https://doi.org/10.30939/ijastech..1128995

Abstract

Project Number

No

References

  • [1] Jadhao JS, Thombare, DG. Review on Exhaust Gas Heat Re-covery for IC Engine. Int j eng innov 2013;2(2):93-100.
  • [2] Endo T, Kawajiri S, Kojima Y, Takahashi K, Baba T, Ibaraki S, Shinohara M. Study on maximizing exergy in automotive en-gines. SAE trans 2007;347-356.
  • [3] Teng H, Regner G, Cowland C. Waste heat recovery of heavy-duty diesel engines by organic Rankine cycle Part II: working fluids for WHR-ORC. SAE trans 2007;01:0543.
  • [4] Mollenhauer E, Christidis A, Tsatsaronis G. Increasing the Flex-ibility of Combined Heat and Power Plants with Heat Pumps and Thermal Energy Storage. J Energy Resour Technol 2018;140(2):020907. [5] Gürbüz H, Ateş D. A numerical study on processes of charge and discharge of latent heat energy storage system using RT27 paraffin wax for exhaust waste heat recovery in a SI engine. Int J Automot Technol 2020;4 (4):314-327.
  • [6] Karasu H, Dincer I. Analysis and Efficiency Assessment of Direct Conversion of Wind Energy into Heat Using Electro-magnetic Induction and Thermal Energy Storage, J Energy Re-sour Technol 2018;140(7):071201.
  • [7] Wu J, Feng Y, Liu C, Li H. Heat transfer characteristics of an expanded graphite/paraffin PCM-heat exchanger used in an in-stantaneous heat pump water heater. Appl Therm Eng 2018;142:644-655.
  • [8] Mehling H, Cabeza LF. Heat and Cold Storage with PCM: An Up to Date Introduction into Basics and Applications. Heidel-berg, Berlin: Springer; 2018.
  • [9] Dincer I, Rosen MA. Thermal energy storage (TES) methods. Thermal Energy Storage: Systems and Applications. New York: John Wiley & Sons. 2002;93–212. [10] Cabeza LF. Thermal energy storage. Comprehensive Renewa-ble Energy. Oxford: Elsevier. 2012;3:211–253.
  • [11] Huggins RA. Energy storage, Fundamentals: Materials and Applications. Springer-Verlag GmbH; 2010.
  • [12] Nazir H, Batool M, Osorio FJB, Isaza-Ruiz M, Xu X, Vi-gnarooban K, Phelan P, Inamuddin, Kannan AM. Recent de-velopments in phase change materials for energy storage appli-cations: A review. Int J Heat Mass Transf 2019;129:491-523.
  • [13] Raoux S, Welnic W, Ielmini D. Phase change materials and their application to nonvolatile memories. Chem Rev 2010;110:240-267.
  • [14] Swathykrishnan B, Sreelakshmi C, Duggal P, Tomar RK. Ap-plication of Phase Change Materials in Buildings. In 2020 In-ternational Conference on Intelligent Engineering and Manage-ment (ICIEM), 2020;203-206.
  • [15] Kumar N, Banerjee D. Phase Change Materials. Handbook of Thermal Science and Engineering, Springer 2018;2213-2275.
  • [16] Jaguemont J, Omar N, Van den Bossche P, Mierlo J. Phase-change materials (PCM) for automotive applications: A re-view. Appl Therm Eng 2018;132:308-320.
  • [17] Rathod MK. Phase Change Materials and Their Applica-tions. Phase Change Materials and Their Applications, 2018;37-57.
  • [18] Sharma A, Tyagi VV, Chen CR, Buddhi D. Review on ther-mal energy storage with phase change materials and applica-tions. Renew Sust Energ Rev 2009;3(2):318-345.
  • [19] Rathod MK. Phase Change Materials and Their Applica-tions. Phase Change Materials and Their Applications, Lon-don 2018;3:37-57.
  • [20] Prabu SS, Asokan MA. A study of waste heat recovery from diesel engine exhaust using phase change material. Int J Chemtech Res 2015;8(6):711-717.
  • [21] Kauranen P, Elonen T, Wikström L, Heikkinen J, Laurikko J. Temperature optimisation of a diesel engine using exhaust gas heat recovery and thermal energy storage (diesel engine with thermal energy storage). Appl Therm Eng 2010;30(6-7):631-638.
  • [22] Hosseini MJ, Ranjbar AA, Sedighi K, Rahimi M. A combined experimental and computational study on the melting behavior of a medium temperature phase change storage material inside shell and tube heat exchanger. Int Commun Heat Mass Transf 2012;39(9):1416-1424.
  • [23] Zhao D, Tan G. Numerical analysis of a shell-and-tube latent heat storage unit with fins for air-conditioning application. Appl Energy 2015;138:381-392.
  • [24] Wahile, GS, Malwe PD, Kolhe AV. Waste heat recovery from exhaust gas of an engine by using a phase change materi-al. Mater Today: Proc 2020;28:2101-2107.
  • [25] Gürbüz H, Ateş D. An investigation of the melting process in a latent heat thermal energy storage system using exhaust gases of a spark ignition engine. Proc Inst Mech Eng D: J Automob Eng 2022;1-16.
  • [26] Agyenim F, Hewitt N. Experimental investigation and im-provement in heat transfer of paraffin PCM RT58 storage sys-tem to take advantage of low peak tariff rates for heat pump applications. Int J Low Carbon Technol 2013;8:260–270.
There are 24 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Mechanical Engineering
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Habib Gürbüz 0000-0001-5157-6227

Himmet Emre Aytaç 0000-0002-8320-5380

Emre Hamamcıoğlu 0000-0001-5009-2001

Hüsameddin Akçay 0000-0002-5704-670X

Project Number No
Publication Date October 3, 2022
Submission Date June 10, 2022
Acceptance Date August 16, 2022
Published in Issue Year 2022 Volume: 6 Issue: 3

Cite

APA Gürbüz, H., Aytaç, H. E., Hamamcıoğlu, E., Akçay, H. (2022). The Effect of Al_2 O_3 Addition on Solidification Process of Phase Change Material: A Case Study on Heating of Automobile Cabin in Cold Climate Conditions. International Journal of Automotive Science And Technology, 6(3), 275-283. https://doi.org/10.30939/ijastech..1128995
AMA Gürbüz H, Aytaç HE, Hamamcıoğlu E, Akçay H. The Effect of Al_2 O_3 Addition on Solidification Process of Phase Change Material: A Case Study on Heating of Automobile Cabin in Cold Climate Conditions. ijastech. October 2022;6(3):275-283. doi:10.30939/ijastech.1128995
Chicago Gürbüz, Habib, Himmet Emre Aytaç, Emre Hamamcıoğlu, and Hüsameddin Akçay. “The Effect of Al_2 O_3 Addition on Solidification Process of Phase Change Material: A Case Study on Heating of Automobile Cabin in Cold Climate Conditions”. International Journal of Automotive Science And Technology 6, no. 3 (October 2022): 275-83. https://doi.org/10.30939/ijastech. 1128995.
EndNote Gürbüz H, Aytaç HE, Hamamcıoğlu E, Akçay H (October 1, 2022) The Effect of Al_2 O_3 Addition on Solidification Process of Phase Change Material: A Case Study on Heating of Automobile Cabin in Cold Climate Conditions. International Journal of Automotive Science And Technology 6 3 275–283.
IEEE H. Gürbüz, H. E. Aytaç, E. Hamamcıoğlu, and H. Akçay, “The Effect of Al_2 O_3 Addition on Solidification Process of Phase Change Material: A Case Study on Heating of Automobile Cabin in Cold Climate Conditions”, ijastech, vol. 6, no. 3, pp. 275–283, 2022, doi: 10.30939/ijastech..1128995.
ISNAD Gürbüz, Habib et al. “The Effect of Al_2 O_3 Addition on Solidification Process of Phase Change Material: A Case Study on Heating of Automobile Cabin in Cold Climate Conditions”. International Journal of Automotive Science And Technology 6/3 (October 2022), 275-283. https://doi.org/10.30939/ijastech. 1128995.
JAMA Gürbüz H, Aytaç HE, Hamamcıoğlu E, Akçay H. The Effect of Al_2 O_3 Addition on Solidification Process of Phase Change Material: A Case Study on Heating of Automobile Cabin in Cold Climate Conditions. ijastech. 2022;6:275–283.
MLA Gürbüz, Habib et al. “The Effect of Al_2 O_3 Addition on Solidification Process of Phase Change Material: A Case Study on Heating of Automobile Cabin in Cold Climate Conditions”. International Journal of Automotive Science And Technology, vol. 6, no. 3, 2022, pp. 275-83, doi:10.30939/ijastech. 1128995.
Vancouver Gürbüz H, Aytaç HE, Hamamcıoğlu E, Akçay H. The Effect of Al_2 O_3 Addition on Solidification Process of Phase Change Material: A Case Study on Heating of Automobile Cabin in Cold Climate Conditions. ijastech. 2022;6(3):275-83.


International Journal of Automotive Science and Technology (IJASTECH) is published by Society of Automotive Engineers Turkey

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