​THE IMPACT OF THE BLACK SEA COASTAL ROAD ON THE COASTAL CITIES; A COMPARISON OF GİRESUN AND ORDU

The presence of 'coast' or 'sea' gives the city its own character, while it enriches the urban space in terms of functionality and also differentiates its conceptual dimensions. From a functional point of view, coasts are evaluated as a part of city that hosts different fields such as social and cultural activities, entertainment, recreation, trade, accommodation, etc. Incedayı, 2006 ; and from a conceptual perspective, coast is defined as a space bordered by water and land components or the interface between these two components Timmerman and White 1997 . Therefore, the 'coastal cities', which have unique identity to the coast with a unique urban identity and culture, have unique problems. These problems are the concepts that explain the functional and conceptual value of the coast as well as the interrelated concepts in itself, such as the focal point of coast, components that generate coastal cities, loosing the coast, presence of human on the coast and the interventions on coastal cities. Particularly, the transport decisions as a result of bad plans and similar interventions on the coast "loose the coast" and cause the "loss of unique values for coastal cities". Recently, the 'Black Sea Coastal Road' where man-made interventions and their results have been clearly monitored has been the topic of much debate in this context. This led to the loss of the coastal city identity of all Black Sea cities except for Ordu . The cities that had existence with the coast have moved far away from the coast because of the coastal road and this had a negative impact on urban life in terms of coast and city integration, and the life was transformed into a different concept. The coastal morphology, which is the main determinant of the urban and spatial structure, has been distorted and a new coastal morphology has been established with the filling areas Usta, 2016 For these reasons, it has been determined that the study of Giresun and Ordu cities, which are located in close proximity to each other but where the coastal road passes through different axes according to the shore, is discussed in the context of the shore-specific 'functional' and 'conceptual' parameters. These parameters will be evaluated through comparative analysis tables including headlines such as 'order, movement, transportation, nature, topography, focus, perception, culture, identity' for both cities. In this way, it is aimed to discuss the results of urban unplanned interventions in the context of 'city and urban'