A SENTIMENTAL INTEGRATION – DIMITRIS PIKIONIS’ PLAYGROUND AND ITS EASTERN ORIGINS

Year 2018, Volume: 3 Issue: 1, 64 - 70, 01.03.2018

Zhang Yıngle

Abstract

Between 1961 and 1964, the Greek architect Dimitris Pikionis 1887, Piraeus - 1968, Athens designed and conducted one of his last works, the children´s playground at Philothei district, Athens. In this garden-like playground located between residential areas and pine woods, Pikionis introduced expressive references to create a scenario that reveals a latent unity between two different cultures, the Western and the Eastern. Apart from those Byzantine archetypes that historically show a close affinity to Greek culture, the garden’s loose layout with meandering flagstone paths, the entry gate’s simple construction, the pure manifestation of panels and frames of the elevated pavilion, and those clear details on straw roof, wooden structure and stone footings, drive this exoticism to the remote region, evoking the images and spirit of traditional Japanese Zen gardens. Pikionis’ early pictorial education in Munich and Paris offered him insights into Eastern and especially the Japanese culture. Oriental motifs subsequently became a recurring reference in his projects, as an ascent that first rose from the Athenian Open-Air theatre 1933 , developed in the landscaping work at Acropolis and came to its crest in the playground. By combining various methods of designing and building, the Greek architect systematically sought out the “fundamentally and inevitably homogeneous” among different architectural traditions in this oneiric place. Pikionis took advantage of the topography, using geometric matrix of visual control to establish a layered structure in the garden space. This order results in a particular experience of movement that, from entry to the inner place, adapts to the ritual walk in Japanese tea gardens. Hybrid character also can be found in architectures, whose simplicity integrates construction of traditional Japanese villa and Greek vernacular houses. Then, the metaphorical ambience rendered by those symbolic elements, the straw hut, the wreckage besides dry pond, evokes Greek archaic images as well as the particular sentiment of “quietness” in Zen spirit. Spatial order, constructive manner, materials and spiritual monuments are those factors that compose the oriental tone in this daily and casual site in Athens. Far more than a play of Japonesque, this ambitious yet humble-look garden stretches over time and space, over the history of modernity in relation to antiquity, echoing the remote world across its proper culture. The value conveyed by Pikionis half a century ago is still shinning today: to repudiate our habitual fixation on technology and globalization as aesthetic system, the practice of seeking the common value from individual traditions and fixing their differences into the universal backdrop is more necessary than ever before

Keywords

Dimitris Pikionis, Athens, playground, oriental

References

• Ferlenga, A., 1999. Pikionis, 1887-1968. Milan: Mondadori Electa
• Keane, M. P., 2012. Japanese garden design. USA: Tuttle Publishing.
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• Captions of Visual Material Figure 1. Dimitris Pikionis (1887-1968). Image from: Pikionis, 1989:1
• Figure 2. The Philothei playground, view to the entrance. Image from: Ferlenga, 1999:315
• Figure 3. Maple Viewing at Takao, Kanō Hideyori, 16th century URL: https://www.google.com/culturalinstitute/beta/asset/maple-viewers/oQF0nQM_PVBZeQ Figure 4. Plan of Versailles, 1789.
• URL:https://i.pinimg.com/736x/8b/c3/2c/8bc32c0ba5d1bdfeb74d83b0f30208d4--paris-plan-palace-of- versailles.jpg
• Figure 5. Plan of Kyoto Garden Figure 6. Plan of Philothei Playground. Image from: Ferlenga, 1999:309
• Figure 7. The Playground entry gate. Image from: Pikionis, 1989:60
• Figure 8. The entry plaza and pavilion. Image from: Ferlenga, 1999:319
• Figure 9. The pathway. Image from: Ferlenga, 1999:318
• Figure 10. The axial pathway. Figure 11. Piazza d'Italia, Giorgio de Chirico , 1913. URL:https://educacion.ufm.edu/wp- content/uploads/2014/02/Giorgio-de-Chirico.-Piazza-dItalia.-1913.-Oil-on-canvas.-Art-Gallery-of-Ontario- Toronto-Canada.jpg
• Figure 12. Attica, Dimitris Pikionis, around 1940. Image from: Pikionis, 1989:30
• Figure 13. Attica, Athena and Erichthonius. Image from: Pikionis, 1989:18
• Figure 14. The Shipwreck. Image from: Ferlenga, 1999:316
• Figure 15. The Hut. Image from: Pikionis, 1989:58
• Figure 16. The Hut and sandpit. Image from: Ferlenga, 1999:318