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Abstract

Like many eukaryotes, DNA methylation is an important mechanism of epigenetic control in bacteria. Unlike eukaryotes, bacteria use DNA adenine methylation rather than DNA cytosine methylation as an epigenetic signal. Epigenetic mechanisms are thought to control several virulence factors of bacteria. Escherichia coli, Salmonella, Vibrio, Yersinia, Haemophilus, and Brucella are the mostly studied bacteria under that topic. Finding out how to control this gene expression in bacteria can facilitate the control of infections that may generate hope for the development of new options. Development of new drug molecules has become increasingly limited. As the number of molecular microbiology studies increase, it has been focused that bacteria virulence factors can be controlled by epigenetic mechanisms. Recently, the usage of Dam inhibitors for the treatment of infection and tumor suppression are the main questions focused on this topic

Keywords

• Bacteria, epigenetics

Bakterilerde Epigenetik

Öz

Ökaryotlarda olduğu gibi bakterilerde de epigenetik kontrolün önemli bir mekanizması DNA metilasyonudur. Bakterilerdeki metilasyonun ökaryotlardakinden farkı sitozin yerine yaygın olarak adeninin metillenmesidir. Bakterilerin birçok virülans faktörünün epigenetik mekanizmalarla kontrol edildiği düşünülmektedir. Bu konuda en çok çalışılan bakteriler Escherichia coli, Salmonella, Vibrio, Yersinia, Haemophilus, Brucella ve Pseudomonas cinsi olmuştur. Bakterilerde gen ifadelenmesinin nasıl kontrol edildiğinin bilinmesi infeksiyonların kontrolünde yeni seçeneklerin geliştirilmesi için umut olabilecektir. Yeni antibiyotik moleküllerinin geliştirilmesi gittikçe sınırlı bir hale gelmiştir. Moleküler mikrobiyoloji çalışmaları arttıkça, epigenetik mekanizmalar ile bakterilerin virülans faktörlerinin kontrol edilebileceği konusunda yoğunlaşılmıştır. Çok yakında cevaplanabileceğini umduğumuz iki soru Dam inhibitörlerinin infeksiyon tedavisi ve tümör baskılanması amacıyla kullanılıp kullanılmayacağıdır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

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