Research Article
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Reduction of Ship Based CO2 Emissions from Container Transportation

Year 2018, Volume: 4 Issue: 3, 1 - 4, 27.11.2018
https://doi.org/10.22399/ijcesen.429944

Abstract

Today,
with the globalization of the world, traders have almost removed the borders.
Therefore, there has been a considerable increase in demand for people to reach
each other. This also led to the increase in maritime transport which has
approximately 80% of the volume of worlds’ freight load and also is the most
economical mode of transportation. Despite being the most environmentally
friendly transport system, the current CO2 emission rate due to sea transport
is 2.5%. Also, 26% of CO2 emissions and energy consumption resulting from
maritime transportation is caused by container ships which only generate 16% of
world fleet. In this context, container transport has been examined in terms of
CO2 emissions. Slower steaming requires less bunker consumption and fewer
bunkering port calls thus lowering CO2 emissions compared to steaming at normal
speeds. However, it takes more navigation time and vessels to meet the
vessel-routing schedule but it can also reduce fuel cost. This study
investigates CO2 emissions responsible for a container ship to determine bunker
fuel saving and CO2 reduction strategies for container shipping lines. A case
study was carried out using the real shipping data of a container ship with a
capacity 1880 TEU between Ambarlı and Savannah ports. Additionally, two
different scenarios have been proposed to reduce the emission of a real
container ship in operation.

References

  • [1] Hoffmann, J., Review of Maritime Transport, 2017. No. UNCTAD/RMT/2017. 2017.
  • [2] Sekimizu, K., Third IMO GHG Study 2014 Executive Summary and Final Report.: Micropress Printers, Suffolk, UK., 2015.
  • [3] Xhafka, E., J. Teta, and E. Agastra. "Mobile Environmental Sensing and Sustainable Public Transportation Using ICT Tools." network 6 (2015): pp 7.DOI: 10.12693/APhysPolA.128.B-122
  • [4] Ronen, David. "The effect of oil price on containership speed and fleet size." Journal of the Operational Research Society 62.1 (2011): pp 211-216.DOI: 10.1057/jors.2009.169
  • [5] Fagerholt, Kjetil, Gilbert Laporte, and Inge Norstad. "Reducing fuel emissions by optimizing speed on shipping routes." Journal of the Operational Research Society 61.3 (2010): pp: 523-529.DOI: 10.1057/jors.2009.77
  • [6] Cariou, Pierre. "Is slow steaming a sustainable means of reducing CO2 emissions from container shipping?." Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment 16.3 (2011): pp 260-264.DOI: 10.1016/j.trd.2010.12.005
  • [7] Kim, Hwa-Joong, et al. "An epsilon-optimal algorithm considering greenhouse gas emissions for the management of a ship’s bunker fuel." Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment 17.2 (2012): pp 97-103.DOI: 10.1016/j.trd.2011.10.001
  • [8] Notteboom, Theo, and Pierre Cariou. "Slow steaming in container liner shipping: is there any impact on fuel surcharge practices?." The International Journal of Logistics Management 24.1 (2013): pp 73-86.DOI:10.1108/IJLM-05-2013-0055
  • [9] Khor, Yee Shin, et al. "Optimum speed analysis for large containerships." Journal of Ship Production and Design 29.3 (2013): pp 93-104.DOI:10.5957/JSPD.29.2.120022
  • [10] Sheng, Xiaoming, Loo Hay Lee, and Ek Peng Chew. "Dynamic determination of vessel speed and selection of bunkering ports for liner shipping under stochastic environment." OR spectrum 36.2 (2014): pp: 455-480.DOI: 10.1007/s00291-012-0316-1
  • [11] Doudnikoff, Marjorie, and Romuald Lacoste. "Effect of a speed reduction of containerships in response to higher energy costs in Sulphur Emission Control Areas." Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment 28 (2014): pp: 51-61.DOI: 10.1016/j.trd.2014.03.002
  • [12] Meng, Qiang, Yuquan Du, and Yadong Wang. "Shipping log data based container ship fuel efficiency modeling." Transportation Research Part B: Methodological 83 (2016): pp: 207-229.DOI: 10.1016/j.trb.2015.11.007
  • [13] Mao, Wengang, et al. "Statistical models for the speed prediction of a container ship." Ocean Engineering 126 (2016): pp: 152-162.DOI: 10.1016/j.oceaneng.2016.08.033
  • [14] Tai, Hui-Huang, and Dung-Ying Lin. "The impact of trunk route deployment changes on pollutant emissions in international container shipping after Panama Canal expansion." The International Journal of Logistics Management 27.2 (2016): pp: 335-352.DOI: 10.1108/IJLM-09-2014-0142
  • [15] Deniz, Cengiz, and Yalçın Durmuşoğlu. "Estimating shipping emissions in the region of the Sea of Marmara, Turkey." Science of the total environment 390.1 (2008): pp: 255-261.DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2007.09.033
  • [16] Deniz, Cengiz, Alper Kilic, and Gökhan Cıvkaroglu. "Estimation of shipping emissions in Candarli Gulf, Turkey." Environmental monitoring and assessment 171.1-4 (2010): pp: 219-228.DOI: 10.1007/s10661-009-1273-2
  • [17] Corbett, James J., Haifeng Wang, and James J. Winebrake. "The effectiveness and costs of speed reductions on emissions from international shipping." Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment 14.8 (2009): pp: 593-598.DOI: 10.1016/j.trd.2009.08.005
  • [18] Cullinane, Kevin, Po-Hsing Tseng, and Gordon Wilmsmeier. "Estimation of container ship emissions at berth in Taiwan." International Journal of Sustainable Transportation 10.5 (2016): pp: 466-474.DOI: 10.1080/15568318.2014.975303
  • [19] Tai, Hui-Huang, and Dung-Ying Lin. "Comparing the unit emissions of daily frequency and slow steaming strategies on trunk route deployment in international container shipping." Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment 21 (2013): pp: 26-31.DOI: 10.1016/j.trd.2013.02.009
Year 2018, Volume: 4 Issue: 3, 1 - 4, 27.11.2018
https://doi.org/10.22399/ijcesen.429944

Abstract

References

  • [1] Hoffmann, J., Review of Maritime Transport, 2017. No. UNCTAD/RMT/2017. 2017.
  • [2] Sekimizu, K., Third IMO GHG Study 2014 Executive Summary and Final Report.: Micropress Printers, Suffolk, UK., 2015.
  • [3] Xhafka, E., J. Teta, and E. Agastra. "Mobile Environmental Sensing and Sustainable Public Transportation Using ICT Tools." network 6 (2015): pp 7.DOI: 10.12693/APhysPolA.128.B-122
  • [4] Ronen, David. "The effect of oil price on containership speed and fleet size." Journal of the Operational Research Society 62.1 (2011): pp 211-216.DOI: 10.1057/jors.2009.169
  • [5] Fagerholt, Kjetil, Gilbert Laporte, and Inge Norstad. "Reducing fuel emissions by optimizing speed on shipping routes." Journal of the Operational Research Society 61.3 (2010): pp: 523-529.DOI: 10.1057/jors.2009.77
  • [6] Cariou, Pierre. "Is slow steaming a sustainable means of reducing CO2 emissions from container shipping?." Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment 16.3 (2011): pp 260-264.DOI: 10.1016/j.trd.2010.12.005
  • [7] Kim, Hwa-Joong, et al. "An epsilon-optimal algorithm considering greenhouse gas emissions for the management of a ship’s bunker fuel." Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment 17.2 (2012): pp 97-103.DOI: 10.1016/j.trd.2011.10.001
  • [8] Notteboom, Theo, and Pierre Cariou. "Slow steaming in container liner shipping: is there any impact on fuel surcharge practices?." The International Journal of Logistics Management 24.1 (2013): pp 73-86.DOI:10.1108/IJLM-05-2013-0055
  • [9] Khor, Yee Shin, et al. "Optimum speed analysis for large containerships." Journal of Ship Production and Design 29.3 (2013): pp 93-104.DOI:10.5957/JSPD.29.2.120022
  • [10] Sheng, Xiaoming, Loo Hay Lee, and Ek Peng Chew. "Dynamic determination of vessel speed and selection of bunkering ports for liner shipping under stochastic environment." OR spectrum 36.2 (2014): pp: 455-480.DOI: 10.1007/s00291-012-0316-1
  • [11] Doudnikoff, Marjorie, and Romuald Lacoste. "Effect of a speed reduction of containerships in response to higher energy costs in Sulphur Emission Control Areas." Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment 28 (2014): pp: 51-61.DOI: 10.1016/j.trd.2014.03.002
  • [12] Meng, Qiang, Yuquan Du, and Yadong Wang. "Shipping log data based container ship fuel efficiency modeling." Transportation Research Part B: Methodological 83 (2016): pp: 207-229.DOI: 10.1016/j.trb.2015.11.007
  • [13] Mao, Wengang, et al. "Statistical models for the speed prediction of a container ship." Ocean Engineering 126 (2016): pp: 152-162.DOI: 10.1016/j.oceaneng.2016.08.033
  • [14] Tai, Hui-Huang, and Dung-Ying Lin. "The impact of trunk route deployment changes on pollutant emissions in international container shipping after Panama Canal expansion." The International Journal of Logistics Management 27.2 (2016): pp: 335-352.DOI: 10.1108/IJLM-09-2014-0142
  • [15] Deniz, Cengiz, and Yalçın Durmuşoğlu. "Estimating shipping emissions in the region of the Sea of Marmara, Turkey." Science of the total environment 390.1 (2008): pp: 255-261.DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2007.09.033
  • [16] Deniz, Cengiz, Alper Kilic, and Gökhan Cıvkaroglu. "Estimation of shipping emissions in Candarli Gulf, Turkey." Environmental monitoring and assessment 171.1-4 (2010): pp: 219-228.DOI: 10.1007/s10661-009-1273-2
  • [17] Corbett, James J., Haifeng Wang, and James J. Winebrake. "The effectiveness and costs of speed reductions on emissions from international shipping." Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment 14.8 (2009): pp: 593-598.DOI: 10.1016/j.trd.2009.08.005
  • [18] Cullinane, Kevin, Po-Hsing Tseng, and Gordon Wilmsmeier. "Estimation of container ship emissions at berth in Taiwan." International Journal of Sustainable Transportation 10.5 (2016): pp: 466-474.DOI: 10.1080/15568318.2014.975303
  • [19] Tai, Hui-Huang, and Dung-Ying Lin. "Comparing the unit emissions of daily frequency and slow steaming strategies on trunk route deployment in international container shipping." Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment 21 (2013): pp: 26-31.DOI: 10.1016/j.trd.2013.02.009
There are 19 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Engineering
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Ayfer Ergin 0000-0002-6276-4001

Mustafa Fatih Ergin 0000-0003-4158-368X

Publication Date November 27, 2018
Submission Date June 2, 2018
Acceptance Date July 30, 2018
Published in Issue Year 2018 Volume: 4 Issue: 3

Cite

APA Ergin, A., & Ergin, M. F. (2018). Reduction of Ship Based CO2 Emissions from Container Transportation. International Journal of Computational and Experimental Science and Engineering, 4(3), 1-4. https://doi.org/10.22399/ijcesen.429944