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Population Polymorphism Study Among Tulsi (Ocimum sp.) Ecotypes In Assam, India Using Morphological And Biochemical Parameters

Year 2016, Volume: 2 Issue: 1, 0 - 0, 07.06.2016

Abstract

The genus Ocimum, (family Lamiaceae), displays great variability. Prevalence of cross pollination, polyploidy and interspecific hybridization has complicated its taxonomy, making its systematic study difficult. This study investigated the morphological and biochemical variability among 18 ecotypes collected from different parts of the Assam state, India. Considerable diversity was found using all the approaches. The quantitative morphological parameters showed wide variability, not always co-relating with their geographical distances. The Euclidean distance ranged between 6.06 (between the closest accessions) and 59.00 (between the most distant accessions). Phylogenetic analysis divided the accessions into two major clusters sharing approx. 76% identity, and a minor cluster (with three accessions) sharing only approx. 65% identity with the other two. A great deal of diversity was found in the qualitative characters too; that divided the ecotypes into two to five groups. 

The biochemical characters also revealed wide polymorphism; the distance varied from 1.690 to 58.574. Similar to the morphological characters, the biochemical parameters too did not always correlate with geographical distances. The phylogenetic mapping divided the accessions into two major clusters, sharing approx. 80% similarity. Further work will be needed to correlate the distance based on the morphological and the biochemical characters.

References

  • Anca-Raluca, A., Irina, B., Claudia, P., Doina, A., Magda, C. and Maria-Magdalena, Z. 2011. Comparative biochemical and physiological research on taxa of Mentha L genus. Journal of Plant Development, 18: 41-44.
  • Arnon, D. I. 1949. Copper enzymes in isolated chloroplasts Polyphenoloxidase in Beta vulgaris. Plant Physiology, 24: 1-15.
  • Balaji, R., Prakash, G., Suganya, P. D. and Aravinthan, K. M. 2011. Antioxidant activity of methanol extract of Ocimum tenuiflorum (Dried leaf and stem). International Journal of J. Pharmaceutical Research and Development, 3: 20-27.
  • Bhattacharjee, S. K. 1998. A Handbook of Medicinal Plant. Jaipur: Pointer Publishers.
  • Bompalli, L. K. and Nallabilli, L. 2013. Genetic diversity of Ocimum species through biochemical technique and UPGMA CLUSTER analysis. International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 5: 155-159.
  • Bult. C. J. and Kiang, Y. T. 1992. Electrophoretic and morphological variation within and among natural populations of the wild soybean, Glycine soja Sieb and Zucc. Botanical Bulletin- Academia Sinica, 33: 111-112.
  • Burzo, I. and Mihaiescu, D. E. 2005. Contributions to the data concerning physiological and biochemical processes of Ocimum basilicum L. Biologie Vegetală, 51: 47-52.
  • Carovic-Stanko, K., Salinovic, A., Grdisa, M., Liber, Z., Kolak, I. and Satovic, Z. 2011. Efficiency of morphological trait descriptors in discrimination of Ocimum basilicum L accessions. Plant Biosystems, 145: 298-305.
  • Castrillo, M., Vizcaino, D., Moreno, E. and Latorraca, Z. 2001. Chlorophyll content in some cultivated and wild species of the family Lamiaceae. Biologia Plantarum, 44: 423-425.
  • Choudhury, B. G., Manaswini, B., Kumar, J. P. and Kumar, T. S. 2011. Pharmacognostical and phytochemical investigation of various tulsi plants available in south eastern Odisha. International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, 2: 605-610.
  • Erum, S., Naeemullah, M., Masood, S. and Khan, M. I. 2011. Genetic variation in the living repository of Ocimum germplasm. Pakistan Journal of Agricultural Research, 24: 1-4.
  • Fagbohun, E. D., Lawal, O. U. and Ore, M. E. 2012. The proximate, mineral and phytochemical analysis of the leaves of Ocimum gratissimum L, Melanthera scandens A and Leea guineensis L and their medicinal value. International Journal of Applied Biology and Pharmaceutical Technology, 3: 15-22.
  • Givnish, T. J. 1988. Adaptation to sun and shade: A whole-plant perspective. Australian Journal of Plant Physiology, 15: 63-92.
  • Grieve, M. 1992. A modern Herbal: The medicinal, culinary, cosmetic and economic properties, cultivation and folk-lore of herbs, grasses, fungi, shrubs and trees with their modern scientific uses. London: Tiger Books International.
  • Grzeszczuk, M. and Jadczak, D. 2009. Estimation of biological value of some species of mint (Mentha L). Kerva Polonica, 55: 193-199.
  • Gupta, V. K., Singh, J., Kumar, R. and Bhanot, A. 2011. Pharmacognostic and preliminary phytochemical study of Ocimum gratissimum L (Family: Lamiaceae). Asian Journal of Plant Science, 10: 365-369.
  • Humbeck, K., Hoffmann, B. and Senger, H. 1988. Influence of energy flux and quality of light on the molecular organization of the photosynthetic apparatus in Scenedesmus. Planta, 173: 205-212.
  • Javanmardi, J., Khalighi, A., Kashi, A., Bais, H. P. and Vivanco, J. M. 2002. Chemical characterization of Basil (Ocimum basilicum L) Found in local accessions and used in traditional medicines in Iran. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 50: 5878-5883.
  • Johnson, G. N., Scholes, J. D., Horton, P. and Young, A. J. 1993. Relationships between carotenoid composition and growth habit in British plant species. Plant, Cell and Environment, 16: 681-686.
  • Kewalanand, 2007. Basil. In: Singh, S. (ed.) Medicinal and Aromatic crops, 284-297. Jaipur: Aavishkar Publishers.
  • Kopsell, D. A. and Kopsell, D. E. 2005. Carotenoid and chlorophyll pigments in Sweet basil grown in the field and green house. Horticultural Science, 40: 1230-1233.
  • Krishna, R. 1981. Natural out crossing in sweet basil - Ocimum basilicum L. Indian Perfumer, 25: 74-77.
  • Morales, M. R., Charles, D. J., Simon, J. E. and Simon, J. E. 1993. New aromatic lemon basil germplasm. In: Janick, J. (ed.) New Crops, 632-635. New York: Wiley.
  • Mustafa, A. E.-Z. M. A., Badr, A., El-Galaly, M. A., Ahmed, A. M. and Hassan, M. G. 2006. Genetic diversity among Ocimum populations in Egypt as reflected by morphological, seed proteins and isozyme polymorphism. International Journal of Botany, 2: 261-269.
  • Nazim, K., Ahmed, M. and Uzair, M. 2009. Growth potential of two species of basil in sandy soil of Karachi. Pakistan Journal of Botany, 41: 1637-1644.
  • Omidbaigi, R., Mirzaee, M., Hassani, M. E. and Moghadam, M. S. 2010. Induction and identification of polyploidy in basil (Ocimum basilicum L) medicinal plant by colchicine treatment. Internanational Journal of Plant Production, 4: 87-98.
  • Pepkowitz, L. P. 1943. The stability of carotene in acetone and petroleum ether extracts of green vegetables: (I) The photochemical destruction of carotene in the of presence of chlorophyll (II) The stabilizing effect of Sodium cyanide. Journal of Biological Chemistry, 149: 465-471.
  • Quereshi, S., Purwar, P., Singh, R., Khan, N. A., Mani, A. and Patel, J. 2011. Studies on essential oils and DNA extraction from Ocimum species. Journal of Phytopathology, 3: 23-27.
  • Soxhlet, F. 1879. Die gewichtsanalytische Bestimmung des Milchfettes. Dingler’s Polytechnisches Journal, 232: 461-465.
  • Svecova, E. and Neugebauerov, J. 2010. A study of 34 cultivars of basil (Ocimum L) and their morphological, economic and biochemical characteristics, using standardized descriptors. Acta Universitatis Sapientiae, Alimentaria, 3: 118-135.
  • Tewari, D., Pandey, H. K., Sah, A. N., Meena, H. S. and Manchanda, A. 2012. Pharmacognostical and biochemical investigation of Ocimum kilimandscharicum plants available in western Himalayan region. Asian Journal of Plant Scienceand Research, 2: 446-451.
  • Yamazaki, J., Takahisa, S., Emiko, M. and Yasumaro, K. 2005. The stoichiometry and antenna size of the two photosystems in marine green algae, Bryopsis maxima and Ulva pertusa, in relation to the light environment of their natural habitat. Journal of Experimental Botany, 56: 1517-1523.
  • Zviniene, N. and Pank, F. 1996. Data processing for numerical taxonomy in genus Mentha L growing in Lithuania. International Symposium on Breeding Research on Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, 30 June – 4 July, 1996, Quedlinburg, Germany.
Year 2016, Volume: 2 Issue: 1, 0 - 0, 07.06.2016

Abstract

References

  • Anca-Raluca, A., Irina, B., Claudia, P., Doina, A., Magda, C. and Maria-Magdalena, Z. 2011. Comparative biochemical and physiological research on taxa of Mentha L genus. Journal of Plant Development, 18: 41-44.
  • Arnon, D. I. 1949. Copper enzymes in isolated chloroplasts Polyphenoloxidase in Beta vulgaris. Plant Physiology, 24: 1-15.
  • Balaji, R., Prakash, G., Suganya, P. D. and Aravinthan, K. M. 2011. Antioxidant activity of methanol extract of Ocimum tenuiflorum (Dried leaf and stem). International Journal of J. Pharmaceutical Research and Development, 3: 20-27.
  • Bhattacharjee, S. K. 1998. A Handbook of Medicinal Plant. Jaipur: Pointer Publishers.
  • Bompalli, L. K. and Nallabilli, L. 2013. Genetic diversity of Ocimum species through biochemical technique and UPGMA CLUSTER analysis. International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 5: 155-159.
  • Bult. C. J. and Kiang, Y. T. 1992. Electrophoretic and morphological variation within and among natural populations of the wild soybean, Glycine soja Sieb and Zucc. Botanical Bulletin- Academia Sinica, 33: 111-112.
  • Burzo, I. and Mihaiescu, D. E. 2005. Contributions to the data concerning physiological and biochemical processes of Ocimum basilicum L. Biologie Vegetală, 51: 47-52.
  • Carovic-Stanko, K., Salinovic, A., Grdisa, M., Liber, Z., Kolak, I. and Satovic, Z. 2011. Efficiency of morphological trait descriptors in discrimination of Ocimum basilicum L accessions. Plant Biosystems, 145: 298-305.
  • Castrillo, M., Vizcaino, D., Moreno, E. and Latorraca, Z. 2001. Chlorophyll content in some cultivated and wild species of the family Lamiaceae. Biologia Plantarum, 44: 423-425.
  • Choudhury, B. G., Manaswini, B., Kumar, J. P. and Kumar, T. S. 2011. Pharmacognostical and phytochemical investigation of various tulsi plants available in south eastern Odisha. International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, 2: 605-610.
  • Erum, S., Naeemullah, M., Masood, S. and Khan, M. I. 2011. Genetic variation in the living repository of Ocimum germplasm. Pakistan Journal of Agricultural Research, 24: 1-4.
  • Fagbohun, E. D., Lawal, O. U. and Ore, M. E. 2012. The proximate, mineral and phytochemical analysis of the leaves of Ocimum gratissimum L, Melanthera scandens A and Leea guineensis L and their medicinal value. International Journal of Applied Biology and Pharmaceutical Technology, 3: 15-22.
  • Givnish, T. J. 1988. Adaptation to sun and shade: A whole-plant perspective. Australian Journal of Plant Physiology, 15: 63-92.
  • Grieve, M. 1992. A modern Herbal: The medicinal, culinary, cosmetic and economic properties, cultivation and folk-lore of herbs, grasses, fungi, shrubs and trees with their modern scientific uses. London: Tiger Books International.
  • Grzeszczuk, M. and Jadczak, D. 2009. Estimation of biological value of some species of mint (Mentha L). Kerva Polonica, 55: 193-199.
  • Gupta, V. K., Singh, J., Kumar, R. and Bhanot, A. 2011. Pharmacognostic and preliminary phytochemical study of Ocimum gratissimum L (Family: Lamiaceae). Asian Journal of Plant Science, 10: 365-369.
  • Humbeck, K., Hoffmann, B. and Senger, H. 1988. Influence of energy flux and quality of light on the molecular organization of the photosynthetic apparatus in Scenedesmus. Planta, 173: 205-212.
  • Javanmardi, J., Khalighi, A., Kashi, A., Bais, H. P. and Vivanco, J. M. 2002. Chemical characterization of Basil (Ocimum basilicum L) Found in local accessions and used in traditional medicines in Iran. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 50: 5878-5883.
  • Johnson, G. N., Scholes, J. D., Horton, P. and Young, A. J. 1993. Relationships between carotenoid composition and growth habit in British plant species. Plant, Cell and Environment, 16: 681-686.
  • Kewalanand, 2007. Basil. In: Singh, S. (ed.) Medicinal and Aromatic crops, 284-297. Jaipur: Aavishkar Publishers.
  • Kopsell, D. A. and Kopsell, D. E. 2005. Carotenoid and chlorophyll pigments in Sweet basil grown in the field and green house. Horticultural Science, 40: 1230-1233.
  • Krishna, R. 1981. Natural out crossing in sweet basil - Ocimum basilicum L. Indian Perfumer, 25: 74-77.
  • Morales, M. R., Charles, D. J., Simon, J. E. and Simon, J. E. 1993. New aromatic lemon basil germplasm. In: Janick, J. (ed.) New Crops, 632-635. New York: Wiley.
  • Mustafa, A. E.-Z. M. A., Badr, A., El-Galaly, M. A., Ahmed, A. M. and Hassan, M. G. 2006. Genetic diversity among Ocimum populations in Egypt as reflected by morphological, seed proteins and isozyme polymorphism. International Journal of Botany, 2: 261-269.
  • Nazim, K., Ahmed, M. and Uzair, M. 2009. Growth potential of two species of basil in sandy soil of Karachi. Pakistan Journal of Botany, 41: 1637-1644.
  • Omidbaigi, R., Mirzaee, M., Hassani, M. E. and Moghadam, M. S. 2010. Induction and identification of polyploidy in basil (Ocimum basilicum L) medicinal plant by colchicine treatment. Internanational Journal of Plant Production, 4: 87-98.
  • Pepkowitz, L. P. 1943. The stability of carotene in acetone and petroleum ether extracts of green vegetables: (I) The photochemical destruction of carotene in the of presence of chlorophyll (II) The stabilizing effect of Sodium cyanide. Journal of Biological Chemistry, 149: 465-471.
  • Quereshi, S., Purwar, P., Singh, R., Khan, N. A., Mani, A. and Patel, J. 2011. Studies on essential oils and DNA extraction from Ocimum species. Journal of Phytopathology, 3: 23-27.
  • Soxhlet, F. 1879. Die gewichtsanalytische Bestimmung des Milchfettes. Dingler’s Polytechnisches Journal, 232: 461-465.
  • Svecova, E. and Neugebauerov, J. 2010. A study of 34 cultivars of basil (Ocimum L) and their morphological, economic and biochemical characteristics, using standardized descriptors. Acta Universitatis Sapientiae, Alimentaria, 3: 118-135.
  • Tewari, D., Pandey, H. K., Sah, A. N., Meena, H. S. and Manchanda, A. 2012. Pharmacognostical and biochemical investigation of Ocimum kilimandscharicum plants available in western Himalayan region. Asian Journal of Plant Scienceand Research, 2: 446-451.
  • Yamazaki, J., Takahisa, S., Emiko, M. and Yasumaro, K. 2005. The stoichiometry and antenna size of the two photosystems in marine green algae, Bryopsis maxima and Ulva pertusa, in relation to the light environment of their natural habitat. Journal of Experimental Botany, 56: 1517-1523.
  • Zviniene, N. and Pank, F. 1996. Data processing for numerical taxonomy in genus Mentha L growing in Lithuania. International Symposium on Breeding Research on Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, 30 June – 4 July, 1996, Quedlinburg, Germany.
There are 33 citations in total.

Details

Journal Section Makaleler
Authors

Basanta Kumar Borah

Ranju Chutia This is me

Mahendra Kumar Modi This is me

Bidyut Kumar Sarmah This is me

Publication Date June 7, 2016
Published in Issue Year 2016 Volume: 2 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Borah, B. K., Chutia, R., Modi, M. K., Sarmah, B. K. (2016). Population Polymorphism Study Among Tulsi (Ocimum sp.) Ecotypes In Assam, India Using Morphological And Biochemical Parameters. International Journal of Crop Science and Technology, 2(1).
AMA Borah BK, Chutia R, Modi MK, Sarmah BK. Population Polymorphism Study Among Tulsi (Ocimum sp.) Ecotypes In Assam, India Using Morphological And Biochemical Parameters. IJCST. June 2016;2(1).
Chicago Borah, Basanta Kumar, Ranju Chutia, Mahendra Kumar Modi, and Bidyut Kumar Sarmah. “Population Polymorphism Study Among Tulsi (Ocimum sp.) Ecotypes In Assam, India Using Morphological And Biochemical Parameters”. International Journal of Crop Science and Technology 2, no. 1 (June 2016).
EndNote Borah BK, Chutia R, Modi MK, Sarmah BK (June 1, 2016) Population Polymorphism Study Among Tulsi (Ocimum sp.) Ecotypes In Assam, India Using Morphological And Biochemical Parameters. International Journal of Crop Science and Technology 2 1
IEEE B. K. Borah, R. Chutia, M. K. Modi, and B. K. Sarmah, “Population Polymorphism Study Among Tulsi (Ocimum sp.) Ecotypes In Assam, India Using Morphological And Biochemical Parameters”, IJCST, vol. 2, no. 1, 2016.
ISNAD Borah, Basanta Kumar et al. “Population Polymorphism Study Among Tulsi (Ocimum sp.) Ecotypes In Assam, India Using Morphological And Biochemical Parameters”. International Journal of Crop Science and Technology 2/1 (June 2016).
JAMA Borah BK, Chutia R, Modi MK, Sarmah BK. Population Polymorphism Study Among Tulsi (Ocimum sp.) Ecotypes In Assam, India Using Morphological And Biochemical Parameters. IJCST. 2016;2.
MLA Borah, Basanta Kumar et al. “Population Polymorphism Study Among Tulsi (Ocimum sp.) Ecotypes In Assam, India Using Morphological And Biochemical Parameters”. International Journal of Crop Science and Technology, vol. 2, no. 1, 2016.
Vancouver Borah BK, Chutia R, Modi MK, Sarmah BK. Population Polymorphism Study Among Tulsi (Ocimum sp.) Ecotypes In Assam, India Using Morphological And Biochemical Parameters. IJCST. 2016;2(1).