Research Article
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Effect of Self-Differentiation on Trait Anxiety and Authenticity of University Students

Year 2024, , 796 - 803, 25.07.2024
https://doi.org/10.33438/ijdshs.1463144

Abstract

The aim of this study is to analyze the effect of self-differentiation on trait anxiety and authenticity in university students. The sample consists of a total of 333 university students (244 female and 89 male) studying in various departments of a state university who volunteered to participate in the study. Differentiation of Self Inventory—Short Form (DSI-SF) was used to measure self-differentiation levels; “Trait Anxiety Scale” was used to measure trait anxiety levels; and “Authenticity Scale” was used to measure the authenticity levels of university students. The results obtained were analyzed both with SPSS and AMOS programs. The correlation between variables was observed with SPSS analysis. The analyses were tested at .05 and .01 significance levels using SPSS 25.0 package programme. The PROCESS (Model 4) Macro was used in SPSS to examine the mediating effect of anxiety in the relationship between self-differentiation and authenticity. The findings of the research indicated that the relationship between self-differentiation and authenticity in university students was partially mediated. The study also demonstrated the positive predictive value of self-differentiation at the level of authenticity in university students. The findings were then discussed in relation to the existing literature, with some suggestions for future research made.

Ethical Statement

Approval was granted by the Uşak University Social and Human Sciences Scientific Research and Publication Ethics Board (approval number: 2023-67, date: 16.03.2023).

Supporting Institution

There is no institution that received support for the study

Project Number

Yok

References

  • Akbay Evin, S. (2015). Investigating the mediating role of attachment styles in the relationship between parental attachment, romantic intimacy and authentic self. Unpublished dissertation, Mersin University, Mersin. [CrossRef]
  • Allan, B. A., Bott, E. M., & Suh, H. (2015). Connecting mindfulness and meaning in life: Exploring the role of authenticity. Mindfulness, 6(5), 996-1003. [CrossRef]
  • Anderson, S. A., & Sabatelli, R. M. (1992). The differentiation in the family system scale (DIFS). American Journal of Family Therapy, 20(1), 77-89. [CrossRef]
  • Beck, A. T., Emery, G., & Greenberg, R. L. (2011). Anxiety disorders and phobias: A Cogniti& Perspective (2nd ed.). (Trans. V. Öztürk.). Istanbul: Litera Publishing. (Original study published in 1985). [CrossRef]
  • Benard, B. (2004). Resiliency: What we ha& learned. San Francisco. CA: WestEd. [CrossRef]
  • Bowens, L. (1999). Authenticity in Kurosawa. Journal of Value Inquiry, 33(29), 227-237. [CrossRef]
  • Chickering, A. W., Dalton, J. C., & Stamm, L. (2015). Encouraging authenticity and spirituality in higher education. New Jersey: John Wiley and Sons. [CrossRef]
  • Cho, M. Y., Min, E. S., Hur, M. H., & Lee, M. S. (2013). Effects of aromatherapy on the anxiety, vital signs, and sleep quality of percutaneous coronary intervention patients in intensive care units. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine. [PubMed]
  • Clarken, R. (2011). Authenticity, autonomy and altruism: Keys for transformation. Paper presented at the Annual Equity within the Classroom Conference. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
  • Corey, G. (2008). Psychological counselling and psychotherapy theories and practices. T. Ergene (Transl. Ed.). Ankara: Mentis Publishing. [CrossRef]
  • Daiman, D.T. (2018). The relationship between early parental behavior, contextualized selves, self-relating patterns, and differentiation of self. Unpublished doctoral theses. Long Island University, Brooklyn. [CrossRef]
  • Dugas, M. J., Gosselin, P. & Ladouceur, R. (2001). Intolerance of uncertainty and worry: Investigating specificity in a nonclinical sample. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 25(5), 551-558. [CrossRef]
  • Feldman, S. (2014). Against authenticity: Why you shouldn't be yourself. Lexington Books. [CrossRef]
  • Freeman, H. & Almond, T. (2009). Predicting adolescent self-differentiation from relationships with parents and romantic partners. International Journal of Adolescence and Youth, 15(1-2), p.121-143, [CrossRef]
  • Gharehbaghy, F. (2011). An investigation into Bowen family systems theory in an Iranian sample. Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, 5(1), 56-63. [CrossRef]
  • Gil-Or, O., Levi-Belz, Y. & Turel, O. (2015). The “Facebook-self”: Characteristics and psychological predictors of false self-presentation on Facebook. Frontiers in Psychology, 6(2), p.1-10. [PubMed]
  • Goldenberg, H. & Goldenberg, I. (2008). Family therapy an overview. Belmont: Thomson Hieger Education. [CrossRef]
  • Goleman, D. (1995). Emotional intelligence. New York: Bantam Books. [CrossRef]
  • Hall, J. C., & Theriot, M. T. (2016). Developing multicultural awareness, knowledge and skills: Diversity training makes a difference? Multicultural Perspectives, 18(1), 35-41. [CrossRef]
  • Harter, S., Waters, P. L., Pettitt, L. M., Whitesell, N., Kofkin, J. & Jordan, J. (1997). Autonomy and connectedness as dimensions of relationship styles in men and women. Journal of Social and Personal Relationships, 14(2), 147–164. [CrossRef]
  • Hill, E. W., Hasty, C., & Moore, C. J. (2011). Differentiation of self and the process of forgiveness: A clinical perspective for couple and family therapy. Australian and New Zealand Journal of Family Therapy, 32(1), 43-57. [CrossRef]
  • Hooper, L.M. & DePuy, V. (2010). Mediating and moderating effects of differentiation of self on dpression symptomatology in a rural community sample. The Family Journal: Counseling and Therapy for Couples and Families, 18(4), 358-368. [CrossRef]
  • Impett, E. A., Strachman, A., Finkel, E. J., & Gable, S. L. (2008). Maintaining sexual desire in intimate relationships: The importance of approach goals. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 94(5), 808. [CrossRef]
  • Jani, J. S., Osteen, P., & Shipe, S. (2016). Cultural competence and social work education: moving toward assessment of practice behaviors. Journal of Social Work Education, 52(3), 311-324. [CrossRef]
  • Jankowski, P. J., Sandage, S. J., & Hill, P. C. (2013). Differentiation-based models of forgivingness, mental health and social justice commitment: Mediator effects for differentiation of self and humility. The Journal of Positive Psychology, 8(5), 412-424. [CrossRef]
  • Kernis, M. H., & Goldman, B. M. (2005). Authenticity, social motivation, and psychological adjustment. In J. P. Forgas, K. D. Williams, & S. M. Laham (Eds.), Social motivation: Conscious and unconscious processes, pp. 210–227. Cambridge University Press. [CrossRef]
  • Kwon, S.H., & Lee, J. (2014). The Relationship Between Maternal and Paternal Parenting Styles and Young Adults’ Career Decision-Making. Journal of Korean Home Management Association, 32(5), 41-61. [CrossRef]
  • Lacoste, V., Leimgruber, J., & Breyer, T. (2014). Indexing authenticity: Sociolinguistic Perspectives, 39. Berlin: Walter de Gruyter GmbH and Co KG. [CrossRef]
  • Lenton, A. P., Slabu, L., & Sedikides, C. (2016). State authenticity in everyday life. European Journal of Personality, 30(1), 64-82. [CrossRef]
  • Lopez, F. G. & Rice, K. G. (2006). Preliminary development and validation of a measur of relationship authenticity. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 53(3), 362-371. [CrossRef]
  • Ménard, J., & Brunet, L. (2011). Authenticity and well-being in the workplace: A mediation model. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 26(4), 331-346. [CrossRef]
  • Orange, D. M. (2002). There is no outside: Empathy and authenticity in psychoanalyticprocess. Psychoanalytic Psychology, 19(4), 686. [CrossRef]
  • Peleg-Popko, O. (2002). Bowen theory: a study of differentiation of self, social anxiety, and physiological symptoms. Contemporary Family Therapy, 24(2), 355-369. [CrossRef]
  • Richardson, G. E. (2002). The metatheory of resilience and resiliency. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 58(3), 307-321. [CrossRef]
  • Sarıkaya, Y., Boyacı M., İlhan, T., & Aldemir, A. (2018). Adaptation of the differentiation of self ınventory short form (dsı-sf) to turkish: validity and reliability study. Bartın University Journal of Faculty of Education, 7(2), 365-380. [CrossRef]
  • Schouten, A. P. (2007). Adolescents’ online self-disclosure and self-presentation. Amsterdam: The Amsterdam School of Communications Research ASCOR. [CrossRef]
  • Skowron, E.A. & Friedlander, M.L. (1998). The differentiation of self inventory: Development and initial validation. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 45(3), 235-246. [CrossRef]
  • Skowron, E.A., Stanley, K.L. & Shapiro, M.D. (2009). A longitudinal perspective on differentiation of self, interpersonal ve psychological well-being in young adulthood. Contemporary Family Therapy, 31, 3-18. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10591-008-9075-1 [CrossRef]
  • Solomon, Z., Dekel, R., Zerach, G., & Horesh, D. (2009). Differentiation of the self and posttraumatic symptomatology among ex-POWs and their wives. Journal of Marital and Family Therapy, 35(1), 60-73. [CrossRef]
  • Thomaes, S., Sedikides, C., van den Bos, N., Hutteman, R., & Reijntjes, A. (2017). Happy to be “me?” authenticity, psychological need satisfaction, and subjective well‐being in adolescence. Child Development, 88(4),1045-1056. [PubMed]
  • Tiryaki Güven, S. (2020). The role of social problem solving, family functioning and differentiation of self as predictors of psychological symptoms. Unpublished master's thesis, Hacettepe University, Ankara. [CrossRef]
  • Tou, R. Y., Baker, Z. G., Hadden, B. W., & Lin, Y. C. (2015). The real me: Authenticity, interpersonal goals, and conflict tactics. Personality and Individual Differences, 86, 189-194. [CrossRef]
  • Tuason, M. T., & Friedlander, M. L. (2000). Do parents' differentiation levels predict those of their adult children? and other tests of Bowen theory in a Philippine sample. Journal of counseling psychology, 47(1), 27. [CrossRef]
  • Valkenburg, P. M., Schouten, A. P. & Peter, J. (2005). Adolescents’ identity experiments on the internet. New Media and Society, 7(3), 383-402. [CrossRef]
  • Vasey M. W., & Dadds M. R. (2001). The developmental psychopathology of anxiety. Oxford University Press, New York. [CrossRef]
  • Vasey, M. W., Ollendick, T. H. (2000). Anxiety. In M. Lewis, A. Sameroff (Eds.), Cognitive interference: Theory, methods, and findings, pp. 117–138. Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum. [CrossRef]
  • Vick, D.S. (2005). The relationship between parent and peer attachment and differentiation of self in first-year college students. Unpublished doctoral dissertation in psychology, Old Dominion University, Norfolk. [CrossRef]
  • Williams, M. T., Domanico, J., Marques, L., Leblanc, N. J. & Turkheimer, E. (2012). Barriers to treatment among African Americans with obsessive-compulsive disorder. Journal Of Anxiety Disorders, 26(4), 555-563. [PubMed]
  • Wolfradt, U., Hempel, S., & Miles, J. N. V. (2003). Perceived parenting styles, depersonalisation, anxiety and coping behavior in normal adolescents. Personal Individual Diffirences, 34, 521-32. [CrossRef]
  • Wood, A. M., Linley, P. A., Maltby, J., Baliousis, M., & Joseph, S. (2008). The authentic personality: A theoretical and empirical conceptualization and the development of the Authenticity Scale. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 55(3), 385. [CrossRef]
  • Yalom, I. D. (2000). Existential psychotherapy (Translation Edit. Z. İ. Babayiğit). Ankara: Kabalcı Publishing House. [CrossRef]
  • Yohannes, A. M., & Alexopoulos, G. S. (2014). Depression and anxiety in patients with COPD. Eur Respir Rev, 23(133), 345-9. [PubMed]
Year 2024, , 796 - 803, 25.07.2024
https://doi.org/10.33438/ijdshs.1463144

Abstract

Project Number

Yok

References

  • Akbay Evin, S. (2015). Investigating the mediating role of attachment styles in the relationship between parental attachment, romantic intimacy and authentic self. Unpublished dissertation, Mersin University, Mersin. [CrossRef]
  • Allan, B. A., Bott, E. M., & Suh, H. (2015). Connecting mindfulness and meaning in life: Exploring the role of authenticity. Mindfulness, 6(5), 996-1003. [CrossRef]
  • Anderson, S. A., & Sabatelli, R. M. (1992). The differentiation in the family system scale (DIFS). American Journal of Family Therapy, 20(1), 77-89. [CrossRef]
  • Beck, A. T., Emery, G., & Greenberg, R. L. (2011). Anxiety disorders and phobias: A Cogniti& Perspective (2nd ed.). (Trans. V. Öztürk.). Istanbul: Litera Publishing. (Original study published in 1985). [CrossRef]
  • Benard, B. (2004). Resiliency: What we ha& learned. San Francisco. CA: WestEd. [CrossRef]
  • Bowens, L. (1999). Authenticity in Kurosawa. Journal of Value Inquiry, 33(29), 227-237. [CrossRef]
  • Chickering, A. W., Dalton, J. C., & Stamm, L. (2015). Encouraging authenticity and spirituality in higher education. New Jersey: John Wiley and Sons. [CrossRef]
  • Cho, M. Y., Min, E. S., Hur, M. H., & Lee, M. S. (2013). Effects of aromatherapy on the anxiety, vital signs, and sleep quality of percutaneous coronary intervention patients in intensive care units. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine. [PubMed]
  • Clarken, R. (2011). Authenticity, autonomy and altruism: Keys for transformation. Paper presented at the Annual Equity within the Classroom Conference. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
  • Corey, G. (2008). Psychological counselling and psychotherapy theories and practices. T. Ergene (Transl. Ed.). Ankara: Mentis Publishing. [CrossRef]
  • Daiman, D.T. (2018). The relationship between early parental behavior, contextualized selves, self-relating patterns, and differentiation of self. Unpublished doctoral theses. Long Island University, Brooklyn. [CrossRef]
  • Dugas, M. J., Gosselin, P. & Ladouceur, R. (2001). Intolerance of uncertainty and worry: Investigating specificity in a nonclinical sample. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 25(5), 551-558. [CrossRef]
  • Feldman, S. (2014). Against authenticity: Why you shouldn't be yourself. Lexington Books. [CrossRef]
  • Freeman, H. & Almond, T. (2009). Predicting adolescent self-differentiation from relationships with parents and romantic partners. International Journal of Adolescence and Youth, 15(1-2), p.121-143, [CrossRef]
  • Gharehbaghy, F. (2011). An investigation into Bowen family systems theory in an Iranian sample. Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, 5(1), 56-63. [CrossRef]
  • Gil-Or, O., Levi-Belz, Y. & Turel, O. (2015). The “Facebook-self”: Characteristics and psychological predictors of false self-presentation on Facebook. Frontiers in Psychology, 6(2), p.1-10. [PubMed]
  • Goldenberg, H. & Goldenberg, I. (2008). Family therapy an overview. Belmont: Thomson Hieger Education. [CrossRef]
  • Goleman, D. (1995). Emotional intelligence. New York: Bantam Books. [CrossRef]
  • Hall, J. C., & Theriot, M. T. (2016). Developing multicultural awareness, knowledge and skills: Diversity training makes a difference? Multicultural Perspectives, 18(1), 35-41. [CrossRef]
  • Harter, S., Waters, P. L., Pettitt, L. M., Whitesell, N., Kofkin, J. & Jordan, J. (1997). Autonomy and connectedness as dimensions of relationship styles in men and women. Journal of Social and Personal Relationships, 14(2), 147–164. [CrossRef]
  • Hill, E. W., Hasty, C., & Moore, C. J. (2011). Differentiation of self and the process of forgiveness: A clinical perspective for couple and family therapy. Australian and New Zealand Journal of Family Therapy, 32(1), 43-57. [CrossRef]
  • Hooper, L.M. & DePuy, V. (2010). Mediating and moderating effects of differentiation of self on dpression symptomatology in a rural community sample. The Family Journal: Counseling and Therapy for Couples and Families, 18(4), 358-368. [CrossRef]
  • Impett, E. A., Strachman, A., Finkel, E. J., & Gable, S. L. (2008). Maintaining sexual desire in intimate relationships: The importance of approach goals. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 94(5), 808. [CrossRef]
  • Jani, J. S., Osteen, P., & Shipe, S. (2016). Cultural competence and social work education: moving toward assessment of practice behaviors. Journal of Social Work Education, 52(3), 311-324. [CrossRef]
  • Jankowski, P. J., Sandage, S. J., & Hill, P. C. (2013). Differentiation-based models of forgivingness, mental health and social justice commitment: Mediator effects for differentiation of self and humility. The Journal of Positive Psychology, 8(5), 412-424. [CrossRef]
  • Kernis, M. H., & Goldman, B. M. (2005). Authenticity, social motivation, and psychological adjustment. In J. P. Forgas, K. D. Williams, & S. M. Laham (Eds.), Social motivation: Conscious and unconscious processes, pp. 210–227. Cambridge University Press. [CrossRef]
  • Kwon, S.H., & Lee, J. (2014). The Relationship Between Maternal and Paternal Parenting Styles and Young Adults’ Career Decision-Making. Journal of Korean Home Management Association, 32(5), 41-61. [CrossRef]
  • Lacoste, V., Leimgruber, J., & Breyer, T. (2014). Indexing authenticity: Sociolinguistic Perspectives, 39. Berlin: Walter de Gruyter GmbH and Co KG. [CrossRef]
  • Lenton, A. P., Slabu, L., & Sedikides, C. (2016). State authenticity in everyday life. European Journal of Personality, 30(1), 64-82. [CrossRef]
  • Lopez, F. G. & Rice, K. G. (2006). Preliminary development and validation of a measur of relationship authenticity. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 53(3), 362-371. [CrossRef]
  • Ménard, J., & Brunet, L. (2011). Authenticity and well-being in the workplace: A mediation model. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 26(4), 331-346. [CrossRef]
  • Orange, D. M. (2002). There is no outside: Empathy and authenticity in psychoanalyticprocess. Psychoanalytic Psychology, 19(4), 686. [CrossRef]
  • Peleg-Popko, O. (2002). Bowen theory: a study of differentiation of self, social anxiety, and physiological symptoms. Contemporary Family Therapy, 24(2), 355-369. [CrossRef]
  • Richardson, G. E. (2002). The metatheory of resilience and resiliency. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 58(3), 307-321. [CrossRef]
  • Sarıkaya, Y., Boyacı M., İlhan, T., & Aldemir, A. (2018). Adaptation of the differentiation of self ınventory short form (dsı-sf) to turkish: validity and reliability study. Bartın University Journal of Faculty of Education, 7(2), 365-380. [CrossRef]
  • Schouten, A. P. (2007). Adolescents’ online self-disclosure and self-presentation. Amsterdam: The Amsterdam School of Communications Research ASCOR. [CrossRef]
  • Skowron, E.A. & Friedlander, M.L. (1998). The differentiation of self inventory: Development and initial validation. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 45(3), 235-246. [CrossRef]
  • Skowron, E.A., Stanley, K.L. & Shapiro, M.D. (2009). A longitudinal perspective on differentiation of self, interpersonal ve psychological well-being in young adulthood. Contemporary Family Therapy, 31, 3-18. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10591-008-9075-1 [CrossRef]
  • Solomon, Z., Dekel, R., Zerach, G., & Horesh, D. (2009). Differentiation of the self and posttraumatic symptomatology among ex-POWs and their wives. Journal of Marital and Family Therapy, 35(1), 60-73. [CrossRef]
  • Thomaes, S., Sedikides, C., van den Bos, N., Hutteman, R., & Reijntjes, A. (2017). Happy to be “me?” authenticity, psychological need satisfaction, and subjective well‐being in adolescence. Child Development, 88(4),1045-1056. [PubMed]
  • Tiryaki Güven, S. (2020). The role of social problem solving, family functioning and differentiation of self as predictors of psychological symptoms. Unpublished master's thesis, Hacettepe University, Ankara. [CrossRef]
  • Tou, R. Y., Baker, Z. G., Hadden, B. W., & Lin, Y. C. (2015). The real me: Authenticity, interpersonal goals, and conflict tactics. Personality and Individual Differences, 86, 189-194. [CrossRef]
  • Tuason, M. T., & Friedlander, M. L. (2000). Do parents' differentiation levels predict those of their adult children? and other tests of Bowen theory in a Philippine sample. Journal of counseling psychology, 47(1), 27. [CrossRef]
  • Valkenburg, P. M., Schouten, A. P. & Peter, J. (2005). Adolescents’ identity experiments on the internet. New Media and Society, 7(3), 383-402. [CrossRef]
  • Vasey M. W., & Dadds M. R. (2001). The developmental psychopathology of anxiety. Oxford University Press, New York. [CrossRef]
  • Vasey, M. W., Ollendick, T. H. (2000). Anxiety. In M. Lewis, A. Sameroff (Eds.), Cognitive interference: Theory, methods, and findings, pp. 117–138. Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum. [CrossRef]
  • Vick, D.S. (2005). The relationship between parent and peer attachment and differentiation of self in first-year college students. Unpublished doctoral dissertation in psychology, Old Dominion University, Norfolk. [CrossRef]
  • Williams, M. T., Domanico, J., Marques, L., Leblanc, N. J. & Turkheimer, E. (2012). Barriers to treatment among African Americans with obsessive-compulsive disorder. Journal Of Anxiety Disorders, 26(4), 555-563. [PubMed]
  • Wolfradt, U., Hempel, S., & Miles, J. N. V. (2003). Perceived parenting styles, depersonalisation, anxiety and coping behavior in normal adolescents. Personal Individual Diffirences, 34, 521-32. [CrossRef]
  • Wood, A. M., Linley, P. A., Maltby, J., Baliousis, M., & Joseph, S. (2008). The authentic personality: A theoretical and empirical conceptualization and the development of the Authenticity Scale. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 55(3), 385. [CrossRef]
  • Yalom, I. D. (2000). Existential psychotherapy (Translation Edit. Z. İ. Babayiğit). Ankara: Kabalcı Publishing House. [CrossRef]
  • Yohannes, A. M., & Alexopoulos, G. S. (2014). Depression and anxiety in patients with COPD. Eur Respir Rev, 23(133), 345-9. [PubMed]
There are 52 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Health Promotion
Journal Section Original Article
Authors

Abdullah Mert 0000-0003-0653-2297

Project Number Yok
Early Pub Date July 17, 2024
Publication Date July 25, 2024
Submission Date April 1, 2024
Acceptance Date June 20, 2024
Published in Issue Year 2024

Cite

APA Mert, A. (2024). Effect of Self-Differentiation on Trait Anxiety and Authenticity of University Students. International Journal of Disabilities Sports and Health Sciences, 7(4), 796-803. https://doi.org/10.33438/ijdshs.1463144
AMA Mert A. Effect of Self-Differentiation on Trait Anxiety and Authenticity of University Students. International Journal of Disabilities Sports &Health Sciences. July 2024;7(4):796-803. doi:10.33438/ijdshs.1463144
Chicago Mert, Abdullah. “Effect of Self-Differentiation on Trait Anxiety and Authenticity of University Students”. International Journal of Disabilities Sports and Health Sciences 7, no. 4 (July 2024): 796-803. https://doi.org/10.33438/ijdshs.1463144.
EndNote Mert A (July 1, 2024) Effect of Self-Differentiation on Trait Anxiety and Authenticity of University Students. International Journal of Disabilities Sports and Health Sciences 7 4 796–803.
IEEE A. Mert, “Effect of Self-Differentiation on Trait Anxiety and Authenticity of University Students”, International Journal of Disabilities Sports &Health Sciences, vol. 7, no. 4, pp. 796–803, 2024, doi: 10.33438/ijdshs.1463144.
ISNAD Mert, Abdullah. “Effect of Self-Differentiation on Trait Anxiety and Authenticity of University Students”. International Journal of Disabilities Sports and Health Sciences 7/4 (July 2024), 796-803. https://doi.org/10.33438/ijdshs.1463144.
JAMA Mert A. Effect of Self-Differentiation on Trait Anxiety and Authenticity of University Students. International Journal of Disabilities Sports &Health Sciences. 2024;7:796–803.
MLA Mert, Abdullah. “Effect of Self-Differentiation on Trait Anxiety and Authenticity of University Students”. International Journal of Disabilities Sports and Health Sciences, vol. 7, no. 4, 2024, pp. 796-03, doi:10.33438/ijdshs.1463144.
Vancouver Mert A. Effect of Self-Differentiation on Trait Anxiety and Authenticity of University Students. International Journal of Disabilities Sports &Health Sciences. 2024;7(4):796-803.


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