Pre and Post Competition Psychology and its Relationship with Competition Results in Lawn Bowl Disabilities Athletes in Asian Paragames 2022

Year 2024, , 1239 - 1247, 25.11.2024

İsıslahuzzaman Nuryadin Batista Nila Marberliantia Rumi Doewes

https://doi.org/10.33438/ijdshs.1515598

Abstract

This research purpose was investigated the psychology of disabilities athletes before and after the competition and the relationship with the results of the lawn bowl competition at the Asian Paragames 2022. The research method used is a survey. The 12 blind athletes (6 men and 6 women) participating in this study were aged 37.67±11.07 years, weight 68.58±10.13 kg, height 165.00±7.07 cm, and had 3.19±1.06 years of experience playing lawn bowls. Data analysis was carried out using paired t-test and regression analysis with significance at p<0.05. The results of the paired t-test revealed significant differences before and after the competition in athletic identity (p = 0.000), anxiety (p = 0.000), self-efficacy in sports (p = 0.000), expectations of success (p = 0.000), and mood profile (p = 0.000). The results of the regression analysis revealed that the regression model which included anxiety, athletic identity, expectations of success, self-efficacy in sports, and mood profile was significant for competition outcomes (F = 101.75, p = 0.000), with 99.92% of competition outcomes explained by variations in psychological variables (R square = 0.992). Based on the relationship, only anxiety shown a negative relationship to the competition results with a regression coefficient of -3.102 for anxiety-state and -0.723 for anxiety-trait. In conclusion, improvements are needed in athletic identity, self-efficacy, expectancy of success, and a positive mood profile to reduce the anxiety level before competition then improve competition performance better in lawn bowl athletes.

Keywords

Psychology, Competition, Lawn Bowl

Supporting Institution

sebelas maret university

Thanks

sebelas maret university

References

• Andrade, A., Silva, R. B., Flores Junior, M. A., Rosa, C. B., & Dominski, F. H. (2019). Changes in mood states of Brazilian jiu-jitsu athletes during training and competition. Sport Sciences for Health, 15, 469-475. [CrossRef]
• Bačanac, L., Milićević-Marinković, B., Kasum, G., & Marinković, M. (2014). Competitive anxiety, self-confidence and psychological skills in top athletes with and without disabilities: Pilot study. Facta Universitatis, Series: Physical Education and Sport, 59-70
• Blumenstein, B., & Orbach, I. (2015). Psychological preparation for Paralympic athletes: A preliminary study. Adapted Physical Activity Quarterly, 32(3), 241-255. [PubMed]
• Cox, A. E., & Whaley, D. E. (2004). The influence of task value, expectancies for success, and identity on athletes' achievement behaviors. Journal of Applied Sport Psychology, 16(2), 103-117. [CrossRef]
• Dieffenbach, K. D., & Statler, T. A. (2012). More similar than different: The psychological environment of Paralympic sport. Journal of Sport Psychology in Action, 3(2), 109-118. [CrossRef]
• Ferreira, J. P. L., Chatzisarantis, N., Caspar, P. M., & Campos, M. J. (2007). Precompetitive anxiety and self-confidence in athletes with disability. Perceptual and motor skills, 105(1), 339-346.
• Ghorbanzadeh, B., & Bayar, P. A. (2013). Comparison of the Pre-Competition and Post-Competition Anxiety Levels of Taekwondo Athletes. Life Science Journal, 10(2), 5-10.
• Gorsuch, R. L., Lushene, R., Vagg, P. R., & Jacobs, G. A. (2018). State-Trait Anxiety Inventory for Adults: Instrument and Scoring Key. U.S: Mind Garden, Inc.
• Grove, J. R., & Prapavessis, H. (1992). Preliminary evidence for the reliability and validity of an abbreviated Profile of Mood States. International Journal of Sport Psychology, 23, 93-109.
• Guerrero, M., & Martin, J. (2018). Para sport athletic identity from competition to retirement: A brief review and future research directions. Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Clinics, 29(2), 387-396. [PubMed]
• Koper, M., Nadolska, A., Urbański, P., & Wilski, M. (2020). Relationship between pre-competition mental state and sport result of disabled boccia athletes. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(21), 8232. [PubMed]
• Kwon, T., Shin, S., & Shin, M. (2022). The effect of observational learning on self-efficacy by sport competition condition, performance level of team members, and whether you win or lose. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(16), 10148. [PubMed]
• Martin, J. J. (2002). Training and performance self-efficacy, affect, and performance in wheelchair road racers. The Sport Psychologist, 16(4), 384-395. [CrossRef]
• Martin, J. J., Malone, L. A., & Hilyer, J. C. (2011). Personality and mood in women’s Paralympic basketball champions. Journal of Clinical Sport Psychology, 5(3), 197-210. [CrossRef]
• Pensgaard, A. M., Roberts, G. C., & Ursin, H. (1999). Motivational factors and coping strategies of Norwegian Paralympic and Olympic winter sport athletes. Adapted Physical Activity Quarterly, 16(3), 238-250. [CrossRef]
• Proios, M. (2012). Factor validity of the Athletic Identity Measurement Scale in a Greek sample. International Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 10(4), 305-313. [CrossRef]
• Pumpuang, W., Chusakul, C., & Popa, A. (2023, June). Competitive anxiety in athletes with disabilities: a systematic review. In Proceedings of the 8th ACPES (ASEAN Council of Physical Education and Sport) International Conference, ACPES 2022, October 28th–30th, 2022, Medan, North Sumatera, Indonesia.
• Rodrigues, D. F., Silva, A., Rosa, J. P. P., Ruiz, F. S., Veríssimo, A. W., Winckler, C., & de Mello, M. T. (2017). Profiles of mood states, depression, sleep quality, sleepiness, and anxiety of the Paralympic athletics team: A longitudinal study. Apunts. Medicina de l'Esport, 52(195), 93-101. [CrossRef]
• Silk, A. J., Hammond, J., & Weatherby, R. P. (2006). ‘Resting Toucher’: A Time and Motion Analysis of Elite Lawn Bowls. Journal of Sports Science & Medicine, 5(4), 582. [PubMed]
• Skučas, K. (2014). Athletic identity and self-esteem of wheelchair basketball players. Baltic journal of sport and health sciences, (4), 40-43. [CrossRef] Tasiemski, T., Urmanski, P., & Wilski, M. (2013). Athletic identity and sport performance in athletes with disabilities participating in the Paracanoeing World Championship. Int. J. Sport Psychol, 44(5), 458-470. [CrossRef]
• Terry, P. C., & Slade, A. (1995). Discriminant effectiveness of psychological state measures in predicting performance outcome in karate competition. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 81(1), 275-286. [PubMed]
• Warner, L. M., Schüz, B., Wolff, J. K., Parschau, L., Wurm, S., & Schwarzer, R. (2014). Sources of self-efficacy for physical activity. Health Psychology, 33(11), 1298. [PubMed]
• Wilson, M. A., & Stephens, D. E. (2005). Great expectations: How do athletes of different expectancies attribute their perception of personal athletic performance?. Journal of Sport Behavior, 28(4), 392-407.
• Xiang, P., McBride, R., Guan, J., & Solmon, M. (2003). Children's motivation in elementary physical education: An expectancy-value model of achievement choice. Research quarterly for exercise and sport, 74(1), 25-35. [PubMed]