Understanding The Perspectives of Women on Pilates Through The Use Of Metaphors

Year 2023, Volume: 6 Issue: 3, 287 - 295, 25.10.2023

Bekir Erhan Orhan Dilek Uzunçayır Aydın Karaçam

https://doi.org/10.33438/ijdshs.1275378

Abstract

This study aimed to gain insight into the perspectives of women who practice Pilates by analyzing the metaphors they use to describe the exercise. The study involved 218 women who attended Pilates classes at the Istanbul Gaziosmanpaşa Municipality facilities thrice a week for sixty minutes each time. The research utilized a qualitative model involving a systematic content analysis and descriptive analysis of the qualitative data to understand the participants' viewpoints through metaphors. The participants, mainly comprised of females, provided 218 codes through their use of metaphors, with some codes overlapping. The codes were then organized into eight categories: Mood, Consciousness, Relaxation, Body awareness, Self-confidence, Energy, Happiness, and Therapy, which ultimately led to the formation of two themes, Psychological and Physical. After analyzing the metaphors, it was evident that the participants had a generally positive view of Pilates and that they believed it contributed positively to their health and well-being, both physically and psychologically. In conclusion, the study revealed that the participants perceived Pilates as a beneficial contributor to their overall wellness.

Keywords

Physical Activity, Quality of Life, Psychological Health

References

• Akbas, E., & Erdem, E. U. (2016). Does the Pilates-based approach provide additional benefit over traditional physiotherapy in the management of rotator cuff tendinopathy? A randomized controlled trial. Ann Sports Med Res, 3(6), 1083.
• Anderson, B. D., & Spector, A. (2000). Introduction to Pilates- based rehabilitation. Orthopaedic Physical Therapy Clinics of North America, 9(3), 395-410.
• Baltacı, A. (2017). Miles-Huberman Model in Qualitative Data Analysis. Ahi Evran University Journal of Social Sciences Institute; 3(1), 1-14.
• Berelson, B. (1952). Content analysis in communication research.
• Caldwell, K., Harrison, M., Adams, M., & Triplett, N. T. (2009). Effect of Pilates and taiji quan training on self-efficacy, sleep quality, mood, and physical performance of college students. Journal of bodywork and movement therapies, 13(2), 155-163.
• Connelly, L. M. (2016). Trustworthiness in qualitative research. Medsurg Nursing; 25(6), 435.
• De Araújo, M. E. A., da Silva, E. B., Mello, D. B., Cader, S. A., Salgado, A. S. I., & Dantas, E. H. M. (2012). The effectiveness of the Pilates method: reducing the degree of non-structural scoliosis, and improving flexibility and pain in female college students. Journal of bodywork and movement therapies, 16(2), 191-198.
• De Siqueira Rodrigues, B. G., Cader, S. A., Torres, N. V. O. B., de Oliveira, E. M., & Dantas, E. H. M. (2010). Pilates method in personal autonomy, static balance and quality of life of elderly females. Journal of bodywork and movement therapies, 14(2), 195-202.
• Da Silva, L. D., Shiel, A., Sheahan, J., & McIntosh, C. (2022). Six weeks of Pilates improved functional mobility, postural balance and spatiotemporal parameters of gait to decrease the risk of falls in healthy older adults. Journal of bodywork and movement therapies, 29, 1-9.
• Denzin, N. K.; Lincoln, Y. S. Introduction: The discipline and practice of qualitative research, 2008. Duyan, M., Ilkim, M., & Çelik, T. (2022). The Effect of Social Appearance Anxiety on Psychological Well-Being: A Study on Women Doing Regular Pilates Activities. Pakistan Journal of Medical & Health Sciences, 16(02), 797-797. Eysenbach, G.; Köhler, C. (2002). How do consumers search for and appraise health information on the world wide web? Qualitative study using focus groups, usability tests, and in-depth interviews. Bmj; 324(7337), 573-577.
• Faria, L., & Silva, S. (2000). Efeitos do exercício físico na promoção do auto-conceito.
• Gallagher, S., & Kryzanowska, R. (2000). The Joseph H. Pilates Archive Collection.
• García-Garro, P. A., Hita-Contreras, F., Martínez-Amat, A., Achalandabaso-Ochoa, A., Jiménez-García, J. D., Cruz-Díaz, D., & Aibar-Almazán, A. (2020). Effectiveness of a pilates training program on cognitive and functional abilities in postmenopausal women. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(10), 3580.
• Holsti, O. R. (1969). Content analysis for the social sciences and humanities. Reading. MA: Addison-Wesley (content analysis).
• Karaman, A., Yuksel, I., Kinikli, G. I., & Caglar, O. (2017). Do Pilates-based exercises following total knee arthroplasty improve postural control and quality of life? Physiotherapy theory and practice, 33(4), 289-295.
• Kovecses, Z.(2010)Metaphor: A practical introduction. Oxford university press.
• Krippendorff, K. (1980). Validity in content analysis.
• Kvale, S. (1994). Ten standard objections to qualitative research interviews. Journal of phenomenological psychology; 25(2), 14 -173.
• LaBrusciano, G., & Lonergan, S. (1996). One-On-One: Pilates™: A Method Ahead of Its Time. Strength & Conditioning Journal, 18(4), 74-76.
• Lakoff, G. and Johnson, M. (2008). Metaphors we live by. University of Chicago press.
• Lange, C., Unnithan, V. B., Larkam, E., & Latta, P. M. (2000). Maximizing the benefits of Pilates-inspired exercise for learning functional motor skills. Journal of bodywork and Movement Therapies, 4(2), 99-108. Latey, P. (2001). The Pilates method: history and philosophy. Journal of bodywork and movement therapies, 5(4), 275-282.
• Marshall, C.; Rossman, G.B. (2014). Designing qualitative research. Sage publications.
• Merriam, S.B.; Grenier, R.S. (Eds.). (2019). Qualitative research in practice: Examples for discussion and analysis. John Wiley & Sons.
• Miles, M.B. and Huberman, A.M. (1994). Qualitative data analysis: An expanded sourcebook. Sage.
• Mokhtari, M., Nezakatalhossaini, M., & Esfarjani, F. (2013). The effect of 12-week pilates exercises on depression and balance associated with falling in the elderly. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 70, 1714-1723.
• Morgan, R. J. (1998). " Just like Rosa": History and Metaphor in the Life of a Seventeenth-Century Peruvian Saint. Biography; 21(3), 275-310.
• Morse, J.M. (2016). Mixed method design: Principles and procedures. Routledge.
• Pastor, T.G. (2009). Efecto de la práctica del método Pilates (Doctoral dissertation, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha).
• Patton, M.Q. Qualitative evaluation and research methods. SAGE Publications, inc., 1990.
• Pilates, J.H., & Miller, W. J. (1945). Return to life through contrology. Ravenio Books.,
• Patti, A., Zangla, D., Sahin, F. N., Cataldi, S., Lavanco, G., Palma, A., & Fischietti, F. (2021). Physical exercise and prevention of falls. Effects of a Pilates training method compared with a general physical activity program: A randomized controlled trial. Medicine, 100(13).
• Reyneke, D. (1993). The Pilates method of exercise and rehabilitation. Physiother Sport, 18(3), 19. Saban, A. (2008). Metaphors about school. Educational Administration: Theory and Practice, 55(55), 459-496. Silverman, D. (Ed.). Qualitative research. Sage, 2020.
• Şimşek, H., & Yıldırım, A. (2016). Qualitative research methods in social sciences. Ankara: Seçkin Yayıncılık. Smith, K., & Smith, E. (2005). Integrating Pilates-based core strengthening into older adult fitness programs: implications for practice. Topics in Geriatric Rehabilitation, 21(1), 57-67. Stanko, E. (2002). The role of modified Pilates in women's health physiotherapy. Journal-Association Of Chartered Physiotherapists In Womens Health, 21-32.
• Strauss, A.; Corbin, J. Basics of qualitative research. Sage publications, 1990. Thornborrow, J.; Wareing, S. (1998). Patterns in language: An introduction to language and literary style. Psychology Press.
• Tomruk, M.S., Uz, M Z., Kara, B., & İdiman, E. (2016). Effects of Pilates exercises on sensory interaction, postural control and fatigue in patients with multiple sclerosis. Multiple sclerosis and related disorders, 7, 70-73.
• Tremblay, M.S., Carson, V., Chaput, J. P., Connor Gorber, S., Dinh, T., Duggan, M., ... & Zehr, L. (2016). Canadian 24-hour movement guidelines for children and youth: an integration of physical activity, sedentary behaviour, and sleep. Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism, 41(6), S311-S327.
• Ungaro, A., & Sadur, R. (2002). Pilates: Body in motion (p. 176). London: Dorling Kindersley.
• Valois, RF.., Zullig, K. J., Huebner, E.S., & Drane, J.W. (2004). Physical activity behaviors and perceived life satisfaction among public high school adolescents. Journal of school health, 74(2), 59-65.
• Wolcott, H. F. Transforming qualitative data: Description, analysis, and interpretation. Sage,1994. Yıldırım, K. (2010). Raising the quality in qualitative research. Elementary Education Online, 9(1).