The Role of Sport in Acceptance of Disability and Resilience
Year 2023,
Volume: 6 Issue: 3, 373 - 385, 25.10.2023
İsmail Aktaş
,
Ekrem Levent İlhan
Abstract
It is claimed that sport is an influential mechanism that could withstand against a great many negativities with regard to life for disabled people. To this end, the purpose of the current study was to investigate the relationship between the acceptance of disability and resilience levels of athletes and non-athletes. The group of the research was made up of 140 athletes and 165 non-athletes (90 female, 215 male). In this study, which was designed in a descriptive research model, Acceptance Disability Scale (ADS) and Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC) were used as the data collection tools. It was found that both the acceptance of disability and the resilience levels of athletes were high compared to disabled ones and that there was a significant difference (p<0.01). In addition, it has been understood that the average scores of individuals who are successful in international competitions are higher than those who are successful in national competitions. It was concluded that there is a good level of positive relationship between acceptance of disability and resilience levels. As a result, the sport seemed to affect both acceptance of disability and resilience significantly.
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doi:10.1097/PHM.0000000000000263
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Year 2023,
Volume: 6 Issue: 3, 373 - 385, 25.10.2023
İsmail Aktaş
,
Ekrem Levent İlhan
References
- Aceron, S., & Savage, T. A. (2004). Factors affecting the adjustment to disability for new immigrants. Topics in Stroke Rehabilitation, 11(3), 67-74. doi:10.1310/T70F-30KV-UED2-B7WQ
- Ahn, H., Lee, K., & So, Y. (2021). The mediating effect of disability acceptance in individuals with spinal cord injury participating in sport for all. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(20), 10883. doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182010883
- Araten-Bergman, T., Tal-Katz, P., & Stein, M. A. (2015). Psychosocial adjustment of Israeli veterans with disabilities: Does employment status matter? Work, 50(1), 59-71. doi:10.3233/wor-141925
- Attawong, T., & Kovindha, A. (2005). The influencing factors of acceptance of disability in spinal cord injuries patients. Nepal Journal of Neuroscience, 2, 67-70.
- Beder, J. (2014). When They Return From Afghanistan/Iraq: Acceptance of Loss Due to War Injury. Journal of Archives in Military Medicine, 2(2). e18551 doi: 10.5812/jamm.18551
- Benson, E., & Jones, G. (1992). Psychological implications of physical activity in individuals with physical disabilities. In T. Williams, L. Almond, & A. Sparkes (Eds.), Sport and physical activity: moving towards excellence: the proceedings of the AIESEP World Convention, July 20-25, 1990, Loughborough University, UK. (pp. 278-283). London: E & FN Spon Ltd.
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Connor, K. M., & Davidson, J. R. (2003). Development of a new resilience scale: the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC). Depression and Anxiety, 18(2), 76-82. doi:10.1002/da.10113
- Cooper, R. A. (1990). Wheelchair racing sports science: a review. Journal of Rehabilitation Research & Development, 27(3), 295-312.
- Crocker, P. R., & Bouffard, M. (1992). Perceived challenge in physical activity by individuals with physical disabilities: The relationship between appraisal and affect. Adapted Physical Activity Quarterly, 9(2), 130-140. doi:10.1123/apaq.9.2.130
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- Fujikawa, M., Lee, E.-J., Chan, F., Catalano, D., Hunter, C., & Bengston, K. (2013). The Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale as a Positive Psychology Measure for People With Spinal Cord Injuries. Rehabilitation Research, Policy & Education, 27(3). doi:10.1891/2168-6653.27.3.213
- Giacobbi, P. R., Hardin, B., Frye, N., Hausenblas, H. A., Sears, S., & Stegelin, A. (2006). A multi-level examination of personality, exercise, and daily life events for individuals with physical disabilities. Adapted Physical Activity Quarterly, 23(2), 129-147. doi:10. 1123/apaq.23.2.129
- Goodwin, D. L., Thurmeier, R., & Gustafson, P. (2004). Reactions to the metaphors of disability: The mediating effects of physical activity. Adapted Physical Activity Quarterly, 21(4), 379-398. doi:10.1123/ apaq.21.4.379
- Groomes, D. A. G., & Leahy, M. J. (2002). The relationships among the stress appraisal process, coping disposition, and level of acceptance of disability. Rehabilitation Counseling Bulletin, 46(1), 15-24. doi:10. 1177/00343552020460010101
- Groomes, D. A. G., & Linkowski, D. C. (2007). Examining the structure of the revised acceptance disability scale. Journal of Rehabilitation, 73(3), 3-9.
- Harrington, D. (2009). Confirmatory factor analysis. New York: Oxford University Press.
Heinemann, A. W., Goranson, N., Ginsburg, K., & Schnoll, S. (1989). Alcohol-Use and Activity Patterns Following Spinal-Cord Injury. Rehabilitation Psychology, 34(3), 191-205. doi:10.1037/h0091723
- Henschen, K., Horvat, M., & French, R. (1984). A visual comparison of psychological profiles between able-bodied and wheelchair athletes. Adapted Physical Activity Quarterly, 1(2), 118-124. doi:10.1123 /apaq .1.2.118
- İlhan, E. L. (2010). The culture of sedentary lives and its results. Verimlilik Dergisi, 10(3), 195-210.
- İlhan, E. L., & Suveren, S. (2010, Nov). An alternatıve openıng out for dısabled people: (Boccia). Paper presented at the 11. International Sport Sience Congress, Antalya.
http://www.sporbilim.com/dosyalar/SBK_poster_presentations.pdf
- Karaırmak, Ö. (2007). Investigation of personal qualities contributing to psychological resilience among earthquake survivors: A model testing study. (Unpublished doctoral dissertation), Department of Educational Sciences, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey.
- Karaırmak, Ö. (2010). Establishing the psychometric qualities of the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC) using exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis in a trauma survivor sample. Psychiatry Research, 179(3), 350-356. doi:10.1016/j. psychres.2009.09.012
- Karataş, K. (2002). Engellilerin toplumla bütünleşme sorunları: Bir sosyal politika yaklaşımı. Ufkun Ötesi Bilim Dergisi, 2(2), 43-55.
- Kırımoğlu, H., İlhan, E. L., & Çağlayan, H. S. (2011). Evaluation Of Social Skill Levels Of Wheelchair Basketball Players. Paper presented at the Fourth Annual Internatıonal Conference: Physical Education, Sport and Health, Pitesti. doi:10.7752/pesh.2011.15052
- Kırımoğlu, H., İlhan, E. L., Kayıhan, G., Aksoy, U. M., & Yılmaz, A. (2016). Evaluation of dissociative life of male athletes in some disability sportive branches. Journal of Human Sciences, 13(1), 1786-1791. doi:10.14687/ijhs.v13i1.3643
- Kline, R. B. (2015). Principles and practice of structural equation modeling. New York: Guilford Press.
- Laferrier, J. Z., Teodorski, E., & Cooper, R. A. (2015). Investigation of the Impact of Sports, Exercise, and Recreation Participation on Psychosocial Outcomes in a Population of Veterans with Disabilities: A Cross-sectional Study. American Journal of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, 94(12), 1026-1034.
doi:10.1097/PHM.0000000000000263
- Li, L., & Moore, D. (1998). Acceptance of disability and its correlates. The Journal of Social Psychology, 138(1), 13-25. doi:10. 1080/00224549809600349
- Linkowski, D. C. (1971). A scale to measure acceptance of disability. Rehabilitation Counseling Bulletin, 14(4), 236-244.
- Little, R. J. A. (1988). A Test of Missing Completely at Random for Multivariate Data with Missing Values. Journal of the American Statistical Association, 83(404), 1198-1202. doi:10.1080/01621459.1988.10478722
- Martin, J. J. (2005). Sport psychology consulting with athletes with disabilities. Sport and Exercise Psychology Review, 1(2), 32-39.
- Martin, J. J. (2006). Psychosocial aspects of youth disability sport. Adapted Physical Activity Quarterly, 23(1), 65-77. doi:10.1123/ apaq. 23.1.65
- Martin, J. J. (2008). Multidimensional self-efficacy and affect in wheelchair basketball players. Adapted Physical Activity Quarterly, 25(4), 275-288. doi:10.1123/apaq.25.4.275
- Martin, J.J. (2015). Determinants of elite disability sport performance. Kinesiology Review, 4(1), 91-98. doi:10.1123/kr.2014-0082
- McCracken, L. M., & Zhao-O'Brien, J. (2010). General psychological acceptance and chronic pain: There is more to accept than the pain itself. European Journal of Pain, 14(2), 170-175. doi:10.1016/j.ejpain.2009.03.004
- Mellalieu, S. D., Hanton, S., & Fletcher, D. (2006). A competitive anxiety review: Recent directions in sport psychology research. In S. Hanton & S. D. Mellalieu (Eds.), Literature reviews in sport psychology (pp. 1-45). New York: Nova Science Publishers.
- Mellalieu, S. D., Neil, R., Hanton, S., & Fletcher, D. (2009). Competition stress in sport performers: stressors experienced in the competition environment. Journal of Sports Sciences, 27(7), 729-744. doi:10.1080/02640410902889834
- Mira, T., Costa, A. M., Jacinto, M., Diz, S., Monteiro, D., Rodrigues, F., ... & Antunes, R. (2023). Well-Being, Resilience and Social Support of Athletes with Disabilities: A SystematicReview. BehavioralSciences, 13(5), 389. doi.org/10.3390 /bs1 3050389
- Nişli M.Y., Şirinkan, A., Acar, Z.A., Öz Nişli, E. and Toy, H. (2021). The Investigation of Acquisition Sufficiency of Physical Education Lesson Aims in A Special Education School in Turkey: A Pilot Study. Int J Disabil Sports Health Sci;4(1):24-37. https://doi.org/10.33438/ijdshs.800381
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