The Influence of Imagery and Agility Training on Athletes Futsal Goalkeeper Reaction Time Metro City Senior High School

Year 2024, Volume: 7 Issue: 1, 21 - 33, 25.01.2024

Erick Burhaeın , Riyan Jaya Sumantri

https://doi.org/10.33438/ijdshs.1330592

Cited By: 1

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to determine: (1) Differences in the effects of image training methods using audiovisual and visual means on reaction time. (2) the difference between the effects of high agility and low response time; (3) Interaction between image and agility training model on reaction time of futsal goalkeepers. This study used experimental methods with a quantitative approach in a 2x2 factorial design and took a target sample, ie 24 students out of a total of 90 students. The data analysis method used was a two-way ANOVA test using the SPSS 23 program with a significance level of 5%. The results showed that: (1) There was a difference in the effect of image training methods using audiovisual media and visual media on reaction time, with a significance value of 0.001<0.05; (2) There is a difference between the effects of high mobility and short reaction time, with significant values of 0.018 < 0.05; (3) For reaction time of futsal goalkeepers, there is an interaction between imagination and agility training models with significant values of 0.373 > 0.05. The conclusions in this study are: (1) There is a difference in the effects of audiovisual imagery training and visual imagery training on the reaction time of goalkeepers in futsal players ; (2) Effects of high and low agility on goalkeeper reaction time in futsal athletes ; (3) Synergistic effects of imagination and agility training on goalkeeper reaction time in futsal players.

Keywords

Futsal, Goalkeeper, Imagery, Agility

References

• Agras, H., Ferragut, C., & Abraldes, J.A. (2016). Match analysis in futsal: a systematic review. International Journal of Performance Analysis in Sport, 16(2), 652–686. [CrossRef]
• Akbar, M. F., Priambodo, A., & Jannah, M. (2019). Pengaruh Latihan Imagery Dan Tingkat Konsentrasi Terhadap Peningkatan Keterampilan Lay Up Shoot Bola Basket Sman 1 Menganti Gresik. Jp.jok (Jurnal Pendidikan Jasmani, Olahraga dan Kesehatan), 2(2), 1–13. [CrossRef]
• Birren, J. E., & Schaie, K. (2021). Handbook of the psychology of aging. 6thedition. Elsevier Academic Press.ISBN.
• Borges, L., Dermargos, A., Gorjão, R., Cury-Boaventura, M. F., Hirabara, S.M., & Abad, C.C. (2021). Updating futsal physiology, immune system, and performance. Res Sports Med. In, press:1–18, 1–18. [PubMed]
• Büchel, D., Gokeler, A., Heuvelmans, P., & Baumeister, J. (2022). Increased Cognitive Demands Affect Agility Performance in Female Athletes - Implications for Testing and Training of Agility in Team Ball Sports. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 129(4), 1074–1088. [PubMed]
• Budiyono. (2009). Statistika Untuk Penelitian. UNS press.
• Chang, Y. K., Pan, C. Y., Chen, F. T., Tsai, C. L., & Huang, C. C. (2011). Effect of resistance-exercise training on cognitive function in healthy older adults: A review. Journal of Aging and Physical Activity, 497–517. [PubMed]
• Cumming, J., & Williams, S. E. (2013). Introducing the revised applied model of deliberate imagery use for sport, dance, exercise, and rehabilitation. Movement & Sport Sciences, 82(4), 69–81. [CrossRef]
• Darojat, F. A., & Hariadi, I. (2019). Pengaruh Latihan Speed Ladder Terhadap Peningkatan Kelincahan pada Peserta Ekstrakurikuler Tenis Meja. Indonesia Performance Journal, 3(1).https://doi.org/10.17977/um077v3i12019p33-38
• Der, G., & Deary, D. J. (2006). Age and sex differences in reaction time in adulthood. Results from the United Kingdom Health and Lifestyle Survey.Psychology And, Aging,21(1, 62–73. [PubMed]
• Dragijský, M., Malý, T., Bujnovský, D., Zahálka, F., Hank, M., & Malá, L. (2016). Level and differences of sprint acceleration among soccer players in three different age categories.Journal of. Journal of Physical Education and Sport, 16(2), 522–526. [CrossRef]
• Firmansyah, H. (2011). Perbedaan Pengaruh Latihan Imagery Dan Tanpa Latihan Imagery Terhadap Keterampilan Senam Dan Kepercayaan Diri Atlet. JORPRES, 7(7), 1–10.https://doi.org/10.21831/jorpres.v7i7.10271
• Frank, C., Bekemeier, K., & Menze-Sonneck, A. (2021). Imagery training in school-based physical education improves the performance and the mental representation of a complex action in comprehensive school students. Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 56, 101972. [CrossRef]
• Frank, C., Land, W. M., Popp, C., & Schack, T. (2014). Mental representation and mental practice: Experimental investigation on the functional links between motor memory and motor imagery. PloS One, 9, Article. [PubMed]
• Frank, C., Linstromberg, G.-L., Hennig, L., Heinen, T., & Schack, T. (2018). Team action imagery: Imagery of game situations and required team actions promotes a functional structure in players’ representations of team-level tactics. Journal of Sport & Exercise Psychology, 40, 20–30. [PubMed]
• Furley, P., Noël, B., & Memmert, D. (2017). Attention towards the goalkeeper and distraction during penalty shootouts in association football: A retrospective analysis of penalty shootouts from 1984 to 2012. Journal of Sports Sciences, 35(9), 873–879. [PubMed]
• Guillot, A., & Collet, C. (2008). Construction of the motor imagery integrative model in sport: A review and theoretical investigations of motor imagery use. International Review of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 1(1), 31–44. [CrossRef]
• Guillot, A., Rienzo, F., & Collet, C. (2012). The neurofunctional architecture of mental imagery. In T. D. Papageorgious, G. I. Christopoulos, & S. M (Eds.), Advanced Brain Neuroimaging Topics in Health and Disease – Methods and Applications.
• Hagovská, M., & Nagyová, I. (2017). The transfer of skills from cognitive and physical training to activities of daily living. A Randomized Controlled Study.European Journal Of, Ageing,14(, 133–142. [PubMed]
• Hammami, R., Sekulic, D., Selmi, M. A., Fadhloun, M., Spasic, M., & Uljevic, O. (2018). Maturity status as a determinant of the relationships between conditioning qualities and preplanned agility in young handball athletes. J. Strength Cond. [PubMed]
• Hardwick, R. M., Caspers, S., Eickhoff, S. B., & Swinnen, S. P. (2018). Neural correlates of action: Comparing meta-analyses of imagery, observation, and execution. Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews, 94, 31–44. [PubMed]
• Harsono. (2015). Kepelatihan olahraga. (teori dan metodologi). Bandung: Remaja Rosdakarya. 100.
• Hetu, S., Gregoire, M., Saimpont, A., Coll, M., Eugene, F., Michon, P., & Jackson, P. L. (2013). The neural network of motor imagery: An ALE meta-analysis. Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews, 37, 930–949. [PubMed]
• Huijgen, B. C., Leemhuis, S., Kok, N. M., Verburgh, L., Oosterlaan, J., Elferink-Gemser, M. T., & Visscher, C. (2015). Cognitive functions in elite and sub-elite youth soccer players aged 13 to 17 years. Plos One, 10(12). [PubMed]
• Irawadi, H. (2011). Kondisi Fisik dan Pengukurannya. In Kondisi Fisik dan Pengukurannya. FIK UNP.
• Jeannerod, M. (2006). Motor Cognition: What Actions Tell the Self. Oxford University Press. [CrossRef]
• Jevas, S., & Yan, J. H. (2001). The effect of aging on cognitive function: A preliminary quantitative review. Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport, Sport,72(4, 38–40. [PubMed]
• Jones-Wyatt, E., Domercant, J. C., & Mavris, D. N. (2013). A reliability-based measurement of interoperability for systems of systems. 2013 IEEE International Systems Conference (SysCon), 408–413. [CrossRef]
• Kosslyn, S. M., Thompson, W. L., Wraga, M., & Alpert, N. M. (2001). Imagining rotation by endogenous versus exogenous forces: Distinct neural mechanisms. NeuroReport, 12(11), 2519–2525. [PubMed]
• Lindsay, R., Spittle, M., & Larkin, P. (2019). The effect of mental imagery on skill performance in sport: A systematic review. Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport, 22(S2), S92. [CrossRef]
• Lloyd, R. S., Read, P., Oliver, J. L., Meyers, R. W., Nimphius, S., & I, J. (2013). Considerations for the development of agility during childhood and adolescence. Strength Cond. J, 35, 2–11. [CrossRef] Mackenzie, B. (2008). 101 Performance Evaluation Tests. Electric Word plc.
• Martin, K. A., Moritz, S. E., & Hall, C. R. (1999). Imagery Use in Sport: A Literature Review and Applied Model. The Sport Psychologist, 13(3), 245–268. [CrossRef] Mashud, M., Hamid, A., & Abdillah, S. (2019). Pengaruh Komponen Fisik Dominan Olahraga Futsal Terhadap Teknik Dasar Permainan Futsal. Gladi : Jurnal Ilmu Keolahragaan, 10(1), 28–38. [CrossRef]
• Maulana, Z., & Khairani, M. (2017). Kecemasan Bertanding Pada Atlet PON Aceh berdasarkan Jenis Aktivitas Olahraga. Jurnal Ilmiah Psikologi Terapan, 5(1), 97–106. https://doi.org/10.22219/jipt.v5i1.3814
• McNarry, M., & Jones, A. (2014). The influence of training status on the aerobic and anaerobic responses to exercise in children: A review. Eur. J. Sport Sci, 14,57–68. [PubMed]
• McNeil, D. G., Spittle, M., & Mesagno, C. (2021). Imagery training for reactive agility: Performance improvements for decision time but not overall reactive agility. International Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 19(3), 429–445. [CrossRef]
• Miyatake, N. (2012). Evaluation of whole body reaction time and one leg with. [CrossRef]
• Montesano, P. (2016). Goalkeeper in soccer: Performance and explosive strength.Journal of Physical Education and Sport. 16(ue 1), 230–233. [CrossRef]
• Morral-Yepes, M., Moras, G., Bishop, C., & Gonzalo-Skok, O. (2022). Assessing the Reliability and Validity of Agility Testing in Team Sports: A Systematic Review. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 36(7), 2035–2049. [PubMed]
• Mudayat. (2022). Penyuluhan Pentingnya Peningkatan Vo2max Guna Meningkatkan Kondisi Fisik Pemain Sepakbola. MULIA Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat, 1(1). Muhajir. (2004). Pendidikan Jasmani, Olahraga dan Kesehatan Jilid1. Erlangga. [CrossRef]
• Muñoz, A.S., Cayetano, A.R., Calle, R.C., Blanco, J.M.F., Ramos, J.M.D.M., & Vicente, R.A. (2017). Female Spanish athletes face precompetition anxiety at the highest levels of competition. Rev. Psicol. Deporte, 26, 39–44. https://www.redalyc.org/pdf/2351/235152047008.pdf
• Notoatmodjo. (2012). Metode Penelitian Kesehatan. Rineka Cipta.
• Nurhasan., H.D., & Hasanudin., D.D. (2014). Tes Dan Pengukuran Keolahragaan. In Tes dan Pengukuran Keolahragaan (p. 214). UPI.
• Nurwidawati, W. (2015). Hubungan Antara Kecemasan Bertanding Dan Dukungan Sosial Dengan Motivasi Berprestasi Pada Atlet Pencak Silat Perguruan Pencak Organisasi Sidoarjo. Character: Jurnal Penelitian Psikologi, 3(2). https://ejournal.unesa.ac.id/ index.php/character/article/view/10946
• Obetko, M., Peráček, P., Mıkulıč, M., & BABIC, M. (2020). Effect of selected types of warm-up on disjunctive reaction time of soccer goalkeepers. Journal of Physical Education and Sport ( JPES), 20(4), 257 1903–1908. [CrossRef]
• Otte, F. W., Millar, S. K., & Hutterman, S. (2019). How does the modern football goalkeeper train?An exploration ofexpert goalkeeper coachces‘ skill training approaches. Journal of Sports Sciences, 1–9 0264–0414. [PubMed]
• Pojskic, H., Åslin, E., Krolo, A., Jukic, I., Uljevic, O., Spasic, M., & Sekulic, D. (2018). Importance of Reactive Agility and Change of Direction Speed in Differentiating Performance Levels in Junior Soccer Players: Reliability and Validity of Newly Developed Soccer-Specific Tests. Frontiers in Physiology, 9(May), 506–511. [PubMed]
• Redita, B. I. L. (2021). Tingkat Kondisi Fisik Pada Pemain Futsal Puteri Accasia Kota Pekanbaru. Universitas Islam Riau.
• Sabilla, N. P., Rahayuni, K., Hanief, Y., & N. (2022). Pengembangan Latihan Imagery untuk Meningkatkan Kepercayaan Diri pada Atlet Renang Usia Remaja di Garuda Aquatic Swimming Club. Journal Of Sport Education (JOPE), 5(1), 69–80. https://doi.org/ 10.31258/jope.2.2.69-80
• Sariati, D., Hammami, R., Zouhal, H., Clark, C. C. T., Nebigh, A., Chtara, M., Chortane, S. G., Hackney, A. C., Souissi, N., Granacher, U., & Ounis, O. Ben. (2021). Improvement of Physical Performance Following a 6 Week Change-of-Direction Training Program in Elite Youth Soccer Players of Different Maturity Levels. Frontiers in Physiology, 12(652). [PubMed]
• Sartono, S., Suryaman, O., Hadiana, O., & ... (2020). Hipnoterapi untuk kecemasan: sebuah uji coba pada pemain sepakbola. Jurnal Sportıf. [CrossRef]
• Scheunemann, T. (2012). Kurikulum dan pedoman dasar sepakbola Indonesia. Jakarta: PSSI.
• Schmidt, R. A., & Wrisberg, C. A. (2010). Aprendizagem e performance motora: Uma aprendizagem baseada em situação. Artmed. Seif-Barghi, T., Kordi, R., Memari, A. H., Mansournia, M. A., & Jalali-Ghomi, M. (2012). The effect of an ecological imagery program on soccer performance of elite players. Asian Journal of Sports Medicine, 3(2), 81–89. [PubMed]
• Sekulic, D., Foretic, N., Gilic, B., Esco, M. R., Hammami, R., Uljevic, O., Versic, S., & Spasic, M. (2019). Importance of Agility Performance in Professional Futsal Players; Reliability and Applicability of Newly Developed Testing Protocols. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 16(18), 3246. [PubMed]
• Simonsmeier, B. A., Andronie, M., Buecker, S., & Frank, C. (2021). The effects of imagery interventions in sports: a meta-analysis. International Review of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 14(1), 186–207. [CrossRef]
• Singh, V., Prakash, S., Punia, S., & Kulandaivelan, S. (2017). Relationship between pre-competition anxiety and performance lev-els in inter-university women football teams. J Phys Educ, 4(5), 135–138. https://doi.org/10. 1016/j.psychsport
• Siswandari. (2009). Statistika Computer Based. LPP UNS Dan UNS Press.
• Slimani, M., & Nikolaidis, P. T. (2018). Anthropometric and physiological characteristics of male soccer players according to their competitive level, playing position and age group: a systematic review. The Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness, 59(1). [PubMed]
• Smpokos, E., Linardakis, M., & Mourikis, C. (2018). Differences in motor activities of Greek professional football players who play most of the season (2016/17). Journal of Physical Education and Sport, 18(ue Suppl. 1), 490–496. [CrossRef]
• Spasic, M., Krolo, A., Zenic, N., Delextrat, A., & Sekulic, D. (2015). Reactive Agility Performance in Handball; Development and Evaluation of a Sport-Specific Measurement Protocol. J Sports Sci Med, 14(3), 501–506. [PubMed]
• Spyrou, K., Freitas, T. T., Marín-Cascales, E., & Alcaraz, P. E. (2020). Physical and physiological match-play demands and player characteristics in futsal: A systematic review. Front Psychol, 11(569897). [PubMed]
• Sufriyanto, A., & Putra, Y. Y. (2019). Pengaruh Latihan Imagery Mental Terhadap Kepercayaan Diri Pada Atlet Sepakbola Kabupaten Kerinci. Jurnal Riset Psikologi, 3. https://doi.org/10.24036/jrp.v2019i3.6108
• Sugiyono P.D. (2017). Metode Penelitian Pendidikan (Pendekatan Kuwantitatif, Kuwalitatif, R&D). In Alfabbeta Pres (p. 277). Alfabeta. Sukar, N., Priambodo, A., & Nurkholis, N. (2019). Pengaruh Latihan Imagery dan Self Talk Terhadap Percaya Diri dan Konsentrasi Pada Siswa Ekstrakurikuler Bola Voli SMP N 51 Surabaya. Jendela Olahraga, 4(1). [CrossRef]
• Sumantri, R. J., & Anggara, M. (2022). The Effect of Circuit Training on Increasing Physical Fitness of Class VIII Students of SMPN 1 Metro. International Conference on Science, Education, and Technology, 8, 1106–1110. https://proceeding.unnes.ac.id/ISET/article/view/1901
• Sumantri, R. J., Soegiyanto, S., Rumini, R., Setyawati, H., Suryadi, D., & Suganda, M. A. (2023). PNF stretching and static stretching exercises: Efforts to increase the flexibility of the hamstring muscles in futsal players. Fizjoterapia Polska, 23(2), 96–103. [CrossRef]
• Tani, G. (2016). Arte e ciência da habilidade de não ser fintado (G. Tani & E. G. Koogan (eds.).
• Widiastutik. (2015). Tes dan Pengukuran Olahraga. PT Raja Grafindo Persada. Jakarta.
• Widiyono, I. P., & Mudiono. (2021). Keterampilan Dasar Futsal Peserta Ektrakurikuler di SMK Ma’arif 1 Kebumen Tahun Ajaran. Jumora: Jurnal Moderası Olahraga, 01(01).
• Zabicki, A., de Haas, B., Zentgraf, K., Stark, R., Munzert, J., & Krüger, B. (2017). Imagined and Executed Actions in the Human Motor System: Testing Neural Similarity Between Execution and Imagery of Actions with a Multivariate Approach. Cerebral Cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991), 27(9), 4523–4536. [PubMed]