Investigation Into The Stress-Coping Levels of Parents of Children with Autism Who Receive Physical Education
Year 2024,
Volume: 7 Issue: 3, 637 - 647, 25.05.2024
Menşure Aydın
,
Kemal Ulutürk
,
Aysel Pehlivan
,
Ayça Kaya
,
Sercan Karabacak
Abstract
The aim of the study is to evaluate the demographic characteristics, stress and coping with stress levels of families with children with autism who receive services from autism sports club associations depending on various factors. A total of 134 people, 97 women (49,65±6,15) and 37 men (49,40±6,28) participated in the study. Personal Information Form (PIS), Stress Coping Styles Scale (SCSS) and Parent Stress Scale (PSS) were used as data collection tools. SPSS 22 package program was used to analyze the data obtained. Percentage and frequency values were used to analyze demographic characteristics. The t-test was used for the gender variable of the SPSAS, One-Way Anova test was used for all other variables and Post Hoc Tukey test was used to determine the source of the difference. As a result of the study, there was no statistically significant difference between the sub-dimensions of the SBSAS according to the variables of gender, educational status and gender of the child with autism (p>0.05); when analyzed according to the age variable, a significant difference was found between the groups aged 25-35 years (2.66±0.58) and 45 years and over (2.30±0.71) in the helpless approach sub-dimension (p<0.05). A statistically significant difference was found in families with male children (50.29±5.66) in the comparison of the PBSS according to gender variable (p<0.05). According to the results of the study, it was found that parents felt more helpless as they got older and parents with male children with autism experienced more stress than parents with female children with autism.
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- Korkmaz, M., Yücel, A. S., Çelebi, N., & Kılıç, B. (2014). Investigation of stress coping methods of families with children aged 7-17 years with different developmental characteristics. International Journal of Family, Child and Education, 4(2), 16-44.
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- Özmen, S. , & Özmen, A.(2012) “Development of the parental stress scale.” Journal of National Education 42.196 (2012): 20-35.
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- Şahin N, Durak A. (1995). Stress coping styles scale; adaptation for university students. Turkish Psychiatry Journal.;10(34):56-73
- Şengül, S., & Baykan, H. (2013). Depression, anxiety and stress coping attitudes in mothers of mentally disabled children. Kocatepe Medical Journal, 14(1), 30-39.
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Year 2024,
Volume: 7 Issue: 3, 637 - 647, 25.05.2024
Menşure Aydın
,
Kemal Ulutürk
,
Aysel Pehlivan
,
Ayça Kaya
,
Sercan Karabacak
References
- Akçakın M. (2002), Gender Differences in Autism, Journal of Child and Youth Mental Health: 9(1).
- American Psychiatric Association. (2013). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders. Washington, DC: Author. The Linguistic and Cognitive Effects of Bilingualism on Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders, pp. 21, 175. [CrossRef]
- Arslan, K. (2020). Investigation of the factors affecting the resilience of families with children with autism. Doctoral Thesis, Hacettepe University, Ankara, 211p (in Turkish).
- Atılgan, S. A., & Kolburan, Ş. G. (2019). Examination of depression levels and depression coping strategies of mothers with autism and normally developing children. Aydın Health Journal, 5(2), 133-160.
- Aydın A. (2008), Adapting The Test of Pretend Play For Turkish Children and Comparing The Pretended Play Behaviors of Normally Developing, Autistic and Mentally Retarded Children. Doctoral Thesis, Marmara University, İstanbul, 195p (in Turkish).
- Aydın, İ., & Sarol, H. (2014). Investigation of the factors preventing the participation of individuals with autism in physical activity programs. International Journal of Sport Culture and Science, 2(Special Issue 1), 870-880. [CrossRef]
- Ayyıldız, T., Şener, D. K., Kulakçı, H., & Veren, F. (2012). Evaluation of stress coping methods of mothers with mentally disabled children. Ankara Journal of Health Services, 11(2), 1-12. [CrossRef]
- Baio, J. (2018). Prevalence of autism spectrum disorder among children aged 8 years-autism and developmental disabilities monitoring network, 11 sites, United States, 2014. MMWR, Surveillance Summaries, 67. [CrossRef]
- Bilal, E., & Dağ, İ. (2005). Comparison of stress, coping with stress and locus of control in mothers of children with and without educable mental disabilities. Journal of Child and Youth Mental Health, 12(2), 56-68.
- Büyüköztürk Ş., Çakmak E.K., Akgün Ö.E, Ş Karadeniz Ş (2016). Scientific Research Methods (2nd Edition), Pegem Akademi, Ankara. [CrossRef]
- Cengiz, Ş. Ş., Mustafa, B. A. Ş., & Elaltunkara, C. (2016). Investigation of stress and coping levels of parents with autistic children attending sports schools according to child-based variables. International Journal of Sport Culture and Science, 4(Special Issue 2), 439-453. : 10.14486/IntJSCS569
- Çan Aslan, Ç. (2010). Comparison of psychological symptoms, social support perceptions and stress coping styles of mothers and fathers with mentally disabled children. Master’s Thesis, Maltepe University. Institute of Social Sciences, Istanbul, 195p (in Turkish).
- Durukan, I., Erdem, M., Tufan, A. E., & Türkbay, T. (2010). Coping attitudes in mothers of children with autistic spectrum disorder and their relationship with depression and anxiety levels. Journal of Child and Youth Mental Health, 17(2): 75-82.
- Folkman, S., & Lazarus, R. S. (1985). If it changes, there must be a process: A study of emotion and coping during three phases of a college exam. Journal of personality and social psychology, 48(1), 150. [CrossRef]
- Fombonne, E., Quirke, S., & Hagen, A. (2011). Epidemiology of pervasive developmental disorders. In D. Amaral, D. Geschwind & G. Dawson (Eds.), Autism spectrum disorders (pp. 90-111). New York: Oxford University Press. [CrossRef]
- Güneysucu, J. (2010). Investigation of Stress Levels and Stressle Coping Tarzlarının İncelenmesi according to Socio-Demographic Variables of Fathers Having a Child with Trainable Mental Disabilities (Maltepe University Institute of Social Sciences. Master's Thesis), Istanbul, pp. 1-172.
- Halladay, A. K., Bishop, S., Constantino, J. N., Daniels, A. M., Koenig, K., Palmer, K., ... & Szatmari, P. (2015). Sex and gender differences in autism spectrum disorder: summarizing evidence gaps and identifying emerging priority areas. Molecular Autism, 6, 1-5. [CrossRef]
- Hastings, R. P. (2007). Longitudinal relationships between sibling behavior congruence and behavioral problems of children with developmental disabilities. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 37, 1485-1492. [CrossRef]
- Hiller, R. M., Young, R. L., & Weber, N. (2014). Sex differences in autism spectrum disorder based on DSM-5 criteria: Evidence from clinician and teacher reporting. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 42(8), 1381-1393. [CrossRef]
- Holtmann M, Bölte S, Poustka F. Autism spectrum disorders: Sex differences in autistic behavior domains and coexisting psychopathology. Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology. 2007;49(5):361–366. [CrossRef]
- Ince, G. (2017). The views of parents with children with autism spectrum disorder on sports. Ankara University Faculty of Educational Sciences Journal of Special Education, 18(1), 109-124. [CrossRef]
- Karadağ, G. (2014). Difficulties experienced by parents with children with special needs and solution suggestions. TAF Preventive Medicine Bulletin, 13(6): 491-494.
- Kaya, K., & Alp, H. (2022). Investigation of Research on the Importance of Physical Education and Sports in Children with Autism: Meta Analysis. International Sports Sciences Student Studies, 4(1), 1-7.
- Kaytez, N., Durualp, E., & Kadan, G. (2015). Examining the needs and stress levels of families with disabled children. Journal of Education and Training Research, 4(1), 197-214.
- Kizir, M. (2021). Distance family education practices in teaching communication skills to individuals with autism spectrum disorder. Ankara University Faculty of Educational Sciences Journal of Special Education, 22(1), 253-281.
- Koçhan, A. (2019). Examining the relationship between stress level, coping styles with stress, illness burden perceptions and wise awareness levels of parents with disabled children. Master's thesis, Başkent University, Ankara.
- Korkmaz, M., Yücel, A. S., Çelebi, N., & Kılıç, B. (2014). Investigation of stress coping methods of families with children aged 7-17 years with different developmental characteristics. International Journal of Family, Child and Education, 4(2), 16-44.
- Köksal, M., & Erciyes, J. C. (2021). Evaluation of psycho-social problems seen in families of children diagnosed with autism. Aydın Health Journal, 7(3), 235254. [CrossRef]
- McLennan, J. D., Lord, C., & Schopler, E. (1993). Sex differences in higher functioning people with autism. Journal of autism and developmental disorders, 23(2), 217-227. [Pubmed]
- Özmen, D., & Çetinkaya, A. (2012). Problems experienced by families with disabled children. Journal of Nursing Faculty, 28(3), 35-49.
- Özmen, S. , & Özmen, A.(2012) “Development of the parental stress scale.” Journal of National Education 42.196 (2012): 20-35.
- Ratto, A. B., Kenworthy, L., Yerys, B. E., Bascom, J., Wieckowski, A. T., White, S. W., ... & Anthony, L. G. (2018). What about the girls? Sex-based differences in autistic traits and adaptive skills. Journal of autism and developmental disorders, 48, 1698-1711. [Pubmed]
- Şahin N, Durak A. (1995). Stress coping styles scale; adaptation for university students. Turkish Psychiatry Journal.;10(34):56-73
- Şengül, S., & Baykan, H. (2013). Depression, anxiety and stress coping attitudes in mothers of mentally disabled children. Kocatepe Medical Journal, 14(1), 30-39.
- Töret, G., Özdemir, S., Selimoğlu, Ö. G., & Özkubat, U. (2014). Views of parents with children with autism: Autism definitions and causes of autism. Journal of Special Education, 15(01), 1-17. [CrossRef]
- Yıldırım, F., & Conk, Z. (2005). The effect of planned education on stress coping styles and depression levels of parents with children with intellectual disabilities. Cumhuriyet University School of Nursing Journal, 9(2), 1-10. [CrossRef]