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Empirical Evaluation of Wet -Term of Refractivity in Nigeria

Year 2010, Volume: 2 Issue: 2, 63 - 68, 01.06.2010

Abstract

This paper presents the evaluation of the wet-term of the surface refractivity for twenty three sites in Nigeria carefully selected such that there is wide coverage for the country using ten-year data collected from Nigeria Meteorological Agency. The analysis showed that the southern sites have higher N-wet values compared to the northern sites. 50 % of the time, wet term refractivity is higher than 100 N-units in the southern sites. However, six out of eleven northern sites considered have values less than 50 N-units during the dry season

References

  • 1. H. V Hitney, J. H Richter, R. A Pappert, K. D Anderson and G.B Baungartner Jr. “Tropospheric Radio propagation Assessment, Proc.IEEE,73 (1985) 265-283
  • 2. M. P. M. Hall, “Effects of the Troposphere on Radio Communication” Institute ofElectrical Engineers (1979).,
  • 3. P. Valtr and P. Pechac, “ Tropopheric Refraction Modelling Using Ray Tracing andParabolic Equation, Czech Technical University in Prague, Czech Republic.
  • 4. Anthony R.L., Chris Rocken, Sergey V. Sokolovskiy and Kenneth D. Anderson “VerticalProfiling of Atmospheric Refractivity from Groundbased GPS”. American Geophysical union (2002)
  • 5. Steven M. Babin “Surface Duct Height Distributions for Wallops Island Virginia, 1985-1994. American Meteorological Society (1996) 86-93
  • 6. Martin GRABNER, Vaclav KVICERA, “Refractive Index Measurement at TV-TowerPrague”. Radio Engineering, Vol. 12, No 1, (2003) 5-7
  • 7. Pedro Garcia, Jose M. Riera and Ana Benarroch, “Statistics of Dry And Wet Scintillationin Mandrid Using Intelsat 50 GHz Beacon”, Cost 280 PMS-013, 1st InternationalWorkshop (2002)
  • 8. Rec. ITU-R, “Propagation Data and Prediction Methods Required for the Design ofEarth-Space Telecommunication Systems” Rec. PN 618-7, InternationalTelecommunication Union, Geneva (2001)
  • 9. Karasawa, Y; Yamada, M. and Allnutt, “A New Prediction Method for TroposphericScintillation on Earth-Space Paths”, IEEE Trans. Antennas Propagation, Vol. 36, (Nov.,1988) 1608-1614
  • 10. Otung, I.E., “ Prediction of Tropospheric Amplitude Scintillation on a Satellite Link”,
  • IEEE Trans Antennas Propagation, Vol. 44, (Dec. 1996) 1600-1608 11. Orgies, G., “Prediction of Slant-Path Amplitude Scintillations from MeteorologicalParameters”, Proc of int. Symp. on radio Propagation, Beijing, China (Aug. 1993)
  • 12. ITU-R “Radio Refractive Index: its formula and refractivity data” Rec. P 453-9,International Telecommunication Union, Geneva (2003)
  • 13. Otolia Croitoru and Marian Alexandru, “Propagation effects in GPS Accuracy. Theprecision Improvement of positioning in real conditions of Propagation”. Electronics.Sozopol, Bulgaria (2004)
  • 14. Adediji, A.T., Ajewole, M.O., Fallout S.E and Oladosu, O.R,”Radio RefractivityMeasurement at 150m Altitude on TV Tower in Akure, South-West Nigeria” Journal ofEngineering and Applied Sciences 2(8), Medwell Journals, (2007) 1308-1313
Year 2010, Volume: 2 Issue: 2, 63 - 68, 01.06.2010

Abstract

References

  • 1. H. V Hitney, J. H Richter, R. A Pappert, K. D Anderson and G.B Baungartner Jr. “Tropospheric Radio propagation Assessment, Proc.IEEE,73 (1985) 265-283
  • 2. M. P. M. Hall, “Effects of the Troposphere on Radio Communication” Institute ofElectrical Engineers (1979).,
  • 3. P. Valtr and P. Pechac, “ Tropopheric Refraction Modelling Using Ray Tracing andParabolic Equation, Czech Technical University in Prague, Czech Republic.
  • 4. Anthony R.L., Chris Rocken, Sergey V. Sokolovskiy and Kenneth D. Anderson “VerticalProfiling of Atmospheric Refractivity from Groundbased GPS”. American Geophysical union (2002)
  • 5. Steven M. Babin “Surface Duct Height Distributions for Wallops Island Virginia, 1985-1994. American Meteorological Society (1996) 86-93
  • 6. Martin GRABNER, Vaclav KVICERA, “Refractive Index Measurement at TV-TowerPrague”. Radio Engineering, Vol. 12, No 1, (2003) 5-7
  • 7. Pedro Garcia, Jose M. Riera and Ana Benarroch, “Statistics of Dry And Wet Scintillationin Mandrid Using Intelsat 50 GHz Beacon”, Cost 280 PMS-013, 1st InternationalWorkshop (2002)
  • 8. Rec. ITU-R, “Propagation Data and Prediction Methods Required for the Design ofEarth-Space Telecommunication Systems” Rec. PN 618-7, InternationalTelecommunication Union, Geneva (2001)
  • 9. Karasawa, Y; Yamada, M. and Allnutt, “A New Prediction Method for TroposphericScintillation on Earth-Space Paths”, IEEE Trans. Antennas Propagation, Vol. 36, (Nov.,1988) 1608-1614
  • 10. Otung, I.E., “ Prediction of Tropospheric Amplitude Scintillation on a Satellite Link”,
  • IEEE Trans Antennas Propagation, Vol. 44, (Dec. 1996) 1600-1608 11. Orgies, G., “Prediction of Slant-Path Amplitude Scintillations from MeteorologicalParameters”, Proc of int. Symp. on radio Propagation, Beijing, China (Aug. 1993)
  • 12. ITU-R “Radio Refractive Index: its formula and refractivity data” Rec. P 453-9,International Telecommunication Union, Geneva (2003)
  • 13. Otolia Croitoru and Marian Alexandru, “Propagation effects in GPS Accuracy. Theprecision Improvement of positioning in real conditions of Propagation”. Electronics.Sozopol, Bulgaria (2004)
  • 14. Adediji, A.T., Ajewole, M.O., Fallout S.E and Oladosu, O.R,”Radio RefractivityMeasurement at 150m Altitude on TV Tower in Akure, South-West Nigeria” Journal ofEngineering and Applied Sciences 2(8), Medwell Journals, (2007) 1308-1313
There are 14 citations in total.

Details

Other ID JA65HN86KC
Journal Section Articles
Authors

O. Agunlejika This is me

T.I. Raji This is me

Publication Date June 1, 2010
Published in Issue Year 2010 Volume: 2 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Agunlejika, O., & Raji, T. (2010). Empirical Evaluation of Wet -Term of Refractivity in Nigeria. International Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences, 2(2), 63-68.
AMA Agunlejika O, Raji T. Empirical Evaluation of Wet -Term of Refractivity in Nigeria. IJEAS. June 2010;2(2):63-68.
Chicago Agunlejika, O., and T.I. Raji. “Empirical Evaluation of Wet -Term of Refractivity in Nigeria”. International Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences 2, no. 2 (June 2010): 63-68.
EndNote Agunlejika O, Raji T (June 1, 2010) Empirical Evaluation of Wet -Term of Refractivity in Nigeria. International Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences 2 2 63–68.
IEEE O. Agunlejika and T. Raji, “Empirical Evaluation of Wet -Term of Refractivity in Nigeria”, IJEAS, vol. 2, no. 2, pp. 63–68, 2010.
ISNAD Agunlejika, O. - Raji, T.I. “Empirical Evaluation of Wet -Term of Refractivity in Nigeria”. International Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences 2/2 (June 2010), 63-68.
JAMA Agunlejika O, Raji T. Empirical Evaluation of Wet -Term of Refractivity in Nigeria. IJEAS. 2010;2:63–68.
MLA Agunlejika, O. and T.I. Raji. “Empirical Evaluation of Wet -Term of Refractivity in Nigeria”. International Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences, vol. 2, no. 2, 2010, pp. 63-68.
Vancouver Agunlejika O, Raji T. Empirical Evaluation of Wet -Term of Refractivity in Nigeria. IJEAS. 2010;2(2):63-8.

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