The Effects of Some Fungicides against Rhizoctonia solani Causing Root Rot and Damping-off on Sugar Beet

Abstract

Konya region is a very important sugar beet production area that contains more than 1/3 of sugar beet production in Turkey. Root rots were detected in 691 of the surveys made in 866 fields in this region between the years 2015-2017, Root rots were detected in the late period close to the harvest period and in all periods, Rhizoctonia has been reported to be the most common among root rot. The causal organism was defined as R. spp. by visual diagnosis, isolation, microscopic observation and molecular methods. Sequence data of the ITS rDNA region confirmed the species identity of pathogens as Rhizoctonia. In our study to determine the effect of fungicides on the pathogen; 4 different doses of 8 different fungicides with Azoxystrobin, Fludioxonil, Flutolanil, Tolclofos-methly, Pyraclostrobin + Epoxiconazole, Difenoconazole + Propiconazole, Spiroxamine + Prothioconazole ve Sedaxane + Fludioxonil + Metalaxyl-M were used in petri dish and pot experiments with 2G isolate from Rhizoctonia solani AG-2-2-IIIB which is the most common and most virulent of the isolates obtained. The inhibition doses obtained in the petri mycellium experiment were not found effective in the pot experiment. As a result of studies, as the most effective fungicide and dosage, while it is determined that Azoxystrobin is a double dose and Sedaxane + Fludioxonil + Metalaxyl-M is a full dose; in pots studies, the double dose of the recommended dose is more effective suggests that the pathogen has developed resistance to these fungicides.

Keywords

• Beta vulgaris
• Fungicide effect
• Root rot
• Rhizoctonia solani

Bazı Fungisitlerin Şeker Pancarı Kök Çürüklüğü ve Çökerten Etmeni Rhizoctonia solani’ ye Karşı Etkileri

Öz

Konya bölgesi ülkemizde şeker pancarı üretiminin 1/3’ ünden fazlasını elinde tutan oldukça önemli bir şeker pancarı üretim alanıdır. 2015-2017 yılları arasında bu bölgede 866 tarlada yapılan surveyler sonucu 691’inde özellikle hasata yakın geç dönemde ve tüm dönemlerde kök çürüklükleri tespit edilmiş, bunlar arasında da en çok Rhizoctonia etmenine rastlandığı bildirilmiştir. Yapılan morfolojik tanılama, izolasyon, mikroskopik gözlem, ITS rDNA bölgesinin sekans verileri ile yapılan moleküler yöntemlerle etmen Rhizoctonia spp. olarak tanımlanmıştır. Bazı fungisitlerin patojene etkisini tespit etmek amacıyla yapılan çalışmamızda, elde edilen izolatlardan en yaygın ve virülensliği en fazla olan Rhizoctonia solani AG-2-2-IIIB’ ye ait 2G izolatı ile Azoxystrobin, Fludioxonil, Flutolanil, Tolclofos-methly, Pyraclostrobin+Epoxiconazole, Difenoconazole+Propiconazole, Spiroxamine+Prothiocona ve Sedaxane+Fludioxonil+Metalaxyl-M etken maddeli 8 farklı fungisit petri ve saksı denemelerinde kullanılmıştır. Petri misel denemesinde tespit edilen engelleme dozları ile beraber firmaların önerdiği tam doz, çift kat doz, yarı dozlar saksı denemesinde kullanılmıştır. Çalışmalar sonucunda, en etkili fungisit ve dozu olarak Azoxystrobin’ un çift kat dozu ve Sedaxane+Fludioxonil+Metalaxyl-M’ ın tam dozu olduğu tespit edilirken; saksı çalışmalarında, önerilen dozun 2 katı dozlarının daha etkili bulunması patojenin bu ilaçlara karşı direnç geliştirmiş olmasını düşündürmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Beta vulgaris
• Fungisit etkisi
• kök çürüklüğü
• Rhizoctonia solani

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