Evaluation of biodiesel produced from tea seed oil in terms of fatty acid components

Year 2020, Volume: 7 Issue: 1, 13 - 19, 11.04.2020

Fatih Aydın Sena Çalışkan

https://doi.org/10.31593/ijeat.699439

Cited By: 4

Abstract

Factors such as increased energy demand, environmental pollution, energy security and ensuring energy sustainability have accelerated the search for alternative energy. The interest in renewable energy sources has increased with the decrease of oil, oil crises and the increase of environmental awareness. Biodiesel is an alternative energy source that is renewable with chemical methods from vegetable and animal oils. It does not cause CO₂ release and greenhouse effect compared to petro diesel. It is an environmentally friendly fuel. The tea seeds used in this study have been selected as an alternative from the idle tea seed for biodiesel production without harming the cooking oil stock in Turkey, which is an agricultural country where tea growing and tea consumption is increasing. Biodiesel production was investigated with the transesterification method, which is a method that reduces the production cost and viscosity of the oil obtained from tea seeds by using less chemicals to bring the idle tea seeds to the economy in Turkey and in the world.

Keywords

Biodiesel, Tea seed oil, Transesterification

Supporting Institution

Scientific Research Council (BAP) of Necmettin Erbakan University

Thanks

This work was financially supported by the Scientific Research Council (BAP) of Necmettin Erbakan University. Sena ÇALIŞKAN is a master student at the Department of Energy Systems Engineering, the Graduate School of Natural and Applied Science of Necmettin Erbakan University (Advisor: Dr. Fatih AYDIN).

References

• [1] Akgün, G., Bayındır, H., Aydın H. ve Düz, Z., 2009, A Study on Biodiesel Production and Determination of Technical Values from Animal Oils, 5st Renewable Energy Resources Symposium Diyarbakır, Pages 131-136.
• [2] Hajjari, M., Tabatabaei, M., Aghbashlo, M. and Ghanavati, H., 2017, A Review on the Prospects of Sustainable Biodiesel Production: A Global Scenario with an Emphasis on Waste-Oil Biodiesel Utilization, Renewable Sustainable Energy Reviews, Volume 72, Pages 445 – 464.
• [3] Monteiro, M. R.,Kugelmeier, C.L., Pinherio, R.S., Batalha,M.O. and Cesar, A.S.,2018, Glycerol from biodiesel production: Technological paths for sustainability, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Volume 88, Pages 109 – 122.
• [4] Meher, L.C., Sagar, V.D. and Naik, S.N., 2006, Technical Aspects of Biodiesel Production by Transesterification - A review, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Volume 10, Pages 248 - 268.
• [5] Fidan, M.S. ve Alkan, E., 2014, Use As An Alternative Energy Source of Biodiesel Derived From Plant Raw Materials, GUSTIJ (2014) 4 (2): 144-160.
• [6] EPDK, 2017, Communique on Biodiesel Blending to Diesel Types, Energy Market Regulatory Authority, Ankara, Turkey, (Official Gazette dated 16.06.2017 and numbered 30098).
• [7] Oecd - Fao, 2013, Agricultural Outlook, OECD Publishing, Overvıew of The Oecd-Fao Outlook 2013-2022, pages 47.
• [8] Naylor, R. L. and M. M. Higgins, 2017, The political economy of biodiesel in an era of low oil prices, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Volume 77, Pages 695 - 705.
• [9] Ng, J.H., Ng, H.K. and Gan S., 2010, Recent trends in policies, socioeconomy and future directions of the biodiesel industry, Clean Technologies and Environmental Policy, Volume 12, Pages 213 – 238.
• [10] Demirbaş, A., 2008, Biodiesel, A Realistic Fuel Alternative for Diesel Engines, Springer, pp. 111 - 119.
• [11] Örnek, S. S., 2007, Investigation of Effects of Biodiesel Fuel Usage on Exhaust Emissions from Diesel Engines, Master Thesis, Pamukkale University Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Denizli, 12-18.
• [12] Yang, X.X., Wang, Y.T., Yang, Y.T., Feng, E.Z., Luo, J., Zhang, F., Yang, W.J. and Bao, G.R., 2018, Catalytic Transesterification to Biodiesel at Room Temperature Over Several Solid Bases, Energy Conversion and Managemenet, Volume 164, Pages 112 – 121.
• [13] Arabacı, E. and Kılıç, B., 2019, Development of the Biodiesel Characteristic Index for Biodiesel Fuels, The International Multidisciplinary Congress of Eurasia (IMCOFE), Antalya/Turkey.
• [14] Anonymous, 2020 a, http://rizeziraatodasi.com/cay-bitkisinin-ozellikleri/, [Date of Visit: 07.01.2020].
• [15] Anonymous, 2019, http://biriz.biz/cay/CamelliaSinensisResim.htm, [Date of Visit: 25.11.2019].
• [16] Solak S., 2015, Research on the Industrial Use of the Safflower and Tea Seeds, Master Thesis, Sakarya University Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Sakarya, 15-16.
• [17] İlhan, P., 2007, Evaluation of Tea Seed Oil for the Production of Biodiesel, Master Thesis, İstanbul TechnicalUniversity Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences, İstanbul, 5-56.
• [18] Demirbaş, A., 2010, Tea Seed Upgrading Facilities and Economic Assessment of Biodiesel Production from Tea Seed Oil, Energy Conversion and Management, Volume 51, Issue 12, Pages 2595 - 2599.
• [19] Yücel Y., 2008, Production of Biodiesel Using Some Enzymes and Investigation of Biodiesel Features by Analytical Methods, Ph. D. Thesis, Uludağ University Graduate School of Naturel and Applied Sciences, Bursa, 19-20.
• [20] Karaca, E. ve Aytaç, S., 2007, The Factors Affecting on Fatty Acid Composition of Oil Crops, Anadolu Journal of Agricultural Sciences, Volume 22, Issue 1, Pages 123-131.
• [21] Nas, S., Gökalp, Y.H. ve Ünsal, M., 2001, Vegetable Oil Technology, Pamukkale University, Engineering Faculty, Course Books, Publication No: 005.
• [22] Öğüt, H., Oğuz, H., Şahin, S., Gezgin, S., Aydın, F., Özen, D., Özdemir, S. and Dayıoğlu R., 2015, Effects of Different Phosphorus Application on Quality of Biodiesel in The Cultivation of Safflower, Journal of Agricultural Faculty of Uludag University, Volume 29, No 2, Pages 61-68.
• [23] Özdemir, F., Gölükcü M. ve Erbaş, M., 2001, Some Properties of Tes Seed and Fatty Acid Composition of Tea Seed Oil, The Journal of Food, Volume 26, Issue 2, Pages 135-138.
• [24] Horuz, A., Korkmaz, A. ve Akınoğlu, G., 2015, Biofuel Plants and Technology, Journal of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, Volume 3, Issue 2, Pages 69 – 81.
• [25] Serin, H., Özcanlı, M., Gökçe M.K. and Tüccar, G., 2013, Biodiesel Production from Tea Seed (Camellia Sinensis) Oil and its Blends With Diesel Fuel, International Journal of Green Energy, Volume 10, Issue 4, Pages 370 - 377.
• [26] Ertuğrul Karatay, S., 2010, Determination of the Microbial Lipid Usage in Biodiesel Production, Ph. D. Thesis, Ankara University Graduate School of Naturel and Applied Sciences, Ankara, 8-13.
• [27] Yüce, İ., 2008, Evaluation of Biodiesel as an Alternative Fuel in Turkey, in Germany and Its Utilization in Vehicles, Master Thesis, İstanbul Technical University Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences, İstanbul, 10-12.
• [28] Anonymous, 2020 b, https://cdn.bartin.edu.tr/biyoteknoloji/86babca0507e8 8ae8f 7e cb1dea802c6b/sunum3biyodizel.pdf, [Date of Visit: 22.01.2020].
• [29] Duru S., ve Bozdoğan Konuşkan D., 2014, Increasing Level of Oleic Acid In Vegetable Oil and It's Effects on Oil Quality, The Journal of Food 39 (6), Pages 1-7.
• [30] Kaya A., 2007, Obtaining of Biodiesel from Cooking Waste Oils by Supercritical Alcohol Transesterification Process, Master Thesis, Selçuk University Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Konya, 6-7.