Effects of corn oil biodiesel–diesel blends on performance, combustion, and emissions under different engine loads

Abstract

hydrocarbon (HC) emissions by increasing combustion efficiency through its high oxygen content, while also forming stable and homogeneous fuel blends with diesel fuel. In this study, biodiesel was produced from corn oil via transesterification and blended with neat diesel at 10% and 20% volumetric ratios to prepare B10 and B20 fuels, respectively. The performance, combustion, and emission characteristics of the fuels were investigated in a single-cylinder diesel research engine. The experiments were conducted at the engine’s maximum torque speed of 1800 rpm and at three different engine loads: 10.98, 16.47, and 21.96 Nm. Within the scope of this study, in-cylinder pressure, heat release rate (HRR), brake thermal efficiency (BTE), brake specific fuel consumption (BSFC), indicated mean effective pressure (IMEP), IMEP coefficient of variation (COVIMEP), combustion phase (CA50), maximum pressure rise rate (MPRR), and CO, HC, and nitrogen oxide (NOx) emissions were evaluated. B10 fuel yielded the highest BTE value, particularly at medium load, while BSFC values were very close to those of diesel fuel across all load conditions. Fuels containing biodiesel shifted the CA50 point to earlier crankshaft angles and produced lower MPRR values, demonstrating a more controlled combustion characteristic. The CB additive reduced CO and HC emissions thanks to the oxygen content in the fuel; however, it caused an increase in NOx emissions due to more efficient combustion. Compared to diesel fuel, the use of B20 reduced CO and HC emissions by an average of 17.6% and 8.9%, respectively, while NOx emissions increased by an average of 10.9%. In the overall evaluation, B10 fuel was determined to be the test fuel that provides the optimal balance among engine performance, fuel economy, combustion stability, and emission characteristics.

Keywords

• Biodiesel
• Combustion
• Corn Oil
• Diesel Engine
• Performance

Farklı motor yükleri altında mısır yağı biyodizeli-dizel karışımlarının performans, yanma ve emisyonlar üzerindeki etkileri

Abstract

Mısır yağı biyodizeli (CB), bünyesindeki yüksek oksijen içeriğiyle yanma verimliliğini artırarak karbonmonoksit (CO) ve hidrokarbon (HC) emisyonlarını azaltan, aynı zamanda dizel yakıt ile kararlı ve homojen karışımlar oluşturabilen bir alternatif yakıt bileşenidir. Bu çalışmada, mısır yağından transesterifikasyon yöntemi ile biyodizel üretilmiş ve saf dizel yakıt ile hacimsel olarak %10 ve %20 oranlarında karıştırılarak sırasıyla B10 ve B20 yakıtları hazırlanmıştır. Yakıtların performans, yanma ve emisyon karakteristikleri, tek silindirli bir dizel araştırma motorunda incelenmiştir. Deneyler, motorun maksimum tork devri olan 1800 rpm’de ve 10,98, 16,47 ve 21,96 Nm olmak üzere üç farklı motor yükünde gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çalışma kapsamında silindir içi basınç, ısı yayılım oranı (HRR), fren termal verim (BTE), fren özgül yakıt tüketimi (BSFC), indike ortalama efektif basınç (IMEP), IMEP değişim katsayısı (COVIMEP), yanma fazı (CA50), maksimum basınç artış oranı (MPRR) ile CO, HC ve azot oksit (NOx) emisyonları değerlendirilmiştir. B10 yakıtı özellikle orta yük koşulunda en yüksek BTE değerini üretirken tüm yüklerde dizel yakıta oldukça yakın BSFC değerleri sergilemiştir. Biyodizel içeren yakıtlar, CA50 noktasını daha erken krank açılarına kaydırmış ve daha düşük MPRR değerleri üreterek kontrollü bir yanma karakteristiği sergilemiştir. CB katkısı, yakıtın içerdiği oksijen sayesinde CO ve HC emisyonlarını azaltmış, buna karşılık daha etkin yanma nedeniyle NOx emisyonlarında artış meydana getirmiştir. Dizel yakıta kıyasla B20 kullanımı ile CO ve HC emisyonları sırasıyla ortalama %17,6 ve %8,9 oranında azalırken NOx emisyonları ortalama %10,9 oranında artmıştır. Genel değerlendirmede B10 yakıtının motor performansı, yakıt ekonomisi, yanma kararlılığı ve emisyon özellikleri arasında en uygun dengeyi sağlayan test yakıtı olduğu belirlenmiştir.

Keywords

• Biyodizel
• Dizel Motor
• Mısır Yağı
• Performans
• Yanma

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