Usability of Horse Chestnut (Aesculus hippocastanum L.) as Biomonitor for Monitoring Some Heavy Metal Concentrations Caused by Traffic

Year 2019, Volume: 1 Issue: 1, 16 - 23, 04.02.2019

Asma Asghar Jawed , Adel Easa Saad Abo Aisha

Abstract

Environmental
pollution has become one of the most important problems of the modern world.
Heavy metals have a special importance in air pollution. Although many heavy
metal plants are required for living organisms, including plants, they can
cause harmful effects at high levels. Some heavy metals have serious toxic
effects on organisms even at low levels. In addition, heavy metals do not
deteriorate easily in nature and are prone to bioavailability in the human
organism. Because of its importance in terms of human and environmental health,
monitoring of heavy metal pollution and identifying risky regions is of great
importance. Bioindicators are the most important determinants of the change in
the concentration of heavy metal in the atmosphere. In this study, the aim of
this study is to determine the usability in potential of Horse chestnut in
monitoring the heavy metal concentration caused by traffic. For this purpose,
it is conducted in the city center of Kastamonu city where traffic is dense,
less dense and no traffic is collected from the areas collected leaf, branch
and seed samples were measured by measuring the Ba, Al, B, Ca, K and Mg
concentrations were determined to change. As a result of the study, it was
found that all the elements of the study were statistically significant on
organelle basis with at least 95% confidence level; It was also found that the
concentration of Ba and Al increased in all organelles due to traffic density.

Keywords

Heavy metal, biomonitor, traffic, Aesculus hippocastanum L.

Trafik Kaynaklı Bazı Ağır Metal Konsantrasyonlarının İzlenmesinde At Kestanesi (Aesculus hippocastanum L.)’In Biyomonitor Olarak Kullanılabilirliği

Abstract

Çevre kirliliği
modern dünyanın en önemli sorunlarından birisi haline gelmiştir. Hava
kirliliğini oluşturan etmenler içerisinde ağır metaller ayrı bir öneme
sahiptir. Birçok ağır metal bitkiler dahil yaşayan organizmalar için gerekli
olmasına rağmen bunlar yüksek seviyelerde zararlı etkiler oluşturabilir. Bazı
ağır metaller ise düşük seviyelerde bile organizmalarda ciddi toksik etkiye
sahiptir. Ayrıca, ağır metaller doğada kolay kolay bozulmazlar ve insan
organizmasında biyobirikme eğilimindedirler. İnsan ve çevre sağlığı açısından öneminden dolayı ağır metal kirliliğinin
izlenmesi ve riskli bölgelerin belirlenmesi büyük önem taşımaktadır. Ağır metal
kirliliğinin atmosferdeki konsantrasyonunun değişimini gösteren en önemli
belirteçler biyoindikatörlerdir. Bu çalışmada trafik kaynaklı ağır metal
konsantrasyonunun izlenmesinde at kestanesinin 
kullanılabilme potansiyelinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaç
doğrultusunda Kastamonu ili kent merkezinde trafiğin yoğun olduğu, az
yoğun olduğu ve trafiğin olmadığı bölgelerden toplanan yaprak, dal ve tohum
örnekleri üzerinde ölçümler yapılarak Ba, Al, B, Ca, K ve Mg
konsantrasyonlarının değişimi belirlenmiştir. Çalışma sonucunda, çalışmaya konu
bütün elementlerin organel bazında istatistiki olarak en az %95 güven düzeyinde
anlamlı olmak üzere değiştiği ayrıca Ba ve Al konsantrasyonlarının bütün
organellerde trafik yoğunluğuna bağlı olarak arttığı tespit edilmiştir.

Keywords

Ağır metal, biyomonitor, trafik, Aesculus hippocastanum L.

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