Changes of Some Heavy Metal Concentrations Based on Organic and Traffic Density in Fraxinus Excelsior L.

Year 2019, Volume: 1 Issue: 1, 24 - 30, 04.02.2019

Hatice Akarsu İlknur Zeren Çetin , Asma Asghar Jawed , Adel Easa Saad Abo Aisha Alican Cesur Rizacan Keskin

Abstract

At the beginning of
the problems caused by the industrialization and the rapid increase in the
world population; environmental and especially air pollution. Air pollution is
causing millions of people to die every year around the world. Air pollution
components are non-biodegradable heavy metals, although they are necessary for
low amounts of human, animal and plant needs, they can produce toxic effects
when they are present in large quantities. Some heavy metals have toxic effects
even at low concentrations. In particular, the accumulation of heavy metals in
the atmosphere is a serious problem for human health. It is therefore of great
importance to monitor the change in heavy metal concentrations. Bioindicators
are used as the most important determinants of determination of heavy metal
contamination in atmosphere. In this study, the usability of Fraxinus excelsior L. organelles as a
biomonitor was investigated in the determination of heavy metal constructions.
It was studied on the leaves, seeds and twigs taken from the individuals grown
in the areas where the ash tree traffic is dense, less dense and not. According
to the results of the study, it was determined that the concentrations of the
elements in the leaves and seeds were increased depending on the traffic
density.

Keywords

Biomonitor, heavy metal, traffic, Fraxinus excelsior L.

Fraxinus excelsior L.’da Bazı Ağır Metal Konsantrasyonlarının Organel ve Trafik Yoğunluğuna Bağlı Değişimi

Abstract

Sanayileşme ve Dünya
nüfusundaki hızlı artışın sebep olduğu problemlerin başında çevre ve özellikle
hava kirliliği gelmektedir. Öyle ki hava kirliliği her yıl dünya çapında
milyonlarca insanın hayatını kaybetmesine sebep olmaktadır. Hava kirliliği
bileşenleri biyobozunur özelliğe sahip olmayan ağır metaller, düşük miktarlarda
insan, hayvan ve bitki ihtiyaçları için gerekli olsalar da fazla miktarlarda
bulunduklarında toksik etki oluşturabilmektedir. Bazı ağır metaller düşük
konsantrasyonlarda bile toksik etkiye sahiptir. Özellikle ağır metallerin
atmosferde birikiminin artması insan sağlığı açısından ciddi sorun teşkil
etmektedir. Bundan dolayı ağır metal konsantrasyonlarının değişiminin takip
edilmesi büyük önem taşımaktadır. Ağır metal kirliğinin atmosferdeki
kontrasyonlarının belirlenmesinde en önemli belirteç olarak biyoindikatörlerden
yararlanılmaktadır. Bu çalışmada da ağır metal kontrasyonlarının
belirlenmesinde biyomonitör olarak Dişbudak
(Fraxinus excelsior L.) organellerinin kullanılabilirliği
araştırılmıştır. Dişbudak ağacının trafiğin yoğun olduğu, az yoğun olduğu ve
olmadığı alanlarda yetişen bireylerinden alınan yaprak, tohum ve dal örnekleri
üzerinde çalışma yapılarak ve Ba, Al, B, Ca, Fe, K, Mg ve Mn
konsantrasyonlarının değişimleri belirlenmiştir. Çalışma sonuçlarına göre
yaprak ve tohumda çalışmaya konu elementlerin konsantrasyonlarının genel olarak
trafik yoğunluğuna bağlı olarak arttığı belirlenmiştir.

Keywords

Biyomonitör, ağır metal, trafik, Fraxinus excelsior L.

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