Climate and Soil Requirements of Date Palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.)

Year 2019, Volume: 1 Issue: 2, 64 - 70, 01.12.2019

Nesrin Yıldız Malak Sohrabi

Abstract

The date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) was one of the plant species that
were cultured in the first period of the agricultural culture on earth. The
date palm is an important fruit in nature. Because, the fruits content of
high-energy, 16 different amino acids, fiber, minerals, vitamins need to
contain, in other places according to sources or lack of median is important
for survival at the moment is a nutritious fruit. In general, tropical and
subtropical ones have been growing in recent times, which is an important
product that grows in the pasture, but tolerant to drought-tolerant watering
time and plenty of water to drink water, soil and climate requirements can be
with potassium nutrient  in the arid
climate, rich in organic matter, at a pH of around 7.5 to 8.5 (measures are
needed to adjust the soil pH to ensure the availability of nitrogen, phosphorus
and potassium for plant utilization) sandy or sandy clay even clay soil. The
ideal temperature range is at least 7C° at night, 32-38C° within days.

Keywords

Date palm, climate and soil requirements, Iran

Hurma Ağacının (Phoenix dactylifera L.) İklim ve Toprak İstekleri

Abstract

Yeryüzünde tarım kültürünün ilk dönemlerinde kültürü yapılan bitki
türlerinden biri olduğu için, antik ürün olarak ta anılan Hurma ağacı (Phoenix
dactylifera L.), özellikle besin değeri yüksek önemli bir meyvedir.
Meyvelerinin yüksek enerji deposu olması, 16 farklı aminoasit içermesi, lif,
mineral, vitaminlerce zengin olması nedeniyle diğer besin kaynaklarına erişim
veya olanaktan yoksun insanların hayatta kalması için önemli değere sahip
besleyici bir meyvedir. Geçmişten bugüne, genel olarak tropik ve subtropikal alanlarda
yaygın olarak yetişen önemli bir bitki olan Hurma ağacı kuraklığa toleranslı
ancak çiçeklenme ve meyve verme döneminde bol suya ihtiyaç duyan, özellikle
potasyum beslenmesine duyarlı toprak ve iklim istekleri açısından; kurak iklim,
organik maddece zengin, 7.5 ila 8.5 arasında pH’ya sahip (bitki kullanımı için
azot, fosfor ve potasyum mevcudiyetini sağlamak için toprak pH'sını ayarlamak
için önlemler alınması gerekir), kumlu ya da killi kumlu, hatta killi toprakta
bile yetişebilen, İdeal sıcaklık aralığı isteği, geceleri minimum 7°C, gündüz
32-38°C, olan bir bitkidir.

Keywords

Hurma, iklim ve toprak istekleri, İran

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