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The Impact of Kyoto Protocol on Environment Quality in the Free Trade Era: The Case of G20 Countries

Year 2017, Volume: 7 Issue: 3, 36 - 42, 01.09.2017

Puspaning Buanawaty Fithra Faisal Hastiadi

Abstract

The impact of trade openness on environment is not easy to be figured out. The scale and technique effects of trade tend to have opposite direction, while the composition effect depends on the “comparative advantage” of a country. One way to avoid the world’s emission level is the ratification of Kyoto Protocol in 1997. This study aims to analyze the impact of trade openness and Kyoto Protocol on CO2 emission level. This research employs macroeconomics data in G20 countries from 1996 to 2008 by using OLS with gravity instrument variable model from G20 countries trade flows. The estimation results indicate that trade openness has positive and significant effect on CO2 emissions level. Meanwhile, Kyoto Protocol has insignificant effect on CO2 emissions level, thereby signifying the ineffectiveness of the Protocol’s implementation.

Keywords

trade openness Kyoto Protocol CO2 emissions

Year 2017, Volume: 7 Issue: 3, 36 - 42, 01.09.2017

Puspaning Buanawaty Fithra Faisal Hastiadi

Abstract

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Details

Other ID JA72DG75DK
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Puspaning Buanawaty This is me

Fithra Faisal Hastiadi This is me

Publication Date September 1, 2017
Published in Issue Year 2017 Volume: 7 Issue: 3

Cite

APA Buanawaty, P., & Hastiadi, F. F. (2017). The Impact of Kyoto Protocol on Environment Quality in the Free Trade Era: The Case of G20 Countries. International Journal of Economics and Financial Issues, 7(3), 36-42.
AMA Buanawaty P, Hastiadi FF. The Impact of Kyoto Protocol on Environment Quality in the Free Trade Era: The Case of G20 Countries. IJEFI. September 2017;7(3):36-42.
Chicago Buanawaty, Puspaning, and Fithra Faisal Hastiadi. “The Impact of Kyoto Protocol on Environment Quality in the Free Trade Era: The Case of G20 Countries”. International Journal of Economics and Financial Issues 7, no. 3 (September 2017): 36-42.
EndNote Buanawaty P, Hastiadi FF (September 1, 2017) The Impact of Kyoto Protocol on Environment Quality in the Free Trade Era: The Case of G20 Countries. International Journal of Economics and Financial Issues 7 3 36–42.
IEEE P. Buanawaty and F. F. Hastiadi, “The Impact of Kyoto Protocol on Environment Quality in the Free Trade Era: The Case of G20 Countries”, IJEFI, vol. 7, no. 3, pp. 36–42, 2017.
ISNAD Buanawaty, Puspaning - Hastiadi, Fithra Faisal. “The Impact of Kyoto Protocol on Environment Quality in the Free Trade Era: The Case of G20 Countries”. International Journal of Economics and Financial Issues 7/3 (September 2017), 36-42.
JAMA Buanawaty P, Hastiadi FF. The Impact of Kyoto Protocol on Environment Quality in the Free Trade Era: The Case of G20 Countries. IJEFI. 2017;7:36–42.
MLA Buanawaty, Puspaning and Fithra Faisal Hastiadi. “The Impact of Kyoto Protocol on Environment Quality in the Free Trade Era: The Case of G20 Countries”. International Journal of Economics and Financial Issues, vol. 7, no. 3, 2017, pp. 36-42.
Vancouver Buanawaty P, Hastiadi FF. The Impact of Kyoto Protocol on Environment Quality in the Free Trade Era: The Case of G20 Countries. IJEFI. 2017;7(3):36-42.