Linear Regression and Spearman Rank Correlation Analyses of P-wave Velocity (Vp) and Rock Quality Designation (RQD) of Karacadağ Volcanics, Southeast Türkiye

Gülen Tunç; Nuray Alpaslan

doi:10.26650/ijegeo.1832011

Linear Regression and Spearman Rank Correlation Analyses of P-wave Velocity (Vp) and Rock Quality Designation (RQD) of Karacadağ Volcanics, Southeast Türkiye

Abstract

The importance of geotechnical and geophysical investigations is significant, not only for the physical properties of the soil but also for its lithological, physical, and geomechanical characteristics from an engineering perspective. In this study, linear regression and Spearman rank correlation analyses were performed between the P-wave velocity (Vp) obtained from seismic refraction measurements applied to the Karacadağ volcanites exposed in and around the city centre of Diyarbakır and the rock quality designation (RQD) obtained from core drilling. In regression analyses for Karacadağ volcanites exposed in the city centre of Diyarbakır, the regression analyses between RQD and Vp-wave velocity for Gravel-sized clay-bound block basalt+Basalt, which makes up all the soil units, resulted in R2=0. 9298 has been calculated. It was determined that there were linearly very strong relationships between RQD and P-wave velocity in all units. In Spearman's rank correlation analysis for the Karacadağ volcanites exposed in the Diyarbakır city centre, the Spearman's rank correlation (rs) results showed a significant strong relationship between RQD and Vp (r (47) = 0.97852, p< 0.0001). In geotechnical investigations, integrated applications where many parameters are evaluated using different methods are quite advantageous. It was observed that the seismic velocities obtained by geophysical methods for the units in the study area, the rock quality designation (RQD) determined within the scope of geotechnical analyses, and the P-wave velocity (Vp) results supported each other.

Keywords

References

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Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

Geological Sciences and Engineering (Other)

Journal Section

Research Article

Authors

Gülen Tunç ^*
0000-0002-7173-690X
Türkiye

Nuray Alpaslan
0000-0001-6430-1222
Türkiye

Publication Date

January 12, 2026

Submission Date

November 28, 2025

Acceptance Date

December 14, 2025

Published in Issue

Year 2025 Volume: 12 Number: 4

DOI

https://doi.org/10.26650/ijegeo.1832011

IZ

https://izlik.org/JA26NN78WT

Cite

RIS / Bibtex

APA

Tunç, G., & Alpaslan, N. (2026). Linear Regression and Spearman Rank Correlation Analyses of P-wave Velocity (Vp) and Rock Quality Designation (RQD) of Karacadağ Volcanics, Southeast Türkiye. International Journal of Environment and Geoinformatics, 12(4), 344-352. https://doi.org/10.26650/ijegeo.1832011

AMA

1.Tunç G, Alpaslan N. Linear Regression and Spearman Rank Correlation Analyses of P-wave Velocity (Vp) and Rock Quality Designation (RQD) of Karacadağ Volcanics, Southeast Türkiye. IJEGEO. 2026;12(4):344-352. doi:10.26650/ijegeo.1832011

Chicago

Tunç, Gülen, and Nuray Alpaslan. 2026. “Linear Regression and Spearman Rank Correlation Analyses of P-Wave Velocity (Vp) and Rock Quality Designation (RQD) of Karacadağ Volcanics, Southeast Türkiye”. International Journal of Environment and Geoinformatics 12 (4): 344-52. https://doi.org/10.26650/ijegeo.1832011.

EndNote

Tunç G, Alpaslan N (January 1, 2026) Linear Regression and Spearman Rank Correlation Analyses of P-wave Velocity (Vp) and Rock Quality Designation (RQD) of Karacadağ Volcanics, Southeast Türkiye. International Journal of Environment and Geoinformatics 12 4 344–352.

IEEE

[1]G. Tunç and N. Alpaslan, “Linear Regression and Spearman Rank Correlation Analyses of P-wave Velocity (Vp) and Rock Quality Designation (RQD) of Karacadağ Volcanics, Southeast Türkiye”, IJEGEO, vol. 12, no. 4, pp. 344–352, Jan. 2026, doi: 10.26650/ijegeo.1832011.

ISNAD

Tunç, Gülen - Alpaslan, Nuray. “Linear Regression and Spearman Rank Correlation Analyses of P-Wave Velocity (Vp) and Rock Quality Designation (RQD) of Karacadağ Volcanics, Southeast Türkiye”. International Journal of Environment and Geoinformatics 12/4 (January 1, 2026): 344-352. https://doi.org/10.26650/ijegeo.1832011.

JAMA

1.Tunç G, Alpaslan N. Linear Regression and Spearman Rank Correlation Analyses of P-wave Velocity (Vp) and Rock Quality Designation (RQD) of Karacadağ Volcanics, Southeast Türkiye. IJEGEO. 2026;12:344–352.

MLA

Tunç, Gülen, and Nuray Alpaslan. “Linear Regression and Spearman Rank Correlation Analyses of P-Wave Velocity (Vp) and Rock Quality Designation (RQD) of Karacadağ Volcanics, Southeast Türkiye”. International Journal of Environment and Geoinformatics, vol. 12, no. 4, Jan. 2026, pp. 344-52, doi:10.26650/ijegeo.1832011.

Vancouver

1.Gülen Tunç, Nuray Alpaslan. Linear Regression and Spearman Rank Correlation Analyses of P-wave Velocity (Vp) and Rock Quality Designation (RQD) of Karacadağ Volcanics, Southeast Türkiye. IJEGEO. 2026 Jan. 1;12(4):344-52. doi:10.26650/ijegeo.1832011