Geomorphic Regionalization of Coastal Zone Using Geospatial Technology

Year 2016, , 11 - 23, 02.08.2016

Manoranjan Mishra

https://doi.org/10.30897/ijegeo.304479

Cited By: 11

Abstract

The world coastal environment is made of diversified landforms and are also potentially vulnerable to climate
variability, delta sinking, extreme events and anthropogenic interferences. Sustainable management of coastal
resources and transforming quality ecosystem services to future generation are the goals of Integrated Coastal
Zone Management (ICZM). Geographical homogenous unit are the basic implementation locus and back bone
of these kinds of integrated management strategy and activities. However, coastal zone management projects in
developing world using use arbitrary land-ward and sea-ward boundaries from physical reference as unit of
management. The oversimplified fixed distance approaches are not able to map the spatial and temporal
changes in coastal systems. The spatio-temporal variations of coastal systems are configured in geomorphic
landforms and further that work on interaction between natural forces and anthropogenic inputs. The present
research work is an attempt to present a simplified method of regionalization geomorphic landforms using
geospatial platforms for delineating Orissa coast into smaller homogenous geographic unit as reference point
for future management. Geomorphic landforms are reconstructed using Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus
(ETM+) imagery, Survey of India topomaps, field survey and Digital Elevation Model data at geographic
information system (GIS) plat form. Seventy geomorphic features covering an area of 5033.64 km2 were
identified and further, regionalized into five homogenous geographic units. The need of time is to recognize
unsustainable coastal systems in these homogenous geographic units by fine tuning development parameters
and also same time allowing coastal systems to adapt naturally to any kind of variability. Although, the
methodology applied to Orissa for delineation homogenous geographic area but it can be replicated to any
coast in world.

Keywords

Coastal landforms, Geospatial technique, Geomorphic regionalization, Homogenous geographic units, Integrated coastal zone management

References

• Allan James, L.A., E. Hodgson, M.E., Ghoshal, S and Latiolais, M.M. (2012). Geomorphic change detection using historic maps and DEM differencing: The temporal dimension of geospatial analysis, Geomorphology 137, pp. 181–198.
• Arnoff, S. (1982). Classification accuracy: a user approach. Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing, 48(8), pp. 1299–1307.
• Bishop, M.P., James, L.A., Shroder, J.F., Walsh, S.J. (2012). Geospatial technologies and digital geomorphological mapping: concepts, issues and research. Geomorphology 137, pp. 5–26.
• CCD (1997). Revised Coastal Zone Management Plan, Sri Lanka. Coast Conservation Department, Ministry of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources Development, Sri Lanka, 1997.
• Coastal Regulation Zone (CRZ) Notification (2011). Ministry of Environment, Forests and Climate Change, Govt. of India. (http:// www.moef.nic.in/downloads/public-information/CRZ-Notification- 2011.pdf).
• Costa, M.F., Araújo, M.C.B., Souza, S.T., and Silva-Cavalcanti, J.S. (2008). Verticalização Da Praia Da Boa Viagem (Recife, Pernambuco) eSuas Consequências Socioambientais. Revista Da Gestão Costeira Integrada 8 (2), pp. 233–245.
• Embabi, N.S., Badawy, M. (2014). A semi-automated approach for mapping geomorphology of El Bardawil Lake, Northern Sinai, Egypt using integrated remote sensing and GIS techniques., Egyptian Journal of Remote Sensing and Space Sciences, Vol. 17, pp. 41-60.
• Evans, I.S. (2012). Geomorphometry and landform mapping: what is a landform? Geomorphology 137, pp. 94–106.
• IPCC (2013). Summary for policymakers. In: Stocker TF, Qin D, Plattner G-K, Tignor M, Allen SK, Boschung J, Nauels A, Xia Y, Bex V, Midgley PM (eds) Climate change 2013: the physical science basis. Contribution ofWorking Group I to the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
• Kaliraj, S. and Chandrasekar, N. (2012). Spectral Recognition Techniques and MLC of IRS P6 LISS III image for Coastal Landforms Extraction along South West Coast of Tamilnadu, India, Bonfring International Journal of Advances in Image Processing,2(3), pp. 1-7.
• Kumar TS, Mahendra RS, Nayak S, Radhakrishnan K, Sahu KC. (2010). Coastal vulnerability assessment for Orissa State, East coast of India. J Coast Res 26, pp. 523–534.
• Lin, T., Xue, X., Shi, L., and Gao, L. (2013). Urban Spatial Expansion and Its Impacts on Island Ecosystem Services and Landscape Pattern: A Case Study of the Island City of Xiamen, Southeast China. Ocean & Coastal Management. 81, pp. 90–96.
• Magarotto, M., Costa, C., Tenedório, J.A.,Silva, C.P., Pontes, T. (2014). Methodology for the development of 3D GIS models inthe Coastal Zone. In: Green, A.N. and Cooper, J.A.G.(eds.), Proceedings 13th International Coastal Symposium (Durban, South Africa), Journal of Coastal Research, Special IssueNo. 70, pp. 479-484, ISSN 0749-0208.
• Mishra, M and Sharma, M. (2009). Assesment of coastal geomorphic processes in Erasama block, Jagatsinghpur District, Orissa, Journal of Geomatica, 3 (2), pp. 63 – 68.
• Mishra, M. (2013). Mapping beach ridges complex with geospatial techniques, Jatadhar Muhan Creek, Odisha, India, 2 (3), pp. 1- 11.
• Moawad, B.M. and Khidr, M.M. (2011). A GIS and RS based approach for modeling ungauged small-scale catchments in Mersa Alam. Bull. Soc. Ge´ogr. E´ gypte 84, pp. 117–140.
• Nayak, S. (1991). Manual for Mapping of Coastal Wetlands/Land Forms and Shoreline Changes Using Satellite Data. Technical Note. Ahmedabad: Space Applications Centre, IRS UP/SAC/MCE/ SN/32/91, 63p.
• OECD, (1992). Recommendations of the Council on Integrated Coastal Zone Management, Organization for Economic Co-peration and Development, Paris.
• Pethick, J.S. and Crooks, S. (2000). Development of a coastal vulnerability index: a geomorphological perspective. Environmental Conservation, 27, pp. 359–367.
• Qin, C., Zhu, A., Shi, X., Li, B., Zhou, C. (2009). Quantification of spatial gradation of slope positions. Geomorphology 110, pp. 152– 161.
• Seijmonsbergen, A.C. (2012). Current trends in geomorphological mapping. Geophysical Research Abstracts, vol. 14, EGU 2012– 6114, 2012, EGU General Assembly, Vienna.
• Seijmonsbergen, A.C., Hengl, T., Anders, N.S. (2011). Semi-automated identification and extraction of geomorphological features using digital elevation data. In: Smith,M.J., Paron, P., Griffiths, J.S. (Eds.), Geomorphological Mapping. Elsevier, Amsterdam, pp. 297–335.
• Silva, C., Alves, F., and Rocha, R., (2007). The management of beach carrying capacity: The case of northern Portugal. Journal of Coastal Research, 50, pp. 135–139.
• Sinha, B.H. (1971). Geography of Orissa, National book trust, New Delhi India.
• Srinivasa Kumar T, Mahendra RS, Nayak S, Radhakrishnan K, Radhakrishnan KC (2010). Coastal vulnerability assessment for Orissa state, East coast of India. J Coast Res 26(3), pp. 523–534.
• Syvitski, J.P.M., Kettner, A.J. Overeem, I., Hutton, E.W.H., Hannon, M.T. Brakenridge, J.R., Day, J., Vörösmarty, C., Saito, Y., Giosan, L & Nicholls, R.J. (2009). sinking deltas due to human activities, Nature Geosciences, 2, pp. 681 – 686.
• Theenadhayalan, G., Kanmani, T. and Baskaran, R. (2012). Geomorphology of the Tamil Nadu Coastal Zone in India: Applications of Geospatial Technology, Journal of Coastal Research, 28(1), pp. 149-160.
• UNEP (United Nations Environment Programme) (2007). Physical alteration and destruction of habitats. www.unep.org.
• Vannametee, E., Babel, L.V., Karssenberg, D., Schuur, J., Hendriks, M. R., Bierkens, M.F.P (2012).Automated geomorphological mapping using Multiple Point Geostatistics. Geophysical Research Abstracts, 14, EGU 2012–2765, EGU General Assembly, Vienna.
• Wilson, J.P. (2012). Digital terrain modeling. Geomorphology 137, pp. 107–121.
• Yanez-Arancibia A., J. W. Day. (2004). Environmental subregions in the Gulf of Mexico coastal zone: the ecosystem approach as an integrated management tool. Ocean Coast Manage 47, pp. 727–757.
• Yu, B., Liu, H., Wu, J., Hu, Y., and Zhang, L. (2010). Automated Derivation of Urban Building Density Information Using Airborne LiDAR Data and Object-based Method. Landscape and Urban Planning, 98, pp. 3-4.
• Zhou, G., Xie, M. (2009). Coastal 3-D morphological change analysis using LiDAR series data: a case study of Assateague Island National Seashore. Journal of Coastal Research 25, 435–447.
• Dramisa, F., Guidab, D., Cestari, A. (2011). Nature and aims of geomorphological mapping. In: Smith, M.J., Paron, P., Griffiths, J.S. (Eds.), Geomorphological Mapping. Elsevier, Amesterdam.
• Henriques, C. and Tenedório, J.A. (2009). “Remote Sensing, GIS Application and Simulation of Coastal Land Use Changes Based on Cellular Automata: A Case Study of Maputo, Mozambique.” Journal of Coastal Research. 56, pp. 1518–1521.
• Fresca, T.M. (2007). A Área Central de Londrina: Uma Análise Geográfica. Revista Geografia (Londrina., 16, (2), pp. 143-166.