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Year 2021, Volume: 8 Issue: 3, 397 - 401, 05.09.2021
https://doi.org/10.30897/ijegeo.911179

Abstract

References

  • AEC. (2019). Arctic Economic Council Maritime Transportation Working Group Report: The State of Maritime Transportation in the Arctic. Arctic Economic Council.
  • Bennett, M. M. (2014). North by Northeast: toward an Asian-Arctic region. Eurasian Geography and Economics, 55(1), 71–93.
  • Bird, K. J., Charpentier, R. R., Gautier, D. L., Houseknecht, D. W., Klett, T. R., Pitman, J. K., Moore, T. E., Schenk, C. J., Tennyson, M. E., & Wandrey, C. R. (2008). Circum-Arctic resource appraisal: Estimates of undiscovered oil and gas north of the Arctic Circle. US Geological Survey.
  • Blunden, M. (2012). Geopolitics and the northern sea route. International Affairs, 88(1), 115–129.
  • Brigham, L. W. (2014). Polar maps: Early eighteenth century vision of a northeast passage. Polar Geography, 37(2), 134–136.
  • Çetin, O., & Büyüksağnak, Y. B. (2021). Turkey’s Interest in the Arctic Region: the Evaluation of being a Party to the Svalbard Treaty. International Journal of Environment and Geoinformatics (IJEGEO), 8(3), 350–358. https://doi.org/10.30897/ijegeo.887540
  • Curtin, P. D. (1984). Cross-cultural trade in world history (E. Burke (ed.)). Cambridge University Press.
  • Ha, K. O., Blas, J., Magdy, M., & Koh, A. (2021, March 27). How a Desert Wind Blew $10 Billion of Global Trade Off Course. Bloomberg. https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2021-03-27/how-a-desert-wind-in-suez-canal-blew-global-trade-off-course?cmpid=BBD032921_TRADE&utm_medium=email&utm_source=newsletter&utm_term=210329&utm_campaign=trade
  • Handesten, L. (2020). Nordic polar heroes. In G. Hermansson & J. Jens Lohfert (Eds.), Exploring NORDIC COOL in Literary History (Vol. 15). John Benjamins Publishing Company.
  • Ibold, S. (2018). Belt and Road Initiative. BRI Projects. https://www.beltroad-initiative.com/belt-and-road/
  • IPCC. (2001). Greenhouse Gas Emission Mitigation Scenarios and Implications. In Metz B. vd (Ed.), Climate Change 2001: Mitigation: Contribution of Working Group III to the Third Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Cambridge Uni. Press.
  • Kitagawa, H. (2008). Arctic routing: Challenges and opportunities. WMU Journal of Maritime Affairs, 7(2), 485–503.
  • Lasserre, F. (2014). Case studies of shipping along Arctic routes. Analysis and profitability perspectives for the container sector. Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, 66, 144–161.
  • Li, P., Qian, H., Howard, K. W. F., & Wu, J. (2015). Building a new and sustainable “Silk Road economic belt.” Environmental Earth Sciences, 74(10), 7267–7270.
  • Liu, M., & Kronbak, J. (2010). The potential economic viability of using the Northern Sea Route (NSR) as an alternative route between Asia and Europe. Journal of Transport Geography, 18(3), 434–444.
  • McGraw, M., & Walker, H. J. (2015). Closing the Gap: Exploration and Mapping of the Alaskan Arctic Coast. Focus on Geography, 58(4), 163–172.
  • Nilsson, A. E. (2018). The United States and the making of an Arctic nation. Polar Record, 54(2), 95–107.
  • Northern Forum. (2020). History of Northern Forum. https://www.northernforum.org/en/the-northern-forum/history
  • NSIDC. (2021). Sea Ice News and Analysis. National Snow and Ice Data Center. http://nsidc.org/arcticseaicenews/2021/03/arctic-sea-ice-reaches-uneventful-maximum/
  • Oktay, A. (2017). Arctic Policy of the Russian Federation. Avrasya İncelemeleri Dergisi, 6(1), 57–95.
  • Omre, A. (2012). An economic transport system of the next generation integrating the northern and southern passages. Institutt for marin teknikk.
  • Ostreng, W., Eger, K. M., Fløistad, B., Jørgensen-Dahl, A., Lothe, L., Mejlænder-Larsen, M., & Wergeland, T. (2013). Shipping in Arctic waters: a comparison of the Northeast, Northwest and trans polar passages. Springer Science & Business Media.
  • Ouin, W. (1875). The Arctic Expedition. After Work, 2, 170–173.
  • PAME. (2021). Northern Sea Route Transits 2011-2015. Arctic Council, Protection of the Arctic Marine Environment. https://pame.is/projects/arctic-marine-shipping/older-projects/northern-sea-route-shipping-statistics
  • Peters, G. P., Nilssen, T. B., Lindholt, L., Eide, M. S., Glomsrød, S., Eide, L. I., & Fuglestvedt, J. S. (2011). Future emissions from shipping and petroleum activities in the Arctic. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 11(11), 5305–5320.
  • Serreze, M. C., & Barry, R. G. (2011). Processes and impacts of Arctic amplification: A research synthesis. Global and Planetary Change, 77(1–2), 85–96.
  • Stein, G. M. (2015). Discovering the North-West Passage: The four-year Arctic odyssey of HMS Investigator and the McClure expedition. McFarland.
  • Stephenson, S. R., Brigham, L. W., & Smith, L. C. (2014). Marine accessibility along Russia’s Northern Sea route. Polar Geography, 37(2), 111–133.
  • Stopford, M. (2008). Maritime Economics (3rd ed.). Routledge.
  • UNECE. (2013). United Nations Economic Commission for Europe ECE/TRANS/238, Climate Change Impacts and Adaptation for International Transport Networks, Expert Group Report.
  • Xu, H., Yang, D., & Weng, J. (2018). Economic feasibility of an NSR/SCR-combined container service on the Asia-Europe lane: a new approach dynamically considering sea ice extent. Maritime Policy & Management, 45(4), 514–529.

New Maritime Trade Routes in the Arctic Region: one of the Strongest Alternative to the Suez Canal

Year 2021, Volume: 8 Issue: 3, 397 - 401, 05.09.2021
https://doi.org/10.30897/ijegeo.911179

Abstract

There have been some alternative consequences of global climate change in terms of sea routes. The loss of sea ice in the Arctic has opened up new possibilities for more economical and energy efficient transport. This region has the potential to significantly reduce the distance between the three industrialized areas in the, North America, Europe and East Asia. The fact that the Arctic routes, which are currently facing some obstacles due to environmental and political reasons, will allow regular passage in the future, may be accelerated not only by climate change but also due to heavy traffic on the current Suez Canal Route (SCR). The Suez Canal is one of the most important waterways in the world, providing sea transportation between Asia-Europe-America without the need to travel through Africa. However, over time, the credibility of the Canal in terms of meeting the global supply chain has started to be questioned and alternative solutions have started to be sought. In this study, the importance of Arctic routes, which is a new and alternative route in maritime trade, is emphasized and the preference it will create against SCR is emphasized.

References

  • AEC. (2019). Arctic Economic Council Maritime Transportation Working Group Report: The State of Maritime Transportation in the Arctic. Arctic Economic Council.
  • Bennett, M. M. (2014). North by Northeast: toward an Asian-Arctic region. Eurasian Geography and Economics, 55(1), 71–93.
  • Bird, K. J., Charpentier, R. R., Gautier, D. L., Houseknecht, D. W., Klett, T. R., Pitman, J. K., Moore, T. E., Schenk, C. J., Tennyson, M. E., & Wandrey, C. R. (2008). Circum-Arctic resource appraisal: Estimates of undiscovered oil and gas north of the Arctic Circle. US Geological Survey.
  • Blunden, M. (2012). Geopolitics and the northern sea route. International Affairs, 88(1), 115–129.
  • Brigham, L. W. (2014). Polar maps: Early eighteenth century vision of a northeast passage. Polar Geography, 37(2), 134–136.
  • Çetin, O., & Büyüksağnak, Y. B. (2021). Turkey’s Interest in the Arctic Region: the Evaluation of being a Party to the Svalbard Treaty. International Journal of Environment and Geoinformatics (IJEGEO), 8(3), 350–358. https://doi.org/10.30897/ijegeo.887540
  • Curtin, P. D. (1984). Cross-cultural trade in world history (E. Burke (ed.)). Cambridge University Press.
  • Ha, K. O., Blas, J., Magdy, M., & Koh, A. (2021, March 27). How a Desert Wind Blew $10 Billion of Global Trade Off Course. Bloomberg. https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2021-03-27/how-a-desert-wind-in-suez-canal-blew-global-trade-off-course?cmpid=BBD032921_TRADE&utm_medium=email&utm_source=newsletter&utm_term=210329&utm_campaign=trade
  • Handesten, L. (2020). Nordic polar heroes. In G. Hermansson & J. Jens Lohfert (Eds.), Exploring NORDIC COOL in Literary History (Vol. 15). John Benjamins Publishing Company.
  • Ibold, S. (2018). Belt and Road Initiative. BRI Projects. https://www.beltroad-initiative.com/belt-and-road/
  • IPCC. (2001). Greenhouse Gas Emission Mitigation Scenarios and Implications. In Metz B. vd (Ed.), Climate Change 2001: Mitigation: Contribution of Working Group III to the Third Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Cambridge Uni. Press.
  • Kitagawa, H. (2008). Arctic routing: Challenges and opportunities. WMU Journal of Maritime Affairs, 7(2), 485–503.
  • Lasserre, F. (2014). Case studies of shipping along Arctic routes. Analysis and profitability perspectives for the container sector. Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, 66, 144–161.
  • Li, P., Qian, H., Howard, K. W. F., & Wu, J. (2015). Building a new and sustainable “Silk Road economic belt.” Environmental Earth Sciences, 74(10), 7267–7270.
  • Liu, M., & Kronbak, J. (2010). The potential economic viability of using the Northern Sea Route (NSR) as an alternative route between Asia and Europe. Journal of Transport Geography, 18(3), 434–444.
  • McGraw, M., & Walker, H. J. (2015). Closing the Gap: Exploration and Mapping of the Alaskan Arctic Coast. Focus on Geography, 58(4), 163–172.
  • Nilsson, A. E. (2018). The United States and the making of an Arctic nation. Polar Record, 54(2), 95–107.
  • Northern Forum. (2020). History of Northern Forum. https://www.northernforum.org/en/the-northern-forum/history
  • NSIDC. (2021). Sea Ice News and Analysis. National Snow and Ice Data Center. http://nsidc.org/arcticseaicenews/2021/03/arctic-sea-ice-reaches-uneventful-maximum/
  • Oktay, A. (2017). Arctic Policy of the Russian Federation. Avrasya İncelemeleri Dergisi, 6(1), 57–95.
  • Omre, A. (2012). An economic transport system of the next generation integrating the northern and southern passages. Institutt for marin teknikk.
  • Ostreng, W., Eger, K. M., Fløistad, B., Jørgensen-Dahl, A., Lothe, L., Mejlænder-Larsen, M., & Wergeland, T. (2013). Shipping in Arctic waters: a comparison of the Northeast, Northwest and trans polar passages. Springer Science & Business Media.
  • Ouin, W. (1875). The Arctic Expedition. After Work, 2, 170–173.
  • PAME. (2021). Northern Sea Route Transits 2011-2015. Arctic Council, Protection of the Arctic Marine Environment. https://pame.is/projects/arctic-marine-shipping/older-projects/northern-sea-route-shipping-statistics
  • Peters, G. P., Nilssen, T. B., Lindholt, L., Eide, M. S., Glomsrød, S., Eide, L. I., & Fuglestvedt, J. S. (2011). Future emissions from shipping and petroleum activities in the Arctic. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 11(11), 5305–5320.
  • Serreze, M. C., & Barry, R. G. (2011). Processes and impacts of Arctic amplification: A research synthesis. Global and Planetary Change, 77(1–2), 85–96.
  • Stein, G. M. (2015). Discovering the North-West Passage: The four-year Arctic odyssey of HMS Investigator and the McClure expedition. McFarland.
  • Stephenson, S. R., Brigham, L. W., & Smith, L. C. (2014). Marine accessibility along Russia’s Northern Sea route. Polar Geography, 37(2), 111–133.
  • Stopford, M. (2008). Maritime Economics (3rd ed.). Routledge.
  • UNECE. (2013). United Nations Economic Commission for Europe ECE/TRANS/238, Climate Change Impacts and Adaptation for International Transport Networks, Expert Group Report.
  • Xu, H., Yang, D., & Weng, J. (2018). Economic feasibility of an NSR/SCR-combined container service on the Asia-Europe lane: a new approach dynamically considering sea ice extent. Maritime Policy & Management, 45(4), 514–529.
There are 31 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Human Geography, Engineering
Journal Section Short Communications
Authors

İrşad Bayırhan 0000-0001-9404-399X

Cem Gazioğlu 0000-0002-2083-4008

Publication Date September 5, 2021
Published in Issue Year 2021 Volume: 8 Issue: 3

Cite

APA Bayırhan, İ., & Gazioğlu, C. (2021). New Maritime Trade Routes in the Arctic Region: one of the Strongest Alternative to the Suez Canal. International Journal of Environment and Geoinformatics, 8(3), 397-401. https://doi.org/10.30897/ijegeo.911179