Improvement of Haber–Bosch Process for Low Carbon Ammonia Production Through Hybrid Hydrogen Recovery and Energy Recycling

Year 2025, Volume: 1 Issue: 2, 61 - 69, 30.11.2025

Akın Doğan , Erhan Kayabaşı

Abstract

This study addresses the energy demands of the Haber–Bosch process through the integration of an innovative energy recovery system, thereby eliminating reliance on external energy sources. In contrast to conventional methods, hydrogen was generated via the water–gas shift reaction using water molecules rather than natural gas. Carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide, which are typically released as waste, were reincorporated into the process to enable recovery. Furthermore, the mass flow rates of non-utilizable molecules were converted into electrical energy through turbine systems, thereby enhancing overall process efficiency. Parametric analyses were carried out to investigate the influence of temperature and pressure on yield and conversion rates within the ammonia reactor. These analyses, supported by detailed graphical representations, revealed the pronounced effects of temperature and mass flow rate on process performance. The system was ultimately designed as a self-sustaining configuration that mitigates environmental impacts by transforming harmful by-products into usable electrical energy. Compared with conventional systems, the proposed design fulfills its energy requirements through internal recovery mechanisms and simultaneously reduces the carbon footprint by converting waste gases into electricity. Collectively, the study demonstrates a sustainable and efficient strategy for ammonia production, underscoring the critical role of energy recovery and environmental stewardship in industrial applications.

Keywords

heat recovery , hydrogen , ammonia , Haber-Bosch

Hibrit Hidrojen Geri Kazanımı ve Enerji Geri Dönüşümü Yoluyla Düşük Karbonlu Amonyak Üretimi için Haber-Bosch Prosesinin İyileştirilmesi

Abstract

Bu çalışma, yenilikçi bir enerji geri kazanım sisteminin entegrasyonu yoluyla Haber-Bosch prosesinin enerji taleplerini ele alarak harici enerji kaynaklarına olan bağımlılığı ortadan kaldırmaktadır. Geleneksel yöntemlerin aksine, hidrojen, doğal gaz yerine su molekülleri kullanılarak su-gaz dönüşüm reaksiyonu yoluyla üretilmiştir. Genellikle atık olarak salınan karbon monoksit ve karbondioksit, geri kazanımı sağlamak için prosese yeniden dahil edilmiştir. Ayrıca, kullanılamayan moleküllerin kütle akış hızları, türbin sistemleri aracılığıyla elektrik enerjisine dönüştürülerek genel proses verimliliği artırılmıştır. Amonyak reaktöründe sıcaklık ve basıncın verim ve dönüşüm hızları üzerindeki etkisini araştırmak için parametrik analizler gerçekleştirilmiştir. Ayrıntılı grafiksel gösterimlerle desteklenen bu analizler, sıcaklık ve kütle akış hızının proses performansı üzerindeki belirgin etkilerini ortaya koymuştur. Sistem, zararlı yan ürünleri kullanılabilir elektrik enerjisine dönüştürerek çevresel etkileri azaltan, kendi kendini idame ettiren bir konfigürasyon olarak tasarlanmıştır. Geleneksel sistemlerle karşılaştırıldığında, önerilen tasarım enerji gereksinimlerini dahili geri kazanım mekanizmaları aracılığıyla karşılamakta ve aynı zamanda atık gazları elektriğe dönüştürerek karbon ayak izini azaltmaktadır. Çalışma toplu olarak, amonyak üretimi için sürdürülebilir ve verimli bir stratejiyi ortaya koymakta ve endüstriyel uygulamalarda enerji geri kazanımı ve çevre yönetiminin kritik rolünü vurgulamaktadır.

Keywords

hidrojen , amonyak , heat recovery , Haber-Bosch

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