A Study of Video-Mediated Opportunities for Self-Directed Learning in Required Core Curriculum

Abstract

Improving a required course in our curriculum that has proven to be a challenge for our students was the focus of this study. Surveys of both students and instructors attempted to identify specific problem areas. Using the information from these surveys, the researchers developed a series of videos to explain vital course concepts and deployed these into the course sections. The purpose of the videos is to provide consistency across the multiple modalities in which we offer our courses (including online, classroom and via videoconferencing) and to improve overall student understanding. This project seeks to determine how supplemental content focusing on material identified as “difficult,” by students and instructors, can impact student performance. Challenges include the deployment of the videos across various modalities and obtaining sufficient student feedback.

Keywords

• Self-directed learning, self-regulated learning, videos, core curriculum

References

1. Allen, W. A. & Smith, A. R. (2012). Effects of video podcasting on psychomotor and cognitive performance, attitudes and study behavior of student physical therapists. Innovations in Education and Teaching International 49, 401-414.
2. Anderson, M. (2001). Individual characteristics and web-based courses. In C. R. Wolfe (Ed.).Learning and teaching on the World Wide Web (pp. 45-72). San Diego, CA: Academic Press.
3. Anderson, T., & Shattuck, J. (2012). Design-based research: A decade of progress in education research? Educational Researcher, 41(1), 16-25.
4. Astleitner, H., & Wiesner, C. (2004). An integrated model of multimedia learning and motivation. Journal of Educational Multimedia and Hypermedia, 13, 3-21.
5. Bagui, S. (1998). Reasons for increased learning using multimedia. Journal of Educational Multimedia and Hypermedia, 7, 3-18.
6. Barford, J. & Weston, C. (1997). The use of video as a teaching resource in a new university. British Journal of Educational Technology, 28, 40-50.
7. Borokhovski, E., Bernard, R. M., Tamim, R. & Schmid, R.F. (2015). Technology integration in postsecondary education: A summary of findings of a series of meta-analytical research. In S. Carliner, C. Fulford & N. Ostashewski (Eds.), Proceedings of EdMedia: World Conference on Educational Media and Technology 2015 (pp. 1764-1774). Association for the Advancement of Computing in Education (AACE).
8. Brame, C. J. (2015). Effective educational videos. Retrieved from http://cft.vanderbilt.edu/guides-sub-pages/effective-educational-videos/.

9. Bravo, E., Amante, B., Simo, P., Enache, M., & Fernandez, V. (2011). Video as a new teaching tool to increase student motivation. 2011 IEEE Global Engineering Education Conference (EDUCON), pp. 638-642. doi: 10.1109/EDUCON.2011.5773205
10. Brown, S. (2004-05). Assessment for learning. Learning and Teaching in Higher Education, 1, 81-89.
11. Buzzell, P. R., Chamberlain, V. M., & Pintauro, S. J. (2002). The effectiveness of web-based, multimedia tutorials for teaching methods of human body composition analysis. Advances in Physiology Education, 26, pp. 21-29.
12. Christman, D., & House, B. (2014, February). Student Apathy and Disengagement in American Higher Education: Growing Problem or Campus Myth? Retrieved from: https://www.fandm.edu/uploads/files/672467760263061773-christman-junto-paper-1314-original.pdf
13. Conradie, P. W. (2014). Supporting self-directed learning by connectivism and personal learning environments. International Journal of Information and Education Technology, 4, 3.
14. Fletcher, J. D. (2003). Evidence for learning from technology-assisted instruction. In H. F. O'Neil, Jr. & R. S. Perez (Eds.), Technology applications in education: A learning view (pp. 79-99). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
15. Green, S., Voegeli, D., Harrison, M., Phillips, J., Knowles, J., Weaver, M., & Shephard, K. (2003). Evaluating the use of streaming video to support student learning in a first-year life sciences course for student nurses. Nurse Education Today, 23, 255-261.
16. Hahn, E. (2012). Video lectures help enhance online information literacy course. Reference Services Review, 40(1), 49-60. doi: 10.1108/00907321211203621
17. Herman, G.L. (2012). Designing contributing student pedagogies to promote students’ intrinsic motivation to learn. Computer Science Education, 22, 369-388. doi: 10.1080/08993408.2012.727711
18. Hsin, W. J. & Cigas, J. (2013). Short videos improve student learning in online education. Journal of Computing Sciences in Colleges 28, 253-259.
19. Janda, K. (1992). Multimedia in political science: Sobering lessons from a teaching experiment. Journal of Educational Multimedia and Hypermedia, 1, 341-354.
20. Jossberger, H., Brandgruwel, S., Boshuizen, H., & Van De Wiel, M. (2010). The challenge of self‐directed and self‐regulated learning in vocational education: a theoretical analysis and synthesis of requirements. Journal of Vocational Education & Training, 62, 415-440.
21. Kay, R.H. (2012). Exploring the use of video podcasts in education: A comprehensive review of the literature. Computers in Human Behavior 28, 820-831.
22. Kozma, R. (1991). Learning with media. Review of Educational Research, 61, 179-211.
23. Ley, K., & Young, D. B. (2001). Instructional principles for self-regulation. Educational
24. Technology Research and Development, 49, 93-105.
25. Lloyd, S. A. & Robertson, C. L. (2012). Screencast tutorials enhance student learning of statistics. Teaching of Psychology 39, 67-71.
26. Ludwig, T., Daniel, D. B., Froman, R., & Mathie, V. A. (2004). Using Multimedia in Classroom Presentations: Best Principles. Society for the Teaching of Psychology Pedagogical Innovations Task Force.
27. Mayer, R. E. (2001). Multimedia learning. New York: Cambridge University Press.
28. Nicol, D., & MacFarlane-Dick, D. (2006). Formative assessment and self-regulated learning: A model and seven principles of good feedback practice. Studies in Higher Education, 31, 199-218. doi: 10.1080/03075070600572090
29. Palmer, S. (2007). An evaluation of streaming digital video resources in on and off-campus engineering management education. Computers & Education, 49, 297-308.
30. Rackaway, C. (2012). Video killed the textbook star?: Use of multimedia supplements to enhance student learning. Journal of Political Science Education, 8(2), 189-200.
31. Reinking, D., & Bradley, B.A. (2006). Connecting research and practice using formative and design experiments. In N.K. Duke & M.H. Mallette (Eds.), Literacy research methodologies. New York, NY: Teachers College Press.
32. Reinking, D., & Bradley, B.A. (2008). On formative and design experiments: Approaches to language and literacy research. New York, NY: Teachers College Press.
33. Schmid R. F., Bernard, R. M., Borokhovski, E, Tamim, R. M., Abrami, P. C., Surkes, M. A., Wade, C. A., & Woods, J. (2014). The effects of technology use in postsecondary education: A meta-analysis of classroom applications. Computers & Education, 72, 271-291.
34. Simo, P., Fernandez, V., Algaba, I., Salan, N., Enache, M., Albareda-Sambola, M. (2010). Video stream and teaching channels: Quantitative analysis of the use of low-cost educational videos on the web. Procedia Social and Behavioral Sciences, 2, 2937-2941.
35. Skiff, D., & Beckendorf, P. (2009). Self-directed learning: a key ingredient for comprehensive training curriculum. Pipeline and Gas Journal, 236, 76-77.
36. Targamadze, A. & Petrauskiene, R. (2010). Impact of information technologies on modern learning. Information Technology and Control, 39, 169-175.
37. Van den Akker, J., Gravemeijer, K., McKenney, S., & Nieveen, N. (Eds.). (2006). Educational design research. London: Routledge.
38. Williams, C. & Harkin, P. (1999). Multimedia computer-based learning: A developing role in teaching, CPD and patient care. Advances in Psychiatric Treatment, 5, 390-394.
39. Yarbrough, D. N. (2001). A comparative analysis of student satisfaction and learning in a computer-assisted environment versus a lecture environment. Journal on Excellence in College Teaching, 12, 129-147.
40. Zimmerman, B. J. (1989). A social cognitive view of self-regulated academic learning. Journal of Educational Psychology, 81, 329-339.
41. Zimmerman, B. J. (2005). Attaining self-regulation: A social cognitive perspective. In M. Boekaerts, P. R. Pintrich, & M. Zeidner (Eds.). Handbook of self-regulation, (pp. 13 –42).