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AN ANALYSIS OF ELECTRO-MELTING AND HOT ELEMENT WELDING METHODS’ SAFETY USED TO JOIN PE NATURAL GAS PIPES

Year 2013, Volume: 3 Issue: 2, 493 - 504, 01.12.2013

Abstract

Use of natural gas as an eco-friendly and user-friendly fuel increases day by day, in parallel to developments in
industry and need for comfort. The common use of natural gas arouses interest about gas transfer and joining of pipes in
order to install gas pipe lines. In this study, two methods to join PE plastic pipes are compared: electro-melting welding and
hot element (butt) welding methods. Tests are applied in order to measure the leaktightness and strength properties of the
joined pipes in ambient conditions similar to actual working conditions. Results of the standardized tests are compared.
Consequently, electro-melting welding is found to be the ideal method for pipes of certain diameters. However, for main
transfer line pipes (of larger diameters), hot butt welding gave more successful results.

References

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  • Polyethylene Butt Fusion Joints”, American Society for Trenchless Technology, McElroy Manufacturing, Inc. Florida. Ogorkiewicz RM., 1970. “Engineering Properties
  • Interscience, London. p .249 – 317. North of Thermoplastics”, Willey- GEV–ATB–2009. “Plastik Malzemeleri
  • Birleştirme Yöntemleri”, Gedik Eğitim Vakfı. ASTM D2657-97. 2002. “Standard Practice for Heat Fusion Joining of Polyolefin Pipe and Fittings”, Volume 8.04. American Society of
  • Testing and Materials. Baltimore. Jun, H. Y, Grimm RA. 1998, “Infrared welding of thermoplastics: Practical thermoplastics”, Proceedings of , Conference Proceedings, termoplastics”, Welding Journal, Vol. 83, No. , p. 45- 47. October. “Welding of
  • Steven A., Kocheny, S. A., and Miller, B., “Laser Welding: It’s Not Just for Metals Anymore”, Welding Journal, Vol. 88, No. 3, p. 30. “Fabricated Procedure”, Technical Bulletin: TB-0308
  • FF, FPR IDC and NIDC Fittings. Fusion Fitting Butt http:// www.akatherm.com/files/ Pressure/ Weld ing %20polyolefins.pdf. ASTM F1056-97. 2002. “Standard
  • Specification for Socket Fusion Tools for Use in Socket Fusion Joining Polyethylene Pipe or Tubing and Fittings”, Volume 04. American Society of Testing and Materials. Baltimore. Plastics Pipe Institute Inc. 2009. “Recommended
  • Guidelines for PE Pipe Butt Fusion Joining Operators for Municipal and Industrial Projects”, TN-42/September 2009. Training
  • Runcev, D., Trpkovski. Lj., 2008. ”
  • Heated Tool Butt Welding Of PE Pipes”, 8 International Manufacturing Operations, p. 21- 25. Advanced Crawford S. L., Cumblidge S. E., Hall T. E., Anderson M. T., 2008. “Preliminary Assessment
  • Inspection of HDPE Butt Fusion Piping Joints for Lack of Fusion”, Prepared for the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission under U.S. Department of Energy. on General Guidelines for the Heat Fusion of Unlike Polyethylene Pipes and Fittings, Report TN-13, Plastics Pipe Institute, Washington, DC. Arthur. E., 2006. “Inspection of
  • Fusion Joints in Plastic Pipe”, National Energy Technology Laboratory, February The Plastics Pipe Institute, Inc. 105 Decker Court, Suite 825, Irving, TX 75062 P: www.plasticpipe.org
  • TR-45/2008, Butt Fusion Joining
  • Procedure For Field Joining of Polyamide- , January 2008
  • Starostin N. P., Ammosova O. A., “Thermal Processes in Butt-Welding Polyethylene Pipe at Low Ambient Temperatures”, Research, Vol. 29, No. 1, p. 12–16. Engineering Arkema Inc. , 2004. “Optimization of
  • Parameters Influencing Butt Fusion Integrity in Polyamide 11 Pipe”, King of Prussia, 900 First Avenue, PA 19406
  • PE Jointing Technics, www.tega com.tr Messer, B., Yarmuch, M., Boer, P., “Novel High Resolution Defect Detection For Thermoplastic Butt-Welds”, Pipeline & Gas Journal, Services Inc. Vol. 230, p. 46, March, 2003 RTD Quality
  • Dong. H. N., 2005, “A Study of The Combined Socket anda Butt Welding of
  • Plastic Pipes Using Through Transmission İnfrared Welding”, Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirement for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of The Ohio State University Fujikake. M., Fukumura. M., Kitao. K., 1997. “Analysis of the electrofusion joining process in polyethylene gas piping systems”, Proceedings of the 11th ADINA Conference, September 1997, Pages 939-948 , Issues 6,
  • Jack. Q. Z., Lyne. D., Denis. B., 2002.
  • “Effect of joint contamination on the quality polyethylene Canadian Journal Civil Engineering 29(5): –798 high-density pipe joints”, Kaluç, E., Taban, E., 2005. “Doğalgaz
  • Boru Hatlarında Kullanılan Polietilen Boruların Kaynağı”, MakinaTek, Bileşim Yayıncılık, s. 118 - 124, İstanbul. html Alet_Listesi/MSA300.pdf Donoghue, P. E., Kanninen, M. F., Green, S. T. and Grigory, S. C. 1991,
  • “Results of a thermomechanical analysis model for EF joining of PE gas pipes”, In Proceedings of Twelfth Plastic Fuel Gas Pipe Symposium, p. 331–342, Boston. Polytubes Technical Note, 2007. “Butt POLYETHYLENE,
  • Polytubes Technical Bulletin. July 2007. Technical Note.
  • Takasu, N,. 2003. “Friction welding of plastics”, Selected from journal of the Japan
  • International” , 17(11), p.856, 2003. Welding
  • Barber P, Atkinson JR. 1994. “The use of tensile tests to determine the optimum conditions for butt fusion welding certain grades of polyethylene”, polybutene-1 and polypropylene pipes. J. of Materials science, p.1456.
  • M.G. Murch, M.J. Troughton, 1993.
  • “A Study of the Applicability of the Tensile Weld Test for Thick Walled Polyethylene Pipe”, TWI, p. 757. Murch, M.G., Troughton, M.J., 1993.
  • “A Study of the Applicability of the Tensile Weld Test for Thick Walled Polyethylene Pipe”, TWI, p. 757 Saint Royre, D., Gueugnaut, D. and Reveret, D. 1989. “Test meth - 1995. odology for the determination of optimum fusion
  • Manual”, Version 5.3, Hibbit, Karlsson conditions of PE. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., p.147–162 Theory Fischer. W., 1999. “Experts for Pipes and Engineering, Regensburg, Germany. Fischer
Year 2013, Volume: 3 Issue: 2, 493 - 504, 01.12.2013

Abstract

References

  • Anık, S., Dikicioğlu, A., and Vural, M. “Termoplastik Malzemelerin Kaynağı”, Kaynak Tekniği Derneği, Yayın No. 2, İstanbul. Jim Craig, P. E. 2005. “QA Technology for
  • Polyethylene Butt Fusion Joints”, American Society for Trenchless Technology, McElroy Manufacturing, Inc. Florida. Ogorkiewicz RM., 1970. “Engineering Properties
  • Interscience, London. p .249 – 317. North of Thermoplastics”, Willey- GEV–ATB–2009. “Plastik Malzemeleri
  • Birleştirme Yöntemleri”, Gedik Eğitim Vakfı. ASTM D2657-97. 2002. “Standard Practice for Heat Fusion Joining of Polyolefin Pipe and Fittings”, Volume 8.04. American Society of
  • Testing and Materials. Baltimore. Jun, H. Y, Grimm RA. 1998, “Infrared welding of thermoplastics: Practical thermoplastics”, Proceedings of , Conference Proceedings, termoplastics”, Welding Journal, Vol. 83, No. , p. 45- 47. October. “Welding of
  • Steven A., Kocheny, S. A., and Miller, B., “Laser Welding: It’s Not Just for Metals Anymore”, Welding Journal, Vol. 88, No. 3, p. 30. “Fabricated Procedure”, Technical Bulletin: TB-0308
  • FF, FPR IDC and NIDC Fittings. Fusion Fitting Butt http:// www.akatherm.com/files/ Pressure/ Weld ing %20polyolefins.pdf. ASTM F1056-97. 2002. “Standard
  • Specification for Socket Fusion Tools for Use in Socket Fusion Joining Polyethylene Pipe or Tubing and Fittings”, Volume 04. American Society of Testing and Materials. Baltimore. Plastics Pipe Institute Inc. 2009. “Recommended
  • Guidelines for PE Pipe Butt Fusion Joining Operators for Municipal and Industrial Projects”, TN-42/September 2009. Training
  • Runcev, D., Trpkovski. Lj., 2008. ”
  • Heated Tool Butt Welding Of PE Pipes”, 8 International Manufacturing Operations, p. 21- 25. Advanced Crawford S. L., Cumblidge S. E., Hall T. E., Anderson M. T., 2008. “Preliminary Assessment
  • Inspection of HDPE Butt Fusion Piping Joints for Lack of Fusion”, Prepared for the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission under U.S. Department of Energy. on General Guidelines for the Heat Fusion of Unlike Polyethylene Pipes and Fittings, Report TN-13, Plastics Pipe Institute, Washington, DC. Arthur. E., 2006. “Inspection of
  • Fusion Joints in Plastic Pipe”, National Energy Technology Laboratory, February The Plastics Pipe Institute, Inc. 105 Decker Court, Suite 825, Irving, TX 75062 P: www.plasticpipe.org
  • TR-45/2008, Butt Fusion Joining
  • Procedure For Field Joining of Polyamide- , January 2008
  • Starostin N. P., Ammosova O. A., “Thermal Processes in Butt-Welding Polyethylene Pipe at Low Ambient Temperatures”, Research, Vol. 29, No. 1, p. 12–16. Engineering Arkema Inc. , 2004. “Optimization of
  • Parameters Influencing Butt Fusion Integrity in Polyamide 11 Pipe”, King of Prussia, 900 First Avenue, PA 19406
  • PE Jointing Technics, www.tega com.tr Messer, B., Yarmuch, M., Boer, P., “Novel High Resolution Defect Detection For Thermoplastic Butt-Welds”, Pipeline & Gas Journal, Services Inc. Vol. 230, p. 46, March, 2003 RTD Quality
  • Dong. H. N., 2005, “A Study of The Combined Socket anda Butt Welding of
  • Plastic Pipes Using Through Transmission İnfrared Welding”, Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirement for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of The Ohio State University Fujikake. M., Fukumura. M., Kitao. K., 1997. “Analysis of the electrofusion joining process in polyethylene gas piping systems”, Proceedings of the 11th ADINA Conference, September 1997, Pages 939-948 , Issues 6,
  • Jack. Q. Z., Lyne. D., Denis. B., 2002.
  • “Effect of joint contamination on the quality polyethylene Canadian Journal Civil Engineering 29(5): –798 high-density pipe joints”, Kaluç, E., Taban, E., 2005. “Doğalgaz
  • Boru Hatlarında Kullanılan Polietilen Boruların Kaynağı”, MakinaTek, Bileşim Yayıncılık, s. 118 - 124, İstanbul. html Alet_Listesi/MSA300.pdf Donoghue, P. E., Kanninen, M. F., Green, S. T. and Grigory, S. C. 1991,
  • “Results of a thermomechanical analysis model for EF joining of PE gas pipes”, In Proceedings of Twelfth Plastic Fuel Gas Pipe Symposium, p. 331–342, Boston. Polytubes Technical Note, 2007. “Butt POLYETHYLENE,
  • Polytubes Technical Bulletin. July 2007. Technical Note.
  • Takasu, N,. 2003. “Friction welding of plastics”, Selected from journal of the Japan
  • International” , 17(11), p.856, 2003. Welding
  • Barber P, Atkinson JR. 1994. “The use of tensile tests to determine the optimum conditions for butt fusion welding certain grades of polyethylene”, polybutene-1 and polypropylene pipes. J. of Materials science, p.1456.
  • M.G. Murch, M.J. Troughton, 1993.
  • “A Study of the Applicability of the Tensile Weld Test for Thick Walled Polyethylene Pipe”, TWI, p. 757. Murch, M.G., Troughton, M.J., 1993.
  • “A Study of the Applicability of the Tensile Weld Test for Thick Walled Polyethylene Pipe”, TWI, p. 757 Saint Royre, D., Gueugnaut, D. and Reveret, D. 1989. “Test meth - 1995. odology for the determination of optimum fusion
  • Manual”, Version 5.3, Hibbit, Karlsson conditions of PE. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., p.147–162 Theory Fischer. W., 1999. “Experts for Pipes and Engineering, Regensburg, Germany. Fischer
There are 32 citations in total.

Details

Other ID JA72UR37VE
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Adnan Akkurt This is me

Publication Date December 1, 2013
Published in Issue Year 2013 Volume: 3 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Akkurt, A. (2013). AN ANALYSIS OF ELECTRO-MELTING AND HOT ELEMENT WELDING METHODS’ SAFETY USED TO JOIN PE NATURAL GAS PIPES. International Journal of Electronics Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering, 3(2), 493-504.