Modern Technologies in Remediation of Heavy Metals in Soils

Year 2019, Volume: 2 Issue: 1, 10 - 19, 02.01.2019

Alaa Zaghloul Mohamed Saber

Abstract

Environmental pollution becomes
an important paradigm in our society to reservation of the environment.
Worldwide, concerns have been voiced about numerous soil and water
contaminants. The concern comes from the fact that the magnification of very
small amounts of these pollutants have resulted in adverse effects on bio-systems.
The increasing use of heavy metal-contaminated sewage sludge as agricultural
fertilizer, these elements may pass into the soil solution where plant uptake
or leaching to groundwater can contaminate the food chain. Several cleanup
methods have been investigated, which can be divided into two groups: those
that remove contaminants and those that transform pollutants into harmless
forms (immobilization) by fixation, oxidation, etc. These cleanup technologies
can be applied on- or off-site, utilizing three kinds of remediation
treatments: biological, physical, and chemical techniques. It is most
convenient to divide them into three major categories: first, electro kinetic methods, second chemical
methods such as solidification, precipitation, or ion exchange, and third, biological methods, which use
plants or microorganism to remove heavy metals. In the past few years,
innovative approaches such as passive treatment technologies
for soil and groundwater contaminations have been developed. The following
state of art introduces the various remediation technologies applied in
contaminated soil systems with comments about the best of these technologies
should be applied under Egyptian conditions to minimize their injures.

Keywords

Remediation

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