Research Article
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Investigation of conversion of a diesel engine to homogeneous charge compression ignition engine using n-heptane: A zero-dimensional modeling

Year 2023, , 535 - 556, 22.09.2023
https://doi.org/10.58559/ijes.1325924

Abstract

Numerical methods are commonly used for analyzing combustion characteristics. Besides, they provide an opportunity to predict emissions of an engine. In this paper, the conversion of a single-cylinder diesel engine to HCCI combustion model is investigated with AVL Boost v2021R2. The model was used to simulate the power, emission, bsfc value. In-cylinder pressure results also are obtained from the model. Verification of the model is conducted with experimental data from the literature. The differentiation between the numerical and experimental results remained below 8.9% for the power, below 6.62% for bsfc. In addition to this, the model gave maximum pressure values with an accuracy of ± 1%, and maximum HRR values with an accuracy of ± 2%. Maximum HRR values and in-cylinder pressure curves for 1200-2400 rpm were obtained with acceptable accuracy. Besides, the operating range of an HCCI engine fueled with n-heptane was investigated using a zero-dimensional single-zone model with reduced fuel chemistry. The compression ratio and inlet air temperature effect on HCCI combustion were analyzed. The increasing the air inlet temperature to 40oC from 20oC, increases the lowest air-fuel ratio about 6.6% which the engine can operate without entering the knock zone, at 17.5 CR at 1200rpm.

Supporting Institution

TÜBİTAK

Project Number

122M511

Thanks

We would like to express our gratitude to AVL LIST GmbH for providing AVL Boost software as part of the University Partnership Program. We would also like to thank TÜBİTAK for their support to 122M511 project.

References

  • [1] Chen J. Computational study of combustion characteristics and flame stability of a cavity-stabilized burner. International Journal of Energy Studies 2022; 7(1): 21-48.
  • [2] Aktas F. Performance and emission prediction of hydrogen addition to natural gas. International Journal of Energy Studies 2022; 7(1): 67-81.
  • [3] Alqahtani A, Shokrollahihassanbarough F, Wyszynski ML. Thermodynamic simulation comparison of AVL BOOST and Ricardo WAVE for HCCI and SI engines optimisation. Combustion Engines 2015; 161(2): 68-72.
  • [4] Aktaş F, Karaaslan S, Kılıç M, Yücel N. Farklı oranlarda etanol ve metanol katkısının tam yük altında dört silindirli dizel bir motorun performans ve emisyon değerlerine olan etkilerinin sayısal olarak incelenmesi. Politeknik Dergisi 2019; 22(4): 967-977.
  • [5] Iclodean C, Burnete N. Optimization of combustion parameters for CI engines. Research Journal of Agricultural Science 2012; 44(1): 258-267.
  • [6] Juknelevičius R, Rimkus A, Pukaşskas S, Matijosius J. Research of performance and emission indicators of the compression-ignition engine powered by hydrogen - diesel mixtures. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 2019; 44(20): 10129-10138.
  • [7] Zhao H. Motivation, definition and history of HCCI/CAI Engines. HCCI and CAI Engines for the Automotive Industry, Woodhead Publishing, London, 2007, 1-18.
  • [8] Hussaini SY, Lahane S, Patil NG. Analysis of performance and emission characteristics of a homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI) engine. Procedia Technology 2016; 25: 854-861.
  • [9] Bendu H, Murugan S. Homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI) combustion: Mixture preparation and control strategies in diesel engines. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 2014; 38: 732-746.
  • [10] Polat S, Yücesu HS, Uyumaz A, Kannan K, Shahbakhti M. An experimental investigation on combustion and performance characteristics of supercharged HCCI operation in low compression ratio engine setting. Applied Thermal Engineering 2020; 180: 115858.
  • [11] Babagiray M, Kocakulak T, Ardebili SMS, Calam A, Solmaz H. Optimization of operating conditions in a homogeneous charge compression ignition engine with variable compression ratio. Internatıonal Journal of Environmental Science and Technology 2023; 20(5): 5311-5332.
  • [12] Kyeonghyeon L, Seokwon C, Namho K, Kyoungdoug M. A study on combustion control and operating range expansion of gasoline HCCI. Energy 2015; 91: 1038-1048.
  • [13] Ghojel J. Review of the development and applications of the Wiebe function: A tribute to the contribution of Ivan Wiebe to engine research. International Journal of Engine Research 2010; 11(4): 297-312.
  • [14] Fathi M, Jahanian O, Shahbakhti M. Modeling and controller design architecture for cycle-by-cycle combustion control of homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI) engines – A comprehensive review. Energy Conversion Managment 2017; 139: 1-19.
  • [15] Yao M, Zheng Z, Liu H. Progress and recent trends in homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI) engines. Progress in Energy and Combustion Science 2009; 35(5) 398-437.
  • [16] Woschni G. A Universally applicable equation for the instantaneous heat transfer coefficient in internal combustion engines. SAE Technical Paper 1978; 6700931.
  • [17] Hasan MM, Rahman MM, Kadirgama K, Ramasamy D. Numerical study of engine parameters on combustion and performance characteristics in an n-heptane fueled HCCI engine. Applied Thermal Engineering 2018; 128: 1464-1475.
  • [18] Feng H, Zhang C, Wang M, Liu D, Yang X, Chia-fon L. Availability analysis of n-heptane/iso-octane blends during. Energy Conversion and Management 2014; 84: 613-622.
  • [19] Mazda SKYACTIV-X: A revolutionary new combustion engine, 15.05.2023. Avaliable: https://www.mazda.com/en/innovation/mazda-stories/engineers/skyactiv-x/
  • [20] Nissan motor corporation HCCI (homogeneous-charge compression ignition, 16.05.2023. https://www.nissan-global.com/EN/INNOVATION/TECHNOLOGY/ARCHIVE/HCCI/
  • [21] AVL BOOST-2021R2 Theory Guide, 2021 AVL List GmbH, Graz, Austria.
  • [22] A. L. GmbH, AVL BOOST-2021R2 User Guide, 2021 AVL List GmbH, Graz, Austria.
  • [23] Andree A, Pachernegg S. Ignition conditions in diesel engines. SAE Technical Paper 1969; 690253.
  • [24] Barroso G. Chemical kinetic mechanism reduction, multizone and 3D-CRF modelling of homogeneous charge compression ignition engines. ETH Zürich, Switzerland, 2006.
  • [25] Anadolu motor use and maintenance manual 3LD510, Kocaeli: Anadolu Motor Üretim ve Pazarlama AŞ. 2010.
  • [26] Aydın S, Sayın C. Impact of thermal barrier coating application on the combustion, performance and emissions of a diesel engine fueled with waste cooking oil biodiesel–diesel blends. Fuel 2014: 136; 334-340.
  • [27] Aydın S. Yanma odası yüzeyleri ZrO2, MgO ve Al2O3 ile yalıtılmış bir dizel motorunda biyoyakıt kullanımının performans, emisyon ve yanma karakteristiklerine etkisinin incelenmesi. PhD Thesis, Marmara University, 2014.
  • [28] Yao M, Zheng Z, Liu H. Progress and recent trends in homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI) engine. Progress in Energy and Combustion Science 2009; 398-437.
  • [29]Polat S. An experimental investigation on combustion, performance, and ringing operation characteristics of a low compression ratio early direct injection HCCI engine with ethanol fuel blends. Fuel 2020; 277: 118092.
  • [30] Cinar C, Uyumaz A, Solmaz H, Sahin F, Polat S, Yılmaz E, Effects of intake air temperature on combustion, performance and emission characteristics of a HCCI engine fueled with the blends of 20% n-heptane and 80% isooctane fuels. Fuel Processing Technology 2015; 130: 275-281.
Year 2023, , 535 - 556, 22.09.2023
https://doi.org/10.58559/ijes.1325924

Abstract

Project Number

122M511

References

  • [1] Chen J. Computational study of combustion characteristics and flame stability of a cavity-stabilized burner. International Journal of Energy Studies 2022; 7(1): 21-48.
  • [2] Aktas F. Performance and emission prediction of hydrogen addition to natural gas. International Journal of Energy Studies 2022; 7(1): 67-81.
  • [3] Alqahtani A, Shokrollahihassanbarough F, Wyszynski ML. Thermodynamic simulation comparison of AVL BOOST and Ricardo WAVE for HCCI and SI engines optimisation. Combustion Engines 2015; 161(2): 68-72.
  • [4] Aktaş F, Karaaslan S, Kılıç M, Yücel N. Farklı oranlarda etanol ve metanol katkısının tam yük altında dört silindirli dizel bir motorun performans ve emisyon değerlerine olan etkilerinin sayısal olarak incelenmesi. Politeknik Dergisi 2019; 22(4): 967-977.
  • [5] Iclodean C, Burnete N. Optimization of combustion parameters for CI engines. Research Journal of Agricultural Science 2012; 44(1): 258-267.
  • [6] Juknelevičius R, Rimkus A, Pukaşskas S, Matijosius J. Research of performance and emission indicators of the compression-ignition engine powered by hydrogen - diesel mixtures. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 2019; 44(20): 10129-10138.
  • [7] Zhao H. Motivation, definition and history of HCCI/CAI Engines. HCCI and CAI Engines for the Automotive Industry, Woodhead Publishing, London, 2007, 1-18.
  • [8] Hussaini SY, Lahane S, Patil NG. Analysis of performance and emission characteristics of a homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI) engine. Procedia Technology 2016; 25: 854-861.
  • [9] Bendu H, Murugan S. Homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI) combustion: Mixture preparation and control strategies in diesel engines. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 2014; 38: 732-746.
  • [10] Polat S, Yücesu HS, Uyumaz A, Kannan K, Shahbakhti M. An experimental investigation on combustion and performance characteristics of supercharged HCCI operation in low compression ratio engine setting. Applied Thermal Engineering 2020; 180: 115858.
  • [11] Babagiray M, Kocakulak T, Ardebili SMS, Calam A, Solmaz H. Optimization of operating conditions in a homogeneous charge compression ignition engine with variable compression ratio. Internatıonal Journal of Environmental Science and Technology 2023; 20(5): 5311-5332.
  • [12] Kyeonghyeon L, Seokwon C, Namho K, Kyoungdoug M. A study on combustion control and operating range expansion of gasoline HCCI. Energy 2015; 91: 1038-1048.
  • [13] Ghojel J. Review of the development and applications of the Wiebe function: A tribute to the contribution of Ivan Wiebe to engine research. International Journal of Engine Research 2010; 11(4): 297-312.
  • [14] Fathi M, Jahanian O, Shahbakhti M. Modeling and controller design architecture for cycle-by-cycle combustion control of homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI) engines – A comprehensive review. Energy Conversion Managment 2017; 139: 1-19.
  • [15] Yao M, Zheng Z, Liu H. Progress and recent trends in homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI) engines. Progress in Energy and Combustion Science 2009; 35(5) 398-437.
  • [16] Woschni G. A Universally applicable equation for the instantaneous heat transfer coefficient in internal combustion engines. SAE Technical Paper 1978; 6700931.
  • [17] Hasan MM, Rahman MM, Kadirgama K, Ramasamy D. Numerical study of engine parameters on combustion and performance characteristics in an n-heptane fueled HCCI engine. Applied Thermal Engineering 2018; 128: 1464-1475.
  • [18] Feng H, Zhang C, Wang M, Liu D, Yang X, Chia-fon L. Availability analysis of n-heptane/iso-octane blends during. Energy Conversion and Management 2014; 84: 613-622.
  • [19] Mazda SKYACTIV-X: A revolutionary new combustion engine, 15.05.2023. Avaliable: https://www.mazda.com/en/innovation/mazda-stories/engineers/skyactiv-x/
  • [20] Nissan motor corporation HCCI (homogeneous-charge compression ignition, 16.05.2023. https://www.nissan-global.com/EN/INNOVATION/TECHNOLOGY/ARCHIVE/HCCI/
  • [21] AVL BOOST-2021R2 Theory Guide, 2021 AVL List GmbH, Graz, Austria.
  • [22] A. L. GmbH, AVL BOOST-2021R2 User Guide, 2021 AVL List GmbH, Graz, Austria.
  • [23] Andree A, Pachernegg S. Ignition conditions in diesel engines. SAE Technical Paper 1969; 690253.
  • [24] Barroso G. Chemical kinetic mechanism reduction, multizone and 3D-CRF modelling of homogeneous charge compression ignition engines. ETH Zürich, Switzerland, 2006.
  • [25] Anadolu motor use and maintenance manual 3LD510, Kocaeli: Anadolu Motor Üretim ve Pazarlama AŞ. 2010.
  • [26] Aydın S, Sayın C. Impact of thermal barrier coating application on the combustion, performance and emissions of a diesel engine fueled with waste cooking oil biodiesel–diesel blends. Fuel 2014: 136; 334-340.
  • [27] Aydın S. Yanma odası yüzeyleri ZrO2, MgO ve Al2O3 ile yalıtılmış bir dizel motorunda biyoyakıt kullanımının performans, emisyon ve yanma karakteristiklerine etkisinin incelenmesi. PhD Thesis, Marmara University, 2014.
  • [28] Yao M, Zheng Z, Liu H. Progress and recent trends in homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI) engine. Progress in Energy and Combustion Science 2009; 398-437.
  • [29]Polat S. An experimental investigation on combustion, performance, and ringing operation characteristics of a low compression ratio early direct injection HCCI engine with ethanol fuel blends. Fuel 2020; 277: 118092.
  • [30] Cinar C, Uyumaz A, Solmaz H, Sahin F, Polat S, Yılmaz E, Effects of intake air temperature on combustion, performance and emission characteristics of a HCCI engine fueled with the blends of 20% n-heptane and 80% isooctane fuels. Fuel Processing Technology 2015; 130: 275-281.
There are 30 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Internal Combustion Engines
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Gonca Kethudaoglu 0000-0003-0432-7417

Fatih Aktaş 0000-0002-1594-5002

Salih Karaaslan 0000-0001-7957-2041

Seyfi Polat 0000-0002-7196-3053

Nureddin Dinler 0000-0002-2872-9050

Project Number 122M511
Publication Date September 22, 2023
Submission Date July 17, 2023
Acceptance Date August 17, 2023
Published in Issue Year 2023

Cite

APA Kethudaoglu, G., Aktaş, F., Karaaslan, S., Polat, S., et al. (2023). Investigation of conversion of a diesel engine to homogeneous charge compression ignition engine using n-heptane: A zero-dimensional modeling. International Journal of Energy Studies, 8(3), 535-556. https://doi.org/10.58559/ijes.1325924
AMA Kethudaoglu G, Aktaş F, Karaaslan S, Polat S, Dinler N. Investigation of conversion of a diesel engine to homogeneous charge compression ignition engine using n-heptane: A zero-dimensional modeling. Int J Energy Studies. September 2023;8(3):535-556. doi:10.58559/ijes.1325924
Chicago Kethudaoglu, Gonca, Fatih Aktaş, Salih Karaaslan, Seyfi Polat, and Nureddin Dinler. “Investigation of Conversion of a Diesel Engine to Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition Engine Using N-Heptane: A Zero-Dimensional Modeling”. International Journal of Energy Studies 8, no. 3 (September 2023): 535-56. https://doi.org/10.58559/ijes.1325924.
EndNote Kethudaoglu G, Aktaş F, Karaaslan S, Polat S, Dinler N (September 1, 2023) Investigation of conversion of a diesel engine to homogeneous charge compression ignition engine using n-heptane: A zero-dimensional modeling. International Journal of Energy Studies 8 3 535–556.
IEEE G. Kethudaoglu, F. Aktaş, S. Karaaslan, S. Polat, and N. Dinler, “Investigation of conversion of a diesel engine to homogeneous charge compression ignition engine using n-heptane: A zero-dimensional modeling”, Int J Energy Studies, vol. 8, no. 3, pp. 535–556, 2023, doi: 10.58559/ijes.1325924.
ISNAD Kethudaoglu, Gonca et al. “Investigation of Conversion of a Diesel Engine to Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition Engine Using N-Heptane: A Zero-Dimensional Modeling”. International Journal of Energy Studies 8/3 (September 2023), 535-556. https://doi.org/10.58559/ijes.1325924.
JAMA Kethudaoglu G, Aktaş F, Karaaslan S, Polat S, Dinler N. Investigation of conversion of a diesel engine to homogeneous charge compression ignition engine using n-heptane: A zero-dimensional modeling. Int J Energy Studies. 2023;8:535–556.
MLA Kethudaoglu, Gonca et al. “Investigation of Conversion of a Diesel Engine to Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition Engine Using N-Heptane: A Zero-Dimensional Modeling”. International Journal of Energy Studies, vol. 8, no. 3, 2023, pp. 535-56, doi:10.58559/ijes.1325924.
Vancouver Kethudaoglu G, Aktaş F, Karaaslan S, Polat S, Dinler N. Investigation of conversion of a diesel engine to homogeneous charge compression ignition engine using n-heptane: A zero-dimensional modeling. Int J Energy Studies. 2023;8(3):535-56.