Land Use Land Cover Classification for Africa – A Case of The Republic of Ghana Using Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Year 2025, Volume: 7 Issue: 2, 164 - 192, 31.08.2025

Michael Stanley Peprah

Abstract

Examining the interaction between global climatic systems, biodiversity, and socioeconomic development depends on understanding Land Use and Land Cover (LULC) changes. Notwithstanding major Earth observation and remote sensing developments, Sub-Saharan Africa, including Ghana, remains underrepresented in LULC studies. Following PRISMA principles, this study fills this need by methodically examining LULC investigations carried out in Ghana between 2000 and 2024. This study examined spatiotemporal trends, environmental determinants, and methodological frameworks in LULC research as well as peer-reviewed literature closely. Particularly from MODIS and Landsat, remote sensing data became clear as indispensable instruments for tracking LULC changes, exposing inter-zonal fluctuations affected by urbanization, climatic variability, mining activity, and socioeconomic pressures, including poverty and population increase. Important issues found are land degradation, deforestation, soil erosion, and loss of biodiversity, combined with unsustainable farming methods and illicit mining. The results show the important part geospatial technology plays in monitoring LULC changes and guiding adaptive land management plans. Refining LULC models and supporting sustainable development initiatives through satellite data integration with local ground-based observations is advised. Achieving Ghana's Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), especially in poverty reduction, sustainable cities, climate action, and biodiversity preservation, depend on addressing LULC problems. This study emphasizes the need for LULC research in directing policy formation and supporting sustainable resource management, therefore providing actionable insights for combining environmental preservation with socioeconomic development.

Keywords

Land Use and Land Cover Changes , Deforestation and Forest Degradation , Sustainable Land Management , Urbanization and Urban Sprawl , Biodiversity and Ecosystem Impacts , Remote Sensing and GIS Applications

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