Traditional Use, Therapeutic Properties and Antioxidant Activity of Honey

Abstract

Honey is a naturally sweet substance produced by honey bees (Apis mellifera) from the nectar of flowers, the secretions of plants or the secretions of sucking insects on plants. This sweet substance has a different chemical composition according to the plant flora from which it is obtained, and contains sugars, small amounts of protein, enzymes, amino acids, minerals, trace elements, vitamins, aroma compounds, various flavonoids and phenolic compounds. Due to these properties, honey has been used as a food since ancient times, as well as burns, cataracts, ulcers, diabetes, wound healing, etc. It has been used as a medicine by folk physicians for ailments. It has been used as a medicine by folk physicians for ailments. These use cases have been scientifically supported by subsequent studies. It was concluded that honey is effective as a therapeutic agent and it has been widely used in alternative medicine. In this study, the chemical composition of honey, its antioxidant properties and important therapeutic properties against some diseases were tried to be emphasized.

Keywords

• Honey
• apitherapy
• antioxidant
• therapeutic
• phenolic compounds

Balın Geleneksel Kullanımı, Terapötik Özellikleri ve Antioksidan Aktivitesi

Öz

Bal, bal arıları (Apis mellifera) tarafından çiçek nektarlarından bitkilerin salgılarından veya bitkiler üzerindeki emici böceklerin salgılarından üretilen doğal tatlı bir maddedir. Bu tatlı madde elde edildiği bitki florasına göre farklı kimyasal bileşime sahip olup içeriğinde şekerler, az miktarda protein, enzimler, amino asitler, mineraller, eser elementler, vitaminler, aroma bileşikleri çeşitli flavonoidler ve fenolik bileşikleri barındırmaktadır. Bu özellikleri nedeniyle antik çağlardan bu yana bal, gıda maddesi olarak kullanılmasının yanı sıra yanıklar, kataraktlar, ülserler, diyabet, yara iyileşmesi vb. rahatsızlıklar için halk hekimleri tarafından ilaç olarak kullanılmıştır. Daha sonraları yapılan çalışmalarla bu kullanım durumları bilimsel olarak da desteklenmiştir. Balın terapötik bir ajan olarak etkili olduğu sonucuna varılmış ve alternatif tıpta yaygın bir şekilde kullanım alanı bulmuştur. Bu çalışmada balın kimyasal bileşimi, antioksidan özellikleri ve bazı hastalıklara karşı önemli terapötik özellikleri vurgulanmaya çalışılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Bal
• apiterapi
• antioksidant
• terapötik
• fenolik bileşikler

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