My-Tree Modeli ile Kentsel Ağaçların 20 Yıllık Karbon Sekestrasyon Dinamikleri ve Ekosistem Hizmeti Değerlerinin Nicel Modellemesi: Bingöl Kültür Parkı

Abstract

Bitki türleri, kullanıldığı peyzaj uygulamalarına, yalnızca estetik ve rekreasyonel değer sunmakla kalmayıp aynı zamanda iklim değişikliğiyle mücadele, karbon depolama ve hava kalitesinin iyileştirilmesi gibi sürdürülebilir çevre yönetimi hedeflerine de katkı sağlamaktadır. Bu nedenle ağaçlandırma ve doğal tür kullanımının artırılması, uzun vadeli çevresel planlamalarda stratejik bir öneme sahiptir. Bu çalışma, Bingöl ili merkezinde bulunan Kültür Park’ta bulunan toplam 353 ağacın sağladığı ekosistem hizmetleri i-Tree (My- tree) analiz yöntemi kullanılarak nicel olarak değerlendirilmiştir. Analiz sonuçlarına göre ağaçların yıllık toplam ekosistem hizmeti değeri 388,08 $ olarak hesaplanmış, 20 yıllık süreçte ise bu değerin 8.576,96 $’a ulaşacağı öngörülmüştür. Ağaçların yıllık yaklaşık 98.749 libre CO₂ eşdeğerini atmosferden uzaklaştırdığı ve 20 yıllık dönemde yaklaşık 2.181.435 libre CO₂ eşdeğeri karbon depoladığı belirlenmiştir. Toplam birikimli değerlere göre ise 5.738.958 libre CO₂ eşdeğeri karbonun depolandığı tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca ağaçların hava kirliliğinin azaltılmasına katkı sağladığı ve özellikle ozon ile azot dioksit gibi kirleticilerin giderilmesinde etkili olduğu ortaya konulmuştur. Eşdeğer analiz sonuçları, ağaçların karbon tutumunun ulaşım kaynaklı emisyonların dengelenmesinde önemli bir potansiyele sahip olduğunu göstermektedir.

Keywords

• Bingöl
• hava kirliliğinin giderilmesi
• i-tree
• karbon sekestrasyonu

My-Tree-Based Quantitative Assessment of Long-Term (20-Year) Carbon Sequestration and Ecosystem Services of Urban Trees: Evidence from Kültür Park, Bingöl

Abstract

Plant species used in landscape applications not only provide aesthetic and recreational value but also contribute to sustainable environmental management goals such as combating climate change, carbon sequestration, and improving air quality. Therefore, increasing afforestation efforts and the use of native species holds strategic importance in long-term environmental planning. This study quantitatively evaluated the ecosystem services provided by a total of 353 trees located in Kültür Park in the city center of Bingöl Province using the i-Tree (MyTree) analysis method. According to the analysis results, the total annual ecosystem service value of the trees was calculated as $388.08, and it is projected to reach $8,576.96 over a 20-year period. The trees were found to remove approximately 98,749 pounds of CO₂ equivalent from the atmosphere annually and to sequester approximately 2,181,435 pounds of CO₂ equivalent over a 20-year period. Based on cumulative values, a total of 5,738,958 pounds of CO₂ equivalent carbon has been stored. Additionally, the trees contribute to air pollution mitigation, particularly through the removal of pollutants such as ozone and nitrogen dioxide. The equivalent analysis results indicate that the carbon sequestration capacity of the trees has significant potential to offset transportation-related emissions.

Keywords

• air pollutuion removal
• bingöl
• carbon sequestration
• i-tree

References

1. Fares, S., Paoletti, E., Calfapietra, C., Mikkelsen, T. N., Samson, R., & Le Thiec, D. (2017). Carbon sequestration by urban trees. In D. Pearlmutter et al. (Eds.), The Urban Forest (Future City 7, pp. 31–39). Springer International Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-50280-9_4
2. Gezer, A., & Gül, A. (2009). Urban forestry. Süleyman Demirel University, Faculty of Forestry Publication No. 86, Isparta.
3. Gül, A., Topay, M., & Özaltın, O. (2009). The importance of urban forests against the threat of global warming. International Davraz Congress, 24–27 September 2009, Isparta, pp. 221–234.
4. Gül, A., Tuğluer, M., & Akkuş, F. G. (2021). Urban roadside tree inventory and determination of carbon sequestration capacity. Turkish Journal of Forest Science, 5(2), 516–535.
5. Hertsgaard, M. (2001). Earth Odyssey: Around the World in Search of Our Environmental Future.
6. Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). (2021). Climate change 2022: Impacts, adaptation, and vulnerability. Working Group II contribution to the Sixth Assessment Report. Cambridge University Press. https://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar6/wg1/downloads/report/IPCC_AR6_WGI_SPM_final.pdf
7. Ji, Y. Y., Li, S. Y., & Liu, H. R. (2020). A comparative study of non-disposable carbon sources and carbon sinks in landscape operation and maintenance from the perspective of low carbon. Anhui Architecture, 27, 132–133, 199.
8. Kadıoğlu, M. (2001). The end of the climates we know: Global climate change and Turkey. Güncel Publishing, No. 110, Istanbul.

9. Li, H., Zhao, W. Z., & Gu, R. Z. (1999). Effects of three different green-land plantation structures on O₂ emission, CO₂ fixation, heat absorption, and temperature reduction in residential areas. Environmental Science, 6, 41–44.
10. Li, Q., Zhu, Y., & Zhu, Z. (2022). Calculation and optimization of the carbon sink benefits of green space plants in residential areas: A case study of Suojin Village in Nanjing. Sustainability, 15(1), 607.
11. Seto, K. C., Dhakal, S., Bigio, A., Blanco, H., Delgado, G. C., Dewar, D., Huang, L., Inaba, A., Kansal, A., Lwasa, S., et al. (2014). Human settlements, infrastructure, and spatial planning. In O. Edenhofer et al. (Eds.), Climate change 2014: Mitigation of climate change (pp. 923–1000). Cambridge University Press.
12. Tuğluer, M., & Çakır, M. (2019). Evaluation of UFORE model components serving urban ecosystem services. Journal of Architecture Sciences and Applications (MBUD), 4(2), 193–200.
13. Wu, Z. Q. (2018). Optimization strategy of urban residential green space design based on low-carbon concept: A case study of Xi’an High-Tech Industrial Development Zone (Master’s thesis). Xi’an University, China.
14. Yang, Y. H., Shi, Y., Sun, W. J., Chang, J. F., Zhu, J. X., Chen, L. Y., Wang, X., Guo, Y. P., Zhang, H. T., Yu, L. F., et al. (2022). Terrestrial carbon sinks in China and around the world and their contribution to carbon neutrality. Science China Life Sciences, 65, 861–895. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11427-021-2039-0
15. Zhou, W. Q., Fisher, B., & Pickett, S. T. A. (2019). Cities are hungry for actionable ecological knowledge. Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment, 17(3), 135. https://doi.org/10.1002/fee.2023.