THE ART MUSEUMS THAT RUIN THE ODD, UNFAMILIAR OR UNTOUCHABLE IMPRESSION FOR THE CHILDREN

Yıl 2019, Cilt: 4 Sayı: 8, 25 - 43, 31.10.2019

Cihan Külük

Öz

One of the primary goals of the art museums is to attract visitors to museums in order to fulfill
excessively the mission that they undertake for the construction of the society and to continue their
existence. If that’s so, then are the art museums which contain countless art works and are a center
of attraction with their magnificent architecture for adult visitors, attractive to the children as well?
Usually art museums may not be inviting for the children with the overwhelming architecture of the
huge galleries that contain countless art works, art collections which do not only appeal to adults but
also designed according to the perspectives of the adults, the rules that have to be obeyed permanently,
the deep silence crowned with the existence of the security staff, presented with the manner that does
not let the exploratory spirit of the children to be realized. However, in the developed countries there
are art museums which are aware of these facts, ruin the odd, unfamiliar or untouchable impression
for the children by applying many programs and new regulations. For instance, the world famous
museums such as the Los Angeles County Museum of Art, the Joslyn Art Museum and the Art
Institute of Chicago present “children programs” that give priority to make children meet with art and
support their interaction with the art works and artists. With services included in these programs such
as guided tours, art workshops, story writing activities, drama activities, school programs, family
programs, art courses, summer camps, video/blog contents, touch-do setups, digital interactive
practices, mobile museums and museum loan boxes; the children are provided to leave the museum
after they have fun, learn and gain different experiences. In the private museums in Turkey services
as such are included to a lesser extent, though in the museums that are supported by the government
these services are not included. In this context, this research is thought to serve as a model for the art
museums in Turkey and make a contribution to the literature in this direction. In this study, which
aim to describe the “children museums” in the art museums in the USA, descriptive survey model is
used and the datas are collected by document review technique.

ÇOCUKLAR İÇİN TUHAF, YABANCI YA DA ERİŞİLMEZ ALGISINI YIKAN SANAT MÜZELERİ

Öz

Sanat müzelerinin, toplum inşasında üstelendikleri misyonu ziyadesiyle yerine getirebilmeleri ve
varlıklarını sürdürebilmeleri için belirledikleri başat hedeflerinden birisi de ziyaretçileri müzeye
çekebilmektir. Peki sayısız sanat eserini bünyesinde barındıran ve görkemli mimarileriyle
yetişkin ziyaretçilerin ilgi odağı olan sanat müzeleri, acaba çocuklar için de aynı çekicilikte mi?
Sanat müzeleri çoğunlukla, küçük çocukların keşif karakteristiğine izin vermeyecek şekillerde
sunulan; sayısız sanat eseri içeren geniş galerilerin ezici mimarisi, yetişkinlere seslenen hatta
yetişkin bakış açılarına göre dizayn edilen sanat koleksiyonları, sürekli uyulması gereken kuralları,
güvenlik görevlilerinin varlığıyla taçlandırılan sessiz atmosferleri ile çocuklar için hiç de davetkar
olmayabilir. Ancak gelişmiş ülkelerde bu gerçeklerin farkında olan, uyguladığı pek çok program
ve yeni düzenlemelerle çocuklar için tuhaf, yabancı ya da erişilmez algısını yıkan sanat müzeleri
vardır. Örneğin; Amerika Birleşik Devletleri’ndeki Los Angeles Sanat Müzesi (Los Angeles County
Museum of Art), Joslyn Sanat Müzesi (Joslyn Art Museum) ve Chicago Sanat Enstitüsü Müzesi
(Art Institute of Chicago) gibi dünya çapında kabul görmüş müzeler, çocukları sanatla buluşturmayı
önceleyen; sanat eserleriyle ve sanatçılar ile etkileşime girmelerini destekleyen “çocuk programları”
sunmaktadır. Bu programlar kapsamında sunulan; rehberli turlar, sanat atölye çalışmaları, öykü
yazma etkinlikleri, drama etkinlikleri, okul programları, aile programları, sanat kursları, yaz kampları,
video blog içerikleri, dokun-yap kurulumları, dijital interaktif uygulamalar, gezici tır müze ve bavul
müze gibi hizmetlerle çocuğun eğlenerek, öğrenerek ve pek çok farklı deneyim kazanarak müzeden
ayrılması sağlanmaktadır. Türkiye’deki özel kuruluşlar tarafından desteklenen sanat müzelerinde
bu tip uygulamalara Batı’ya kıyasla daha minimal ölçülerde yer verilmiş olsa da devlet destekli
sanat müzelerinde yer verilmediği görülmektedir. Bu bağlamda bu araştırmanın, Türkiye’deki
sanat müzeleri için bir örnek teşkil edeceği ve bu doğrultuda alan yazınına da katkı sağlayacağı
düşünülmektedir. Amerika’da etkinliğini sürdüren sanat müzelerindeki “çocuk programlarını”
betimlemeyi amaçlayan bu çalışma; betimsel tarama modelinde olup, veriler döküman inceleme
tekniğiyle toplanmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Çocuk Programları, Sanat, Sanat Müzeleri

Kaynakça

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