Economic Security in Developing Muslim Countries: The Case of Indonesia

Abstract

This study examines the evolving concept of economic security in developing Muslim-majority countries through an in-depth case study of Indonesia. As the world’s most populous Muslim-majority nation and a rising middle-income economy with a robust democratic framework, Indonesia offers a distinctive model for understanding how Islamic economic principles can be integrated into national development strategies. The study explores how Indonesia balances economic growth and social equity while navigating the structural challenges typical of the Muslim World and the Global South, including commodity dependence, institutional constraints, and global economic volatility. Furthermore, the study pays particular attention to the role of Islamic finance, Shariah-compliant financial innovations, and the normative influence of Islamic values in shaping inclusive and ethical development outcomes. The Indonesian case challenges conventional paradigms of economic security, which tend to focus on external vulnerabilities, by foregrounding internal dimensions such as poverty alleviation, social justice, and governance quality. Hence, through a synthesis of development economics and Islamic economic thought, the study highlights Indonesia as a critical site of theoretical and policy experimentation. It argues that Indonesia’s experience not only provides practical lessons for other developing Muslim countries but also contributes to a broader reconceptualization of economic security that is grounded in ethical, institutional, and socio-political dimensions of development.

Keywords

• Economic Security
• Developing Muslim Countries
• Indonesia
• Islamic Economics

Gelişmekte Olan Müslüman Ülkelerde Ekonomik Güvenlik: Endonezya Örneği

Öz

Bu çalışma, gelişmekte olan Müslüman çoğunluklu ülkelerde evrilen ekonomik güvenlik kavramını Endonezya örneği üzerinden derinlemesine incelemektedir. Dünyanın en kalabalık Müslüman çoğunluklu ülkesi ve güçlü bir demokratik çerçeveye sahip yükselen bir orta gelirli ekonomi olarak Endonezya, İslami ekonomik ilkelerin ulusal kalkınma stratejilerine nasıl entegre edilebileceğini anlamak için önemli bir model sunmaktadır. Çalışma, Endonezya’nın emtia bağımlılığı, kurumsal kısıtlamalar ve küresel ekonomik dalgalanma gibi İslam Dünyası ve Küresel Güney’e özgü yapısal zorlukların üstesinden gelirken ekonomik büyüme ve sosyal eşitlik arasında nasıl denge kurduğunu araştırmaktadır. Çalışma, ayrıca İslami finansın, Şeriat uyumlu finansal yeniliklerin ve İslami değerlerin normatif etkisinin kapsayıcı ve etik kalkınma sonuçlarını şekillendirmedeki rolüne de özellikle dikkat çekmektedir. Endonezya örneği, yoksulluğun azaltılması, sosyal adalet ve yönetişim kalitesi gibi iç boyutları ön plana çıkararak dış kırılganlıklara odaklanma eğiliminde olan geleneksel ekonomik güvenlik paradigmalarına meydan okumaktadır. Dolayısıyla kalkınma iktisadı ve İslami iktisat düşüncesinin bir sentezini yapan bu çalışma, Endonezya’yı teorik ve politika deneylerinin kritik bir alanı olarak vurgulamaktadır. Çalışma, Endonezya’nın deneyiminin sadece diğer gelişmekte olan Müslüman ülkeler için pratik dersler sunmakla kalmayıp, aynı zamanda ekonomik güvenliğin daha geniş bir şekilde yeniden kavramsallaştırılmasına katkıda bulunduğunu savunmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Ekonomik Güvenlik
• Gelişmekte olan Müslüman Ülkeler
• Endonezya
• İslam Ekonomisi

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