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Year 2024, Volume: 10 Issue: 1, 1 - 9
https://doi.org/10.25233/ijlel.1331339

Abstract

Supporting Institution

tübitak burs ve destek programları

Project Number

1919B022302240

Thanks

Daha önce hiçbir yerde yayınlamadığımız ve tübitak tarafından değerli görülen bu makalemizi size gönderiyoruz. İlginize şimdiden teşekkür ederim.

References

  • Amir O., Amir N. And Michaeli O. (2005). Evaluating the ınfluence of warmup on singing voice quality using acoustic measures, Journal of Voice, 19(2), 252-260.
  • Benninger, M.S. (2011). The professional voice, The Journal of Laryngology & Otology, 111-116.
  • Boone D.R. (1971). The Voice and Voice Therapy, First Edition, Englewood Cliffs HJ Prentice Hall 1971. Çevik, S. (2013). Koro eğitimi yönetimi ve teknikleri, Ankara: Müzik Eğitimi Yayınları.
  • Denizoğlu, İ. and Şahin Orhon, E. (2021). Singing voice therapy revisited, Revista de Investigacion E Innovacion En Ciencias de La Salud, 3(2), 57-71.
  • Denizoğlu, İ. (2020). Klinik vokoloji, Ankara, Türkiye, 118.
  • DeVore, Kate. and Cookman, S. (2009). The voice book, Chicago Review Press, Inc., Chicago, USA, 116. Elliot N., Sundberg J. and Gramming P. (1995). What happens during vocal warm up?, Journal of Voice, 9(1):37- 44.
  • Enflo L, Sundberg J, Romedahl C. and McAllister A. (2013). Effects on vocal fold collision and phonation threshold pressure of resonance tube phonation with tube end in water. J Speech Lang Hear Res, Oct;56(5):1530-8.
  • Froeschels E. (1952). Chewing method as therapy: Discussion with some philosophical conclusions. AMA Arch Otolaryngol, 56(4):427-434.
  • Gerçeker, M.vd. (2000). Ses ve konuşma. K.B.B. ve Baş Boyun Cerrahisi Dergisi, 8(1); 71-78, 72,73,76. Karasar, N. (1999). Bilimsel araştırma yöntemleri, Ankara: Nobel Yayın Dağıtım.
  • Koçak İ, Dursun G. and Demireller A. (1996). Fonksiyonel disfonilerde laringostroboskopi ile vizüel biofeedback terapi. In: Oğuz A, Demireller A, editörler. Ses ve ses hastalıkları. İstanbul: Ekin Tıbbi Yayncılık s. 8592.
  • Mendes A. P., Sapienza C. and Rothman H.B. (2004). Effects of vocal training on the acoustic parameters of the singing voice. Journal of Voice, 17(4):529-43.
  • Machintosh, Gardiner, McComas. (2005). Skeletal musicle form and function. Human Kinetics , 2nd Edition. McKinney, C. (2005). The diagnosis and correction of vocal faults: a manual for teachers of singing and for choir directors, Waveland Press, Inc., Illinois, USA, 94.
  • Mezzedimi, C., Spinosi, M. C., Massaro, T., Ferretti, F., and Cambi, J. (2020). Singing voice: acoustic parameters after vocal warm-up and cool-down. Logopedics Phoniatrics Vocology, 45(2), 57-65.
  • Motel T., Fischer K.V. and Lendon C. (2003). Vocal warm-up ıncreases phonation threshold pressure in soprano singers at high pitch. Journal Of Voice, 17(2)-160-167.
  • Narin, S. (2021). Soprano repertuvarından seçme eserlerin çalışılmasına yönelik ısıtma egzersizleri ve performans sonrası ses soğutma. Yüksek Lisans Tezi, İstanbul Okan Üniversitesi Lisansüstü Eğitimi Enstitüsü, İstanbul.
  • Nix, J. (2014). The oxford handbook of singing, Journal of Voice.
  • Onofre F., Prado Y.A., Rojas G., Garcia D.M. and Aguiar-Ricz L. (2015). Measurements of the acoustic speaking voice after vocal warm-up and cooldown in choir singers. Journal of Voice, 31(1).
  • Özkut, B. (2015). Türkiye’deki opera/şan eğitiminde başlangıç düzeyi ses eğitimi yaklaşımları. Sanatta Yeterlik Tezi, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Afyonkarahisar.
  • Plowman S.A. and Smith D.L. (2015). Exercise physiology for health, fitness, and performance. 4th Ed. Pennsylvania: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
  • Ragan, K. (2018). The efficacy of vocal cool-down exercises. Journal of Singing, Vol: 75, No:5, 521-526. Sabar, G. (2008). Sesimiz- eğitimi ve korunması. İstanbul: Pan Yayıncılık.
  • Sell, K. (2005). The disciplines of vocal pedagogy: Towards an holistic approach. Ashgate Publishing Company, Farnham, UK.
  • Smith, B. and Sataloff, R.T. (2003). Choral pedagogy and vocal health. Journal of Singing, Vol:59, No:3, 233-240, 234
  • Stark, J. (1999). Bel canto a history of vocal pedagogy. University of Toronto Press, Inc., Toronto, Canada. Sundberg, J, Fahlstedt, E, and Morell, A. (2005). Effects on the glotic voice source of vocal loudness variation in untrained female and male voices. J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 117, 879-885
  • Titze IR. (2006). Voice training and therapy with a semi-occluded vocal tract. Rationale and scientific underpinnings. J Speech Lang Hear Res. Apr; 49(2):448-59.
  • Titze, IR. (1991). The five best vocal warm- up exercises. Journal of Singing, Vol:57, No:3, 51-52, 51.
  • Titze, IR. (2001). Acoustic ınterpretation of resonant voice. Journal of Voice, 15(4), 519-28.
  • Töreyin, A. M. (1998). Türkiye türkçesi dilbilgisi yapısının şan eğitimi ilke, amaç ve yöntemleri açısından incelenmesi (Yayınlanmamış Doktora Tezi), G. Ü. F. B. E. Ankara.
  • Uçman Karaçalı, P. (2012). Profesyonel ses sanatçılarının ses üretiminde karşılaştıkları teknik sorunlara yönelik yeni öneriler (Doctoral dissertation), DEÜ Güzel Sanatlar Enstitüsü.
  • Wurgler, P. S. (1997). Voice pedagogy: The process of teaching the art of singing. Journal of Singing-The Official Journal of the National Association of Teachers of Singing, 53(5), 3-8.

Vocal Cool-Down In Voice Training: Method and Technical Considerations

Year 2024, Volume: 10 Issue: 1, 1 - 9
https://doi.org/10.25233/ijlel.1331339

Abstract

Abstract In addition to the artistic aspect of professional voice performance, the sportive aspect is also important. The voices of professional voice actors, who are considered just like an athlete, should be strong, flexible and durable against long-term use. Also called vocal athletes, voice performers need processes such as muscle and skill development, voice warm up and cool down as in the applications expressed as periodization in sports medicine. Vocal training should aim to prepare the student for the stage not only with its artistic aspect but also with its sportive aspect. In the vocal training process, it is important to raise the awareness of the students from the very beginning of the education and to make the sportive discipline a behavior in the name of sustainable professional vocal use. It is unacceptable for a professional athlete to do some warm-up and cool-down movements with random movements or ignorance. The same is true for seeking vocal exercises for the singer.
Exercise programs structured on a physiological basis both give predictable results, and the singer knows what to do and can ensure the performance. The most important components of the conscious training program that creates vocal periodization are vocal warming-up and cooling-down. Contrary to vocal warm-up exercises, studies on vocal cool-down are not sufficient both in the literature and in vocal training. It is an important necessity to apply vocal cool-down exercises in the same routine for the tissue recovery and to return to the speaking tone after the performance and to achieve tissue recovery under appropriate conditions. Vocal cool-down exercises are basically based on stretching and slowing down. In addition to metabolic effects such as blood flow changes, decreasing the muscle tonus, and removal of metabolites from the tissue; physiological effects such as providing a comfortable low larynx position and relaxation are targeted. Vocal cool-down techniques include semi-occluded vocal tract exercises, descending arpeggios, formant maneuvers, yawn&sigh, and chewing approach. In this study, the literature on vocal cool-down exercises has been reviewed, and ideal cool-down conditions and exercises have been presented in parallel with sports physiology.
Keywords: Voice Training, Vocal Warm-up Exercises, Vocal Cool-down Exercises, Voice Health, Vocal Performance

Project Number

1919B022302240

References

  • Amir O., Amir N. And Michaeli O. (2005). Evaluating the ınfluence of warmup on singing voice quality using acoustic measures, Journal of Voice, 19(2), 252-260.
  • Benninger, M.S. (2011). The professional voice, The Journal of Laryngology & Otology, 111-116.
  • Boone D.R. (1971). The Voice and Voice Therapy, First Edition, Englewood Cliffs HJ Prentice Hall 1971. Çevik, S. (2013). Koro eğitimi yönetimi ve teknikleri, Ankara: Müzik Eğitimi Yayınları.
  • Denizoğlu, İ. and Şahin Orhon, E. (2021). Singing voice therapy revisited, Revista de Investigacion E Innovacion En Ciencias de La Salud, 3(2), 57-71.
  • Denizoğlu, İ. (2020). Klinik vokoloji, Ankara, Türkiye, 118.
  • DeVore, Kate. and Cookman, S. (2009). The voice book, Chicago Review Press, Inc., Chicago, USA, 116. Elliot N., Sundberg J. and Gramming P. (1995). What happens during vocal warm up?, Journal of Voice, 9(1):37- 44.
  • Enflo L, Sundberg J, Romedahl C. and McAllister A. (2013). Effects on vocal fold collision and phonation threshold pressure of resonance tube phonation with tube end in water. J Speech Lang Hear Res, Oct;56(5):1530-8.
  • Froeschels E. (1952). Chewing method as therapy: Discussion with some philosophical conclusions. AMA Arch Otolaryngol, 56(4):427-434.
  • Gerçeker, M.vd. (2000). Ses ve konuşma. K.B.B. ve Baş Boyun Cerrahisi Dergisi, 8(1); 71-78, 72,73,76. Karasar, N. (1999). Bilimsel araştırma yöntemleri, Ankara: Nobel Yayın Dağıtım.
  • Koçak İ, Dursun G. and Demireller A. (1996). Fonksiyonel disfonilerde laringostroboskopi ile vizüel biofeedback terapi. In: Oğuz A, Demireller A, editörler. Ses ve ses hastalıkları. İstanbul: Ekin Tıbbi Yayncılık s. 8592.
  • Mendes A. P., Sapienza C. and Rothman H.B. (2004). Effects of vocal training on the acoustic parameters of the singing voice. Journal of Voice, 17(4):529-43.
  • Machintosh, Gardiner, McComas. (2005). Skeletal musicle form and function. Human Kinetics , 2nd Edition. McKinney, C. (2005). The diagnosis and correction of vocal faults: a manual for teachers of singing and for choir directors, Waveland Press, Inc., Illinois, USA, 94.
  • Mezzedimi, C., Spinosi, M. C., Massaro, T., Ferretti, F., and Cambi, J. (2020). Singing voice: acoustic parameters after vocal warm-up and cool-down. Logopedics Phoniatrics Vocology, 45(2), 57-65.
  • Motel T., Fischer K.V. and Lendon C. (2003). Vocal warm-up ıncreases phonation threshold pressure in soprano singers at high pitch. Journal Of Voice, 17(2)-160-167.
  • Narin, S. (2021). Soprano repertuvarından seçme eserlerin çalışılmasına yönelik ısıtma egzersizleri ve performans sonrası ses soğutma. Yüksek Lisans Tezi, İstanbul Okan Üniversitesi Lisansüstü Eğitimi Enstitüsü, İstanbul.
  • Nix, J. (2014). The oxford handbook of singing, Journal of Voice.
  • Onofre F., Prado Y.A., Rojas G., Garcia D.M. and Aguiar-Ricz L. (2015). Measurements of the acoustic speaking voice after vocal warm-up and cooldown in choir singers. Journal of Voice, 31(1).
  • Özkut, B. (2015). Türkiye’deki opera/şan eğitiminde başlangıç düzeyi ses eğitimi yaklaşımları. Sanatta Yeterlik Tezi, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Afyonkarahisar.
  • Plowman S.A. and Smith D.L. (2015). Exercise physiology for health, fitness, and performance. 4th Ed. Pennsylvania: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
  • Ragan, K. (2018). The efficacy of vocal cool-down exercises. Journal of Singing, Vol: 75, No:5, 521-526. Sabar, G. (2008). Sesimiz- eğitimi ve korunması. İstanbul: Pan Yayıncılık.
  • Sell, K. (2005). The disciplines of vocal pedagogy: Towards an holistic approach. Ashgate Publishing Company, Farnham, UK.
  • Smith, B. and Sataloff, R.T. (2003). Choral pedagogy and vocal health. Journal of Singing, Vol:59, No:3, 233-240, 234
  • Stark, J. (1999). Bel canto a history of vocal pedagogy. University of Toronto Press, Inc., Toronto, Canada. Sundberg, J, Fahlstedt, E, and Morell, A. (2005). Effects on the glotic voice source of vocal loudness variation in untrained female and male voices. J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 117, 879-885
  • Titze IR. (2006). Voice training and therapy with a semi-occluded vocal tract. Rationale and scientific underpinnings. J Speech Lang Hear Res. Apr; 49(2):448-59.
  • Titze, IR. (1991). The five best vocal warm- up exercises. Journal of Singing, Vol:57, No:3, 51-52, 51.
  • Titze, IR. (2001). Acoustic ınterpretation of resonant voice. Journal of Voice, 15(4), 519-28.
  • Töreyin, A. M. (1998). Türkiye türkçesi dilbilgisi yapısının şan eğitimi ilke, amaç ve yöntemleri açısından incelenmesi (Yayınlanmamış Doktora Tezi), G. Ü. F. B. E. Ankara.
  • Uçman Karaçalı, P. (2012). Profesyonel ses sanatçılarının ses üretiminde karşılaştıkları teknik sorunlara yönelik yeni öneriler (Doctoral dissertation), DEÜ Güzel Sanatlar Enstitüsü.
  • Wurgler, P. S. (1997). Voice pedagogy: The process of teaching the art of singing. Journal of Singing-The Official Journal of the National Association of Teachers of Singing, 53(5), 3-8.
There are 29 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Simge Narin 0000-0001-6114-1278

Berna Özkut 0000-0001-9476-6506

Elif Şahin Orhon This is me 0000-0002-8662-007X

İsmail İlter Denizoğlu 0000-0002-9030-9479

Project Number 1919B022302240
Publication Date
Submission Date August 3, 2023
Published in Issue Year 2024 Volume: 10 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Narin, S., Özkut, B., Şahin Orhon, E., Denizoğlu, İ. İ. (n.d.). Vocal Cool-Down In Voice Training: Method and Technical Considerations. International Journal on Lifelong Education and Leadership, 10(1), 1-9. https://doi.org/10.25233/ijlel.1331339