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DİJİTAL DÖNÜŞÜM ÇAĞINDA GERÇEKÇİ SENARYOLARIN KULLANIMI: MODERN EĞİTİM YÖNTEMİ OLARAK SİMÜLASYON TABANLI EĞİTİMLER ÜZERİNE BİR İNCELEME

Year 2023, Volume: 9 Issue: 2, 169 - 189, 21.08.2024

Abstract

Gelişen teknolojiyle birlikte sanal deneyim imkânları yeni öğrenme araçlarını ortaya çıkarmış ve bu araçlar hayatın birçok alanında yaygınlaşmıştır. Özellikle eğitim ve öğretimde, öğrencilerin bilişsel ve psikomotor becerilerini kazanmalarında en etkili yöntemlerden biri olan interaktif teknikler, öğrencilerin ve meslek profesyonellerinin aktif katılımını sağlar. Bu teknikler arasında öne çıkan simülasyon, öğrencilere gerçek yaşam senaryolarını deneyimleme fırsatı sunarak, bilişsel, psikomotor ve tutumsal bilgi ve yeteneklerini geliştirmede önemli bir rol oynar. Simülasyon, bireylerin gerçek dünyadaki süreçleri, olayları ve sistemleri bir model aracılığıyla taklit etmelerini sağlar. Bu yöntem, mühendislikten tıbba, askeri eğitimden diğer öğrenme süreçlerine kadar birçok alanda yaygın olarak kullanılır. Simülasyon sistemleri, gerçeğin birebir taklidi olarak oluşturulan ortamlarda süreçlerin performansını analiz etmeye, değişen koşullar altında sistemlerin nasıl çalışacağını değerlendirmeye ve çeşitli senaryolara karşı önlemler geliştirmeye olanak tanır. Bu özellikleri sayesinde simülasyon, doğru kararların verilmesinde etkili bir araçtır ve maliyet ile zaman açısından ekonomik çözümler sunar. Bu çalışmada, son yıllarda kullanım alanları genişleyen simülasyon sistemlerinin öğrenme üzerindeki etkileri incelenmiştir. Özellikle polis teşkilatlarında simülasyon tabanlı eğitimlerin öğrenci öğrenme pratiklerini nasıl geliştirdiği araştırılmıştır. Bu bağlamda, simülasyon sistemleri kullanarak eğitim alan polis öğrencilerinin bilgi ve beceri düzeyleri değerlendirilmiştir. Çalışmada, nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden doküman analizi kullanılmıştır. Simülasyon eğitimi veren kurumların eğitim sonrası vaka analizleri ve simülasyon tabanlı eğitim alan kişilerin bağlı oldukları kurumlar tarafından yayımlanan raporlardan elde edilen veriler incelenmiştir. Araştırmanın, dijital dönüşümün hızla değiştiği bir dönemde, eğitim ve öğretimde deneyimin önemine vurgu yaparak literatüre katkı sağlayacağı düşünülmektedir.

References

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  • Ayhan, U. (2008). Amerika Birleşik Devletlerinde Yerel Yönetimler. Sayıştay Dergisi, (70), 103-120.
  • ABD Hava Kuvvetlerinden savaş pilotu eğitimi için sanal gerçeklik hamlesi. (19 Temmuz 2021). M5 Dergi. Erişim Tarihi: June 5, 2024, https://m5dergi.com/ one-cikan/abd-hava-kuvvetlerinden-savas-pilotu-egitimi-icin-sanal-gerceklikhamlesi/
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  • Banks, D., Couzens, L., & Williams, C. (2016). Simulation training for police officers: A review of the evidence. Police Practice and Research, 17(1), 1-12.
  • Birzer, M. L., & Roberson, C. (2012). Police field operations: Theory meets practice. Prentice Hall.
  • Blacker, K. (2017). Virtual reality in police training: Challenges and opportunities. Journal of Law Enforcement, 45(3), 100-115.
  • Bumgarner, J. (2002). An assessment of the perceptions of policing as aa profession among two-year and four-year criminal justice and law enforcement officers. Journal of Criminal Justice Education, 13, pp. 331-352.
  • Conwin, K., & Thomen, D. (2000). Simulation based acquisition: An overarching view. In Simulation Interoperability Workshop.
  • Creswell, J. W. (2013). Qualitative inquiry and research design: Choosing among five approaches (3rd ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
  • Cunningham, S., Foote, L., Sowder, M., & Cunningham, C. (2018). Interprofessional education and collaboration: A simulation-based learning experience focused on common and complementary skills in an acute care environment. Journal of Interprofessional Care, 32(3), 395-398.
  • FLETC. (2016). Strategic Plan 2016-2018. Federal Law Enforcement Training Centers.
  • FLETC. (2021). Federal Law Enforcement Training Centers Annual Report. Federal Law Enforcement Training Centers.
  • Glesne, C. (2011). Becoming qualitative researchers. (A. Ersoy & P. Yalçınoğlu, Çev.). Pearson.
  • Görüş, S., Bilgi, N., & Korkut Bayındır, S. (2014). Hemşirelik eğitiminde simülasyon kullanımı. Düzce Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi, 4(2), 25-29.
  • Human Interface Technology Laboratory. (n.d.). What is virtual reality? University of Washington. Retrieved 4 Ocak, 2024, from https://www.hitl.washington.edu/ projects/learning_center/pf/whatisvr.htm
  • Kane, J., Pye, S., & Jones, A. (2011). Effectiveness of a simulation-based program in a pediatric intensive care unit. Journal of Pediatric Nursing, 26(4), 287-294.
  • Klein, L. R. (2003). Creating Virtual Product Experiences: The Role of Telepresence. Journal of Interactive Marketing, 7(1), 41-55.
  • Kızıl, M., & Joy, J. (2018). What can virtual reality do for safety? Minerals Industry Safety and Health Centre, The University of Queensland, 11.
  • Kory, P. D., Eisen, L. A., Adachi, M., Ribaudo, V. A., Rosenthal, M. E., & Mayo, P. H. (2007). Initial airway management skills of senior residents: Simulation training compared with traditional training. Chest, 132(6), 1927-1931.
  • Köse, N., & Yengin, D. (2018). Dijital pazarlamadan fijital pazarlamaya geçişe örnek olarak artırılmış gerçeklik ve sanal gerçeklik uygulamalarının pazarlama üzerindeki katkılarının incelenmesi. İstanbul Aydın Üniversitesi Dergisi (İAÜD), 10(1), 77-111.
  • Lino, P. R. (2004). Police Education and Training in a Global Society: A Brazilian Overview. Police Practice and Research 5, 125-136.
  • Johnson, J. (2019). Artificial İntelligence & Future Warfare: İmplications for İnternational Security. Defence and Security Analysis, Volume 35, İsuue 2. pp.147-169. http://doi.org::10.1080/14751798.2019.1600800.
  • McEvoy, M. D., Smalley, J. C., Nietert, P. J., & Field, L. C. (2012). Validation of a detailed scoring checklist for use during advanced cardiac life support certification. Simulation in Healthcare, 7(4), 222-235.
  • Mevlütoğlu, A. (n.d.). Uçuş eğitiminde simülatörler. Mühendis ve Makina, 54(636).
  • Murphy, C. A., & Perera, T. D. (2001). The Definition and Potential Role of Simulation Within an Aerospace Company. Winter Simulation Conference, 829- 837.
  • Police and military simulation training market 2021-2025: Cost-effective virtual training to boost growth - Technavio. (30 Mart 2022). PR Newswire. Erişim tarihi: 02.06.2022. Retrieved from https://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/ police-and-military-simulation-training-market-2021-2025--cost-effectivevirtual- training-to-boost-growth--technavio-301513063.html
  • Ray, R. (2020). Illness spillovers of lethal police violence: The significance of gendered marginalization.
  • Rosen M. A., Salas E, Wilson KA, King HB, Salisbury M, Auqenstein JS, Robinson DW, Birnbach DJ. (2008). Measuring team performance in simulation-based training: adopting best practices for healthcare. Simul Healthc, 3(1), 33-41.
  • Streeter, J. (2020). Police reform in the COVID-19 era: Challenges and opportunities. Journal of Criminal Justice, 68, 101-110.
  • Taylor, K.-Y. (2020). Black Lives Matter: A movement in the age of COVID-19. New York University Press.
  • The Washington Post. (2020). Fatal Force: Police Shootings Database.
  • Türk Dil Kurumu. (2024). Büyük Türkçe Sözlük. Erişim tarihi 12.01.2024, https://sozluk.gov.tr/
  • Odabaşı, M., Akdoğan, H., & Tatıl, S., (2011). Amerika Birleşik Devletlerinde polis eğitimi (Police training in the USA). İçinde Polis eğitim sistemleri (Police training systems). Ankara: Polis Akademisi Yayınları.
  • O’Hara, B. (2020). Newark’s approach to reducing police violence. Public Safety Journal, 23(2), 45-58.
  • Önder, B. A. (2021). Z Kuşağı: Eşitlik ve Reklam Tasarımları (Dijital Yerliler). Nobel Bilimsel: Ankara.
  • Utah State Legislature. (2016). Utah’s VR Training Center Legislation.
  • Wallentine, K. (2019). Professionalizing police departments through simulationbased training. Law Enforcement Executive Journal, 34(4), 23-35.
  • Walker, S., & Katz, C. M. (2013). The Police in America: An Introduction. McGraw-Hill Education.
  • Washington Post. (12 Aralık 2021). Role-play police shootings. The Washington Post. Erişim tarihi: 02.06.2022. Retrieved from https://www.washingtonpost. com/national-security/2021/12/12/role-play-police-shootings/
  • Weitzer, R. (2002). Incidents of police misconduct and public opinion. Journal of Criminal Justice, 30(5), 397-408.
  • Yamamoto, G. T., Özgeldi, M., & Altun, D. (2018). Instructional Developments and Progress for Open and Equal Access for Learning. Open and Equal Access for Learning in School Management (pp. 117-143). içinde IntechOpen.

THE USE OF REALISTIC SCENARIOS IN THE AGE OF DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION: A REVIEW ON SIMULATION-BASED TRAINING AS A MODERN EDUCATION METHOD

Year 2023, Volume: 9 Issue: 2, 169 - 189, 21.08.2024

Abstract

With the developing technology, virtual experience opportunities have created new learning tools and these tools have become widespread in many areas of life. Especially in education and training, interactive techniques, which are one of the most effective methods for students to acquire cognitive and psychomotor skills, ensure the active participation of students and professionals. Simulation, which stands out among these techniques, plays an important role in developing cognitive, psychomotor and attitudinal knowledge and skills by offering students the opportunity to experience real-life scenarios. Simulation allows individuals to imitate real-world processes, events and systems through a model. This method is widely used in many fields from engineering to medicine, military training to other learning processes. Simulation systems allow analyzing the performance of processes in environments created as an exact imitation of reality, evaluating how systems will operate under changing conditions and developing measures against various scenarios. Thanks to these features, simulation is an effective tool for making the right decisions and offers cost- and time-effective solutions. In this study, the effects of simulation systems on learning, which have been widely used in recent years, are examined. In particular, it is investigated how simulation-based training in police organizations improves student learning practices. In this context, the knowledge and skill levels of police students trained using simulation systems were evaluated. In this study, document analysis, one of the qualitative research methods, was used. The data obtained from the post-training case studies of the institutions providing simulation training and the reports published by the institutions to which the people who received simulation-based training are affiliated were analyzed. It is thought that the study will contribute to the literature by emphasizing the importance of experience in education and training in a period of rapid change in digital transformation.

References

  • Ajansı. Erişim Tarihi: 07.05.2022. https://www.aa.com.tr/tr/dunya/abd-polisi- 2017de-987-kisiyi-oldurdu/1023729
  • Anadolu Ajansı. (11 Şubat 2022). Washington Post: ABD polisi 2021’de 1055 kişiyi öldürdü. Anadolu Ajansı. Erişim Tarihi: 07.05.2022. Retrieved from https://www.aa.com.tr/tr/dunya/washington-post-abd-polisi-2021de-1055-kisiyioldurdu/ 2498676
  • Anadolu Ajansı. (4 Haziran, 2024). BM raportörlerinden Chicago’daki sistematik ırkçı polis şiddetine karşı daha çok eylem çağrısı. Erişim Tarihi: 30.06.2024. Anadolu Ajansı. Retrieved from https://www.aa.com.tr/tr/dunya/ bm-raportorlerinden-chicagodaki-sistematik-irkci-polis-siddetine-karsi-dahacok- eylem-cagrisi/3239172
  • https://www.aa.com.tr/tr/dunya/bm-raportorlerinden-chicagodaki-sistematikirkci- polis-siddetine-karsi-daha-cok-eylem-cagrisi/3239172
  • Ayhan, U. (2008). Amerika Birleşik Devletlerinde Yerel Yönetimler. Sayıştay Dergisi, (70), 103-120.
  • ABD Hava Kuvvetlerinden savaş pilotu eğitimi için sanal gerçeklik hamlesi. (19 Temmuz 2021). M5 Dergi. Erişim Tarihi: June 5, 2024, https://m5dergi.com/ one-cikan/abd-hava-kuvvetlerinden-savas-pilotu-egitimi-icin-sanal-gerceklikhamlesi/
  • Banks, D., Hendrix, J., Hickman, M., & Kyckelhahn, T. (2016). National sources of law enforcement employment data. RTI International, Seattle University, United States Sentencing Commission.
  • Banks, D., Couzens, L., & Williams, C. (2016). Simulation training for police officers: A review of the evidence. Police Practice and Research, 17(1), 1-12.
  • Birzer, M. L., & Roberson, C. (2012). Police field operations: Theory meets practice. Prentice Hall.
  • Blacker, K. (2017). Virtual reality in police training: Challenges and opportunities. Journal of Law Enforcement, 45(3), 100-115.
  • Bumgarner, J. (2002). An assessment of the perceptions of policing as aa profession among two-year and four-year criminal justice and law enforcement officers. Journal of Criminal Justice Education, 13, pp. 331-352.
  • Conwin, K., & Thomen, D. (2000). Simulation based acquisition: An overarching view. In Simulation Interoperability Workshop.
  • Creswell, J. W. (2013). Qualitative inquiry and research design: Choosing among five approaches (3rd ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
  • Cunningham, S., Foote, L., Sowder, M., & Cunningham, C. (2018). Interprofessional education and collaboration: A simulation-based learning experience focused on common and complementary skills in an acute care environment. Journal of Interprofessional Care, 32(3), 395-398.
  • FLETC. (2016). Strategic Plan 2016-2018. Federal Law Enforcement Training Centers.
  • FLETC. (2021). Federal Law Enforcement Training Centers Annual Report. Federal Law Enforcement Training Centers.
  • Glesne, C. (2011). Becoming qualitative researchers. (A. Ersoy & P. Yalçınoğlu, Çev.). Pearson.
  • Görüş, S., Bilgi, N., & Korkut Bayındır, S. (2014). Hemşirelik eğitiminde simülasyon kullanımı. Düzce Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi, 4(2), 25-29.
  • Human Interface Technology Laboratory. (n.d.). What is virtual reality? University of Washington. Retrieved 4 Ocak, 2024, from https://www.hitl.washington.edu/ projects/learning_center/pf/whatisvr.htm
  • Kane, J., Pye, S., & Jones, A. (2011). Effectiveness of a simulation-based program in a pediatric intensive care unit. Journal of Pediatric Nursing, 26(4), 287-294.
  • Klein, L. R. (2003). Creating Virtual Product Experiences: The Role of Telepresence. Journal of Interactive Marketing, 7(1), 41-55.
  • Kızıl, M., & Joy, J. (2018). What can virtual reality do for safety? Minerals Industry Safety and Health Centre, The University of Queensland, 11.
  • Kory, P. D., Eisen, L. A., Adachi, M., Ribaudo, V. A., Rosenthal, M. E., & Mayo, P. H. (2007). Initial airway management skills of senior residents: Simulation training compared with traditional training. Chest, 132(6), 1927-1931.
  • Köse, N., & Yengin, D. (2018). Dijital pazarlamadan fijital pazarlamaya geçişe örnek olarak artırılmış gerçeklik ve sanal gerçeklik uygulamalarının pazarlama üzerindeki katkılarının incelenmesi. İstanbul Aydın Üniversitesi Dergisi (İAÜD), 10(1), 77-111.
  • Lino, P. R. (2004). Police Education and Training in a Global Society: A Brazilian Overview. Police Practice and Research 5, 125-136.
  • Johnson, J. (2019). Artificial İntelligence & Future Warfare: İmplications for İnternational Security. Defence and Security Analysis, Volume 35, İsuue 2. pp.147-169. http://doi.org::10.1080/14751798.2019.1600800.
  • McEvoy, M. D., Smalley, J. C., Nietert, P. J., & Field, L. C. (2012). Validation of a detailed scoring checklist for use during advanced cardiac life support certification. Simulation in Healthcare, 7(4), 222-235.
  • Mevlütoğlu, A. (n.d.). Uçuş eğitiminde simülatörler. Mühendis ve Makina, 54(636).
  • Murphy, C. A., & Perera, T. D. (2001). The Definition and Potential Role of Simulation Within an Aerospace Company. Winter Simulation Conference, 829- 837.
  • Police and military simulation training market 2021-2025: Cost-effective virtual training to boost growth - Technavio. (30 Mart 2022). PR Newswire. Erişim tarihi: 02.06.2022. Retrieved from https://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/ police-and-military-simulation-training-market-2021-2025--cost-effectivevirtual- training-to-boost-growth--technavio-301513063.html
  • Ray, R. (2020). Illness spillovers of lethal police violence: The significance of gendered marginalization.
  • Rosen M. A., Salas E, Wilson KA, King HB, Salisbury M, Auqenstein JS, Robinson DW, Birnbach DJ. (2008). Measuring team performance in simulation-based training: adopting best practices for healthcare. Simul Healthc, 3(1), 33-41.
  • Streeter, J. (2020). Police reform in the COVID-19 era: Challenges and opportunities. Journal of Criminal Justice, 68, 101-110.
  • Taylor, K.-Y. (2020). Black Lives Matter: A movement in the age of COVID-19. New York University Press.
  • The Washington Post. (2020). Fatal Force: Police Shootings Database.
  • Türk Dil Kurumu. (2024). Büyük Türkçe Sözlük. Erişim tarihi 12.01.2024, https://sozluk.gov.tr/
  • Odabaşı, M., Akdoğan, H., & Tatıl, S., (2011). Amerika Birleşik Devletlerinde polis eğitimi (Police training in the USA). İçinde Polis eğitim sistemleri (Police training systems). Ankara: Polis Akademisi Yayınları.
  • O’Hara, B. (2020). Newark’s approach to reducing police violence. Public Safety Journal, 23(2), 45-58.
  • Önder, B. A. (2021). Z Kuşağı: Eşitlik ve Reklam Tasarımları (Dijital Yerliler). Nobel Bilimsel: Ankara.
  • Utah State Legislature. (2016). Utah’s VR Training Center Legislation.
  • Wallentine, K. (2019). Professionalizing police departments through simulationbased training. Law Enforcement Executive Journal, 34(4), 23-35.
  • Walker, S., & Katz, C. M. (2013). The Police in America: An Introduction. McGraw-Hill Education.
  • Washington Post. (12 Aralık 2021). Role-play police shootings. The Washington Post. Erişim tarihi: 02.06.2022. Retrieved from https://www.washingtonpost. com/national-security/2021/12/12/role-play-police-shootings/
  • Weitzer, R. (2002). Incidents of police misconduct and public opinion. Journal of Criminal Justice, 30(5), 397-408.
  • Yamamoto, G. T., Özgeldi, M., & Altun, D. (2018). Instructional Developments and Progress for Open and Equal Access for Learning. Open and Equal Access for Learning in School Management (pp. 117-143). içinde IntechOpen.
There are 45 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Cultural Studies (Other)
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Zeynep Özkara 0009-0000-8564-0522

Publication Date August 21, 2024
Submission Date July 8, 2024
Acceptance Date July 11, 2024
Published in Issue Year 2023 Volume: 9 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Özkara, Z. (2024). DİJİTAL DÖNÜŞÜM ÇAĞINDA GERÇEKÇİ SENARYOLARIN KULLANIMI: MODERN EĞİTİM YÖNTEMİ OLARAK SİMÜLASYON TABANLI EĞİTİMLER ÜZERİNE BİR İNCELEME. International Journal of Media Culture and Literature, 9(2), 169-189.


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