Değişken Koşullar Altında Fotovoltaik Güç Dönüşümü İçin Adaptif Kontrol Tabanlı Yeniden Yapılandırılabilir Boost Dönüştürücü Mimarisi

Abstract

Bu çalışma, değişken ışınım ve sıcaklık koşulları altında çalışan fotovoltaik (PV) sistemlerde dinamik kararlılığı artırmak ve güç aktarım verimliliğini iyileştirmek amacıyla zamana bağlı anahtarlamalı adaptif bir yükselten dönüştürücü mimarisi önermektedir. Geleneksel yükselten dönüştürücüler genellikle sabit pasif bileşenler kullanır; bu durum ise hızlı çevresel değişimler sırasında aşım (overshoot), salınım ve kararsızlığa yol açmaktadır. Bu problemler hem dönüştürücü performansını hem de maksimum güç noktası takibi (MPPT) algoritmalarının etkinliğini olumsuz yönde etkilemektedir. Önerilen yaklaşımda, indüktör ve kapasitör grupları zaman tabanlı bir kontrol mekanizması aracılığıyla dinamik olarak devreye alınıp çıkarılmaktadır. Bu sayede dönüştürücü topolojisinin gerçek zamanlı olarak yeniden yapılandırılması mümkün olmaktadır. Bu adaptif yapı, ek bir enerji tamponlama (buffering) kapasitesi sağlayarak ani ışınım değişimlerine karşı sistemin geçici rejim (transient) tepkisini iyileştirmektedir. Sistem, MATLAB Simulink ortamında modellenmiş ve Değiştir-Gözle (Perturb and Observe (P&O)), Artan İletkenlik (Incremental Conductance (IC)) ve Hibrit Parçacık Sürü Optimizasyonu-Artan İletkenlik (Particle Swarm Optimization–Incremental Conductance (PSO–IC)) MPPT algoritmaları kullanılarak değerlendirilmiştir. Klasik ve adaptif dönüştürücü yapılar arasında yapılan karşılaştırmalı analiz sonuçları, önerilen sistemin daha düşük kök ortalama kare hatası (RMSE), daha düşük ortalama mutlak yüzde hata (MAPE) ve daha az çıkış gücü dalgalanması (ripple) sağladığını göstermektedir. Test edilen yöntemler arasında, adaptif dönüştürücü ile entegre edilen PSO–IC hibrit algoritması en iyi performansı sergilemiş; %96.56 izleme verimliliği, daha hızlı yakınsama ve minimum güç salınımları elde edilmiştir. Sonuç olarak, önerilen adaptif dönüştürücü yapısı, geleneksel tasarımlara kıyasla daha kararlı, daha doğru ve daha verimli bir enerji dönüşümü sağlayarak PV sistemlerin güvenilirliğini ve MPPT performansını önemli ölçüde artırmaktadır. Gelecek çalışmalar, donanım uygulamasına ve alternatif meta-sezgisel MPPT teknikleri ile değerlendirmelere odaklanacaktır.

Keywords

• Fotovoltaik Sistemler
• Adaptif Yükselten Dönüştürücü
• Maksismum Güç Noktası Takibi
• Parçacık Sürü Optimizasyonu-Artan İletkenlik Algoritması
• MATLAB/Simulink

Adaptive Control-Based Reconfigurable Boost Converter Architecture for Photovoltaic Power Conversion Under Variable Conditions

Abstract

This study proposes a time-dependent switched adaptive boost converter architecture to enhance dynamic stability and improve power transfer efficiency in photovoltaic (PV) systems operating under varying irradiance and temperature conditions. Conventional boost converters typically use fixed passive components, which often lead to overshoot, oscillations, and instability during rapid environmental changes. These issues negatively impact both converter performance and the effectiveness of maximum power point tracking (MPPT) algorithms. In the proposed approach, groups of inductors and capacitors are dynamically switched on and off through a time-based control mechanism, allowing real-time reconfiguration of the converter topology. This adaptive configuration introduces an additional energy buffering capability, thereby improving the system’s transient response against sudden irradiance fluctuations. The system was modeled and simulated in the MATLAB Simulink environment and evaluated using Perturb and Observe (P&O), Incremental Conductance (IC), and a hybrid Particle Swarm Optimization–Incremental Conductance (PSO–IC) MPPT algorithms. Comparative results between classical and adaptive converter structures demonstrate that the proposed system achieves lower root mean square error (RMSE), reduced mean absolute percentage error (MAPE), and decreased output power ripple. Among the tested methods, the adaptive converter integrated with the PSO–IC hybrid algorithm exhibited the best performance, achieving a tracking efficiency of 96.56%, faster convergence, and minimized power oscillations. Overall, the proposed adaptive converter structure provides a more stable, accurate, and efficient energy conversion compared to traditional designs, significantly enhancing the reliability of PV systems and MPPT performance. Future work will focus on hardware implementation and evaluation with alternative metaheuristic MPPT techniques.

Keywords

• Photovoltaic system
• Adaptive boost converter
• MPPT
• PSO-IC algorithm
• MATLAB/Simulink

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