Efficiency Optimization Of Combined Heat And Power System Integrated With Renewable Energy For A Hospital

Year 2019, Volume: 3 Issue: 1, 76 - 81, 04.03.2019

Nurdan Burgu , Haluk Gözde , M.cengiz Taplamacıoğlu

Abstract

The demand of energy is getting higher with the developing technologies
and increase of world population. Recently most of the energy demand is
providing from the fossil fuels. The global greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from
fossil fuels are threat for the world. The combustion of fossil fuels such as
coal, oil and natural gas causes the GHG emission. Since fossil fuels are the
greatest part of production of electricity and thermal steam, most of the
research is making on clean, economical and reliable energy sources. Between
the renewable energy sources, photovoltaic arrays get importance since
photovoltaic Panel (PV) converts sunlight directly into electricity is a good
option to produce electrical energy. Photovoltaic panels do not directly emit
GHGs while energy conversion. However, PV cells have limitations because of
inherent intermittency of solar irradiation and cloudy weather conditions. One
of the greatest advantages of renewable sources is being integrated with other
renewable energy sources to form a hybrid system. Therefore, to provide
reliable and continuous energy, it is suggested that PV can be hybridized with
other sources such as co-generation (CHP-Combined Heat and Power) system.

Combined Heat and Power technology is one of the efficient technology since
it provides twice or more times of the useful energy from the same amount of
fuel. The places need both electrical and thermal loads such as hotels,
residential buildings and especially hospitals are good option to use CHP
systems are coupled with solar photovoltaic (PV) arrays, reduces GHG emissions
further. By adding battery systems to a PV+CHP system, total system efficiency
will be getting higher by reducing CHP runtime. For simulation and optimization
of renewable energy systems a lot of software have been developed.  One of the most successful software is the
Hybrid Optimization Model for Electric Renewable (HOMER) with the Pro Microgrid
Analysis tool is to simulate PV+battery+CHP hybrid systems. In this paper, a
hybrid system is simulated for a hospital and it is observed that the
electricity produced by each component of the hybrid system can be integrated
to meet the hospital load demand. Thermal load demand is supplied with a boiler
and CHP unit. A sensitivity analysis of this hybrid off grid systems is
depended on a function capacity factor of both the PV and CHP units. As a
result of this study, it is found that PV + battery + CHP hybrid system is one
of the most effective system to reduce energy related emissions and also to
increase energy efficiency.

Keywords

Hybrid Energy Systems, Renewable Energy Sources, Optimization, PV+Battery+CHP systems

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