TR
EN
The Use of ChatGPT in Qualitative Data Analysis: A Comparative Analysis on Contextual Fidelity and Thematic Consistency
Abstract
This study aims to evaluate the functionality of the large language model ChatGPT in qualitative data analysis by comparing it with human-conducted content analysis. The dataset consists of a total of 43,164 tweets shared on the X (formerly Twitter) platform on Teachers’ Day, November 24, in the years 2020 and 2021. Since the data were obtained from previously archived social media content, document analysis was used as the data collection method.
The research was designed as a comparative case study. During the analysis process, both descriptive analysis and content analysis techniques were employed. The dataset, previously used in a published study by the researcher, was uploaded to ChatGPT-4o for AI-assisted analysis. The findings were compared in terms of thematic consistency, contextual fidelity, conceptual depth, and example discourse alignment. Additionally, ChatGPT’s critical evaluations and theoretical framework suggestions regarding the dataset were also assessed.
The results indicate that while ChatGPT is effective in constructing conceptual frameworks and generating general themes, it exhibits limitations in understanding context and producing data-faithful examples. Particularly in the absence of user guidance, the model tends to generate synthetic discourse, posing a risk of contextual drift.
Therefore, when supported with researcher oversight and clear prompts, ChatGPT can serve as a complementary tool in qualitative analysis processes.
Keywords
References
- van Manen, M. (2023). What Does ChatGPT Mean for Qualitative Health Research? Qualitative Health Research, 33(13), 1135–1139. https://doi.org/10.1177/10497323231210816 Wachinger, J., Bärnighausen, K., Schäfer, L. N., Scott, K., & McMahon, S. A. (2024). Prompts, Pearls, Imperfections: Comparing ChatGPT and a Human Researcher in Qualitative Data Analysis. Qualitative Health Research. https://doi.org/10.1177/10497323241244669
Details
Primary Language
English
Subjects
Social and Humanities Education (Excluding Economics, Business and Management)
Journal Section
Research Article
Publication Date
August 5, 2025
Submission Date
July 7, 2025
Acceptance Date
July 31, 2025
Published in Issue
Year 2025 Volume: 11 Number: 2
APA
Erdem, S., & Pamuk, A. (2025). The Use of ChatGPT in Qualitative Data Analysis: A Comparative Analysis on Contextual Fidelity and Thematic Consistency. International Journal of Field Education, 11(2), 28-57. https://izlik.org/JA56TB52MY
AMA
1.Erdem S, Pamuk A. The Use of ChatGPT in Qualitative Data Analysis: A Comparative Analysis on Contextual Fidelity and Thematic Consistency. IJOFE. 2025;11(2):28-57. https://izlik.org/JA56TB52MY
Chicago
Erdem, Serdar, and Akif Pamuk. 2025. “The Use of ChatGPT in Qualitative Data Analysis: A Comparative Analysis on Contextual Fidelity and Thematic Consistency”. International Journal of Field Education 11 (2): 28-57. https://izlik.org/JA56TB52MY.
EndNote
Erdem S, Pamuk A (August 1, 2025) The Use of ChatGPT in Qualitative Data Analysis: A Comparative Analysis on Contextual Fidelity and Thematic Consistency. International Journal of Field Education 11 2 28–57.
IEEE
[1]S. Erdem and A. Pamuk, “The Use of ChatGPT in Qualitative Data Analysis: A Comparative Analysis on Contextual Fidelity and Thematic Consistency”, IJOFE, vol. 11, no. 2, pp. 28–57, Aug. 2025, [Online]. Available: https://izlik.org/JA56TB52MY
ISNAD
Erdem, Serdar - Pamuk, Akif. “The Use of ChatGPT in Qualitative Data Analysis: A Comparative Analysis on Contextual Fidelity and Thematic Consistency”. International Journal of Field Education 11/2 (August 1, 2025): 28-57. https://izlik.org/JA56TB52MY.
JAMA
1.Erdem S, Pamuk A. The Use of ChatGPT in Qualitative Data Analysis: A Comparative Analysis on Contextual Fidelity and Thematic Consistency. IJOFE. 2025;11:28–57.
MLA
Erdem, Serdar, and Akif Pamuk. “The Use of ChatGPT in Qualitative Data Analysis: A Comparative Analysis on Contextual Fidelity and Thematic Consistency”. International Journal of Field Education, vol. 11, no. 2, Aug. 2025, pp. 28-57, https://izlik.org/JA56TB52MY.
Vancouver
1.Serdar Erdem, Akif Pamuk. The Use of ChatGPT in Qualitative Data Analysis: A Comparative Analysis on Contextual Fidelity and Thematic Consistency. IJOFE [Internet]. 2025 Aug. 1;11(2):28-57. Available from: https://izlik.org/JA56TB52MY