Production of Pectinase Enzymes by Bacillus pumilus in Bioreactor and Investigation of the Effect of Mixing and Airflow Rate

Abstract

Pectinases are a general name for a family of enzymes that catalyze the hydrolysis of glycosidic bonds in pectic polymers. In this study, the effects of stirring speed and airflow rate on the production of endo-pectinase, exo-pectinase and pectin lyase from pectinase group enzymes in a batch bioreactor were investigated. In addition, the oxygen consumption rate and the change of the liquid phase volumetric mass transfer coefficient and the power number for stirring were also calculated. It was determined that the optimum stirring speed for the production of pectinase group enzymes of Bacillus pumilus bacteria was 300 rpm. In experiments where the effect of airflow rate on enzyme activity was investigated, the highest enzyme activity values were obtained at 0.1 vvm. The highest pectin lyase, exo-pectinase and endo-pectinase activities were recorded as 19.5 at the 66th hour, 10.69 at the 28th hour and 102.13 U mL-1 at the 66th hour, respectively at a stirring speed of 300 rpm and an airflow rate of 0.1 vvm. The liquid phase volumetric oxygen transfer coefficient value increased with increasing stirring speed. The highest kLa value was recorded as 0.1524 h-1 at the 26th hour at 300 rpm stirring speed and 0.2623 h-1 at the 60th hour at 400 rpm. The oxygen consumption rate increased in the exponential growing zone and decreased after the exponential growing zone. When the stirring speed was increased, the oxygen consumption rate decreased. At optimum 300 rpm, the power value in the case of aeration to the system was found to be 1.95 W.

Keywords

• Bacillus pumilus
• bioreactor
• airflow rate
• pectinase production
• stirring speed

Biyoreaktörde Bacillus pumilus ile Pektinaz Enzimlerinin Üretimi ve Karıştırma ve Hava Akış Hızının Etkisinin İncelenmesi

Abstract

Pektinazlar, pektik polimerdeki glikozidik bağların hidrolizini katalizleyen enzim ailesinin genel bir adıdır. Bu çalışmada Bacillus pumilus bakterisinin kesikli bir biyoreaktörde pektinaz grubu enzimlerden endo-pektinaz, ekzo-pektinaz ve pektin liyaz üretimi üzerine karıştırma ve hava akış hızlarının etkileri araştırılmıştır. Ayrıca oksijen tüketim hızı ve sıvı faz hacimsel kütle transfer katsayısının değişimi ve karıştırma için güç sayısının hesabı da yapılmıştır. Bacillus pumilus bakterisinin pektinaz grubu enzimlerin üretimi için optimum karıştırma hızı değerinin 300 rpm olduğu tayin edilmiştir. Hava akış hızının enzim aktivite değerlerine etkisinin incelendiği deneylerde en yüksek enzim aktivite değerleri 0.1 vvm’ de elde edilmiştir. 300 rpm karıştırma hızında ve 0.1 vvm hava akış hızında en yüksek pektin liyaz aktivitesi 66. saatte 19.5, ekzo-pektinaz aktivitesi 28. saatte 10.69, endo-pektinaz aktivitesi 66. saatte 102.13 U mL-1 olarak kaydedilmiştir. Sıvı faz hacimsel oksijen transfer katsayısı değeri karıştırma hızının artmasıyla artmıştır. 300 rpm karıştırma hızında en yüksek kLa değeri 26. saatte 0.1524 s-1, 400 rpm’ de 60. saatte 0.2623 s-1 olarak kaydedilmiştir. Üstel üreme bölgesinde oksijen tüketim hızı zamanla artmış, üstel üreme bölgesinden sonra ise azalmıştır. Karıştırma hızı arttırıldığında ise oksijen tüketim hızında azalma meydana gelmiştir. Optimum 300 rpm’ de, sisteme havalandırmanın yapıldığı durumda ki güç değeri Pg= 1.95 W olarak bulunmuştur.

Keywords

• Bacillus pumilus
• biyoreaktör
• hava akış hızı
• karıştırma hızı
• pektinaz üretimi

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