The Potential of Using Pulsed Electric Field (PEF) Technology as the Cell Disruption Method to Extract Lipid from Microalgae for Biodiesel Production

Costantine Joannes; Coswald Stephen Sipaut; Jedol Dayou; Suhaimi Md.yasir; Rachel Fran Mansa

The Potential of Using Pulsed Electric Field (PEF) Technology as the Cell Disruption Method to Extract Lipid from Microalgae for Biodiesel Production

Year 2015, Volume: 5 Issue: 2, 598 - 621, 01.06.2015

Costantine Joannes Coswald Stephen Sipaut Jedol Dayou Suhaimi Md.yasir Rachel Fran Mansa

Abstract

For the past few years, there has been an explosive growth of interest in biodiesel production from algae based crops. Feedstock from microalgae is a highly promising resource and can be used as an alternative for sustainable and renewable energy since; lipid from microalgae can be converted to biodiesel. The study brief reviews of the processes related to microalgae for biodiesel production. This includes the process of microalgae cultivation, microalgae harvesting, extracting microalgae lipid and conversion of biodiesel from microalgae. Biodiesel yield is dependable on the amount of lipid extracted which is affected by the technology and method of extraction. The microalgae lipid extraction using traditional methods is primarily discussed and followed by the latest technology of microalgae cell disruption based on electroporation concept. Pulsed electric fields (PEF) Technology as the potential method to extract microalgae lipid is proposed in this work. Treatment of PEF associated with conventional extraction, such as solvent extraction is demonstrated to improve the extraction efficiency of lipid and other valuable intracellular components from microalgae. The paper also described the electroporation mechanism occurred in a cell membrane and the factors that affect the mechanism. Several of PEF chamber designs were discussed which adapted from food industries, biotechnology and engineering perspective view. The benefits and limitation of PEF in the microalgae lipid extraction are also mentioned in this work for the purpose of the future improvement of the PEF extraction system.

Keywords

Pulsed Electric Field; Microalgae; Lipid Extraction; Electroporation; Biodiesel

References

D. Diakoulaki and M. Mandaraka, “Decomposition analysis for assessing the progress in decoupling industrial growth from CO2 emissions in the EU manufacturing sector”, Energy Economic, vol. 29, pp. 636-664, 2007.
L. Brennan and P. Owende, “Biofuels from microalgae - A review of technologies for production, processing, and Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, vol 14, pp. 557-577, 2010. biofuels and co-products”,
I. Rawat, R. Ranjit-Kumar, T. Mutanda and F. Bux, “Biodiesel from microalgae: A critical evaluation from laboratory to large scale production”, Applied Energy, vol. 103, pp. 444–467, 2013.
E. Suali and R. Sarbatly, “Conversion of microalgae to biofuel”, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, vol.16, no.6, pp. 4316-4342, 2012.
L. Gouveia, “Microalgae as a feedstocks for biofuels”, SpronerBriefs in Microbiology, DOI: 10.1007/978-3- 642-17997-6_1, 2011.
L. Gouveia and A.C. Oliveira, “Microalgae as a raw material for biofuels production”, Journal of Industrial Microbiology & Biotechnology, vol. 36, pp. 269-74, 2009.
R.F. Mansa, A. Tahir, L.M. Hua, J. Dayou, C.S. Sipaut, “Design of a pilot scale outdoor photobioreactor for mass cultivation of local microalga”, International Journal of Engineering and Physical Science, vol.6, pp. 348-352, 2012.
M.K. Lam and K.T. Lee, “Microalgae biofuels: A critical review of issues, problems and the way forward”, Biotechnology Advances, vol. 30, pp. 673- 690, 2012.
T. Xie, Y. Sun, K. Du, B. Ling, R. Cheng and Y. Zhang. “Optimization of heterotrophic cultivation of Chlorella sp. for oil production”, Bioresource Technology, vol. 118, pp. 235-242, 2012.
T.M. Mata, A.A. Martins and N.S. Caetano, “Microalgae for biodiesel production and other applications: A review”, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, vol. 14, pp. 217-232, 2010.
R. Halim, M.K. Danquah and P.A. Webley, “Extraction of oil from microalgae for biodiesel production: A review”, Biotechnology Advances, vol.30, pp. 709-732, 2012.
K. Flisar, S.H. Meglic, J. Morelj, J. Golob and D. Miklavcic, “Testing a prototype pulse generator for a continuous flow system and its use for E. coli inactivation and Bioelectrochemistry, vol. 100, pp 44-51, 2014.
M. Goettel, C. Eing, C. Gusbeth, R. Straessner and W. Frey, “Pulsed electric field assisted extraction of intracellular valuables from microalgae”, Algae Research, vol. 2, pp. 401-408, 2013.
G. Foltz, Algae lysis with pulsed electric fields, Master Thesis, California State Polytechnic University, San Luis Obispo Follow, 2012.
A.K. Kempkes, I. Roth and M.P.J. Gaudreau, Pulsed electric field (PEF) method for continuous enhanced extraction of oil and lipids from small aquatic plants. US Patent 2011/0107655 A1, 12 May 2011.
M. Kempkes, I. Roth and N. Reinhardt, “Enhancing Industrial Processes by Pulsed Electric Fields”, Diversified Technologies Inc., Bedford, MA 01730 USA.
Y. S. Lai, P. Parameswaran, A. Li, M. Baez and B. E. Rittmann, “Effects of pulsed electric field treatment on enhancing lipid recovery from the Scenedesmus,” Bioresource Technology, vol. 173, pp. 457-461, 2014. microalga,
C. Eing, M. Goettel, R. Straessner, C. Gusbeth and W. Frey, “Pulsed electric field treatment of microalgae- benefits for microalgae biomass processing”, IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science, 41vol.10, pp. 2901- 2907, 2013.
M.D.A. Zbinden, “Pulsed electric field (PEF) as an intensification pretreatment for greener solvent lipid extraction from microalgae”, Master Thesis, University of Kansas, United State, 2011.
M.D.A Zbinden, B.S.M Strum, R.D. Nord, W.J. Carey, D. Moore, H. Shinogle and S.M. Stagg-Williams, “Pulsed electric field (PEF) as an intensification pretreatment for greener solvent lipid extraction from microalgae”, Biotechnolology and Bioengineering, vol. 110, pp. 1605-1615, 2013.
J. Sheng, R. Vannela and B.E. Rittmann, “Evaluation of cell-disruption effects of pulsed-electric-field treatment of Synechocystis PCC 6803”, Environmental Science & Technology, vol. 45, pp. 3795-3802, 2011.
S. Rasoul-Amini, N. Montazeri-Najafabady, M.A. Mobasher, S. Hoseini-Alhashemi and Y. Ghasemi, “Chlorella sp. : A new strain with highly saturated fatty acids for biodiesel production in bubble-column photobioreactor”, Applied Energy, vol. 88, pp. 3354- 3356, 2011.
M.K. Lam and K.T. Lee, “Catalytic transesterification of high viscosity crude microalgae lipid to biodiesel: Effect of co-solvent”, Fuel Processing Technology, vol. 110, pp. 242-248, 2013.
T. Dong, J. Wang, C. Miao, Y. Zheng and S. Chen, “Two-step in situ biodiesel production from microalgae with high free fatty acid content”, Bioresource Technology, vol. 136, pp. 8-15, 2013.
C.L. Teo, H. Jamaluddin, N.A. Mohd-Zain and A. Idris, “Biodiesel transesterification of microalgae lipids from Tetraselmis sp.”, Renewable Energy. vol. 68, pp. 1-5, 2014.
M.A. Rodrigues and E.P Silva Bon, “Evaluation of Chlorella (Chlorophyta) as source of fermentable sugars via cell wall enzymatic hydrolysis”, DOI: 10.4061/2011/405603, 2011.
J. Kim, G. Yoo, H. Lee, J. Lim, K. Kim, C.W. Kim, M.S. Park and J.M. Yang, “Methods of downstream processing for the production of biodiesel from microalgae”, Biotechnology Advances, vol. 31, pp. 862- 876, 2013.
A.K. Lee, D.M. Lewis and P.J. Ashman, “Review disruption of microalgal cells for the extraction of lipids for requirements”, Biomass and Bioenergy, vol. 46, pp. 89- 101, 2012. and specific energy
N. Samarasinghe, S. Fernando, R. Lacey and W.B. Faulkner, “Algal cell rupture using high pressure homogenization as a prelude to oil extraction”, Renewable Energy, vol. 48, pp. 300–308, 2012.
R. Halim, R. Harun, M.K. Danquah and P.A.Webley, “Microalgal cell disruption for biofuel development”, Applied Energy, vol. 91, no.1, pp. 116-121, 2012.
E.M. Spiden, B.H.J. Yap, D.R.A. Hill, S.E. Kentish, P.J. Scales and G.J.O. Martin, “Quantitative evaluation of the ease of rupture of industrially promising microalgae by high pressure homogenization”, Bioresource Technology, vol. 140, pp. 165-171, 2013.
M. Wang, W. Yuan, X. Jiang, Y. Jing and Z. Wang, “Disruption of microalgal cells using high-frequency focused ultrasound”, Bioresource Technology, vol. 153, pp. 315-321, 2014.
G. Zhao, X. Chen, L. Wang, S. Zhou, H. Feng, W.N. Chen and R. Lau, “Ultrasound assisted extraction of carbohydrates from microalgae as feedstock for yeast fermentation”, Bioresource Technology, vol. 128, pp. 337-344, 2013.
A.M.P. Neto, R.A.S. de-Souza, A.D. Leon-Nino, J.D.A. da-Costa, R.S. Tiburcio, T.A. Nunes, T.C.S. de-Mello, F.T. Kanemoto, F.M.P. Saldanha-Corrêa and S.M.F. Gianesella, “Improvement in microalgae lipid extraction Renewable Energy, vol. 55, pp. 525-531, 2013.
sonication-assisted method”,
G.S. Araujo, L.J.B.L. Matos, J.O. Fernandes, S.J.M. Cartaxo, L.R.B. Gonçalves, F.A.N. Fernandes and W.R.L. Farias, “Extraction of lipids from microalgae by ultrasound application: Prospection of the optimal extraction method”, Ultrasonics Sonochemistry, vol. 20, pp. 95-98, 2013.
S. Dey and V.K. Rathod, “Ultrasound assisted extraction of β-carotene from Spirulina platensis”, Ultrasonics Sonochemistry, vol. 20, pp. 271-276, 2013.
V. Pasquet, J.R. Chérouvrier, F. Farhat, V.Thiéry, J.M. Piot, J.B. Bérard, R. Kaas, B. Serive, T. Patrice, J.P. Cadoret and L. Picot, “Study on the microalgal pigments microwave assisted extraction”, Process Biochemistry, vol. 46, pp. 59-67, 2011. process: Performance of
P. Biller, C. Friedman and A.B. Ross, “Hydrothermal microwave processing of microalgae as a pre-treatment and extraction technique for bio-fuels and bio- products”, Bioresource Technology, vol. 136, pp. 188- 195, 2013.
J. Cheng, T. Yu, T. Li, J. Zhou and K. Cen, “Using wet microalgae for direct biodiesel production via microwave Irradiation”, Bioresource Technology, vol. 131, pp. 531-535, 2013.
J. Iqbal and C. Theegala, “Microwave assisted lipid extraction from microalgae using biodiesel as co- solvent”, Algal Research, vol. 2, pp. 34-42, 2013.
J.Y. Lee, C. Yoo, S.Y. Jun, C.Y. Ahn and H.M. Oh, “Comparison of several methods for effective lipid extraction from microalgae”, Bioresource Technology, vol. 101, pp. S75-S77, 2010.
A. P. J. Middelberg, “Process-Scale disruption of microorganisms”, Biotechnology Advances. vol. 13, no.3, pp. 491-551, 1995.
G. Yoo, W.K. Park, C.W. Kim, Y.E. Choi and J.W. Yang, Chlamydomonas reinhardtii biomass using osmotic shock”, Bioresource Technology, vol. 123, pp. 717-722, 2012. extraction from wet
J. Folch, M. Lees and G.H. Sloane-Stanley, “A simple method for the isolation and purification of total lipides from animal tissues”, Journal of Biological Chemistry, vol. 226, pp. 497-509, 1957.
E.G. Bligh and W.J. Dyer, “A rapid method of total lipid extraction and purification”, Canadian Journal of Biochemistry and Physiology, vol. 37, no.8, pp. 911- 917, 1959.
D.W. Bradley, M.W. Robert and C.S. Lance, “Biodiesel production by simultaneous extraction and conversion of total lipids from microalgae, cyanobacteria, and wild mixed-cultures”, Bioresource Technology, vol. 102, pp. 2724-2730, 2011.
A.R. Boyd, P. Champagne, P.J. McGinn, K.M. MacDougall hydrophilicity solvents for lipid extraction from microalgae for biofuel production”, Bioresource Technology, vol. 118, pp. 628-632, 2012. “Switchable
R.K. Balasubramanian, T.T.Y. Doan and J.P. Obbard, “Factors affecting cellular lipid extraction from marine microalgae”, Chemical Engineering Journal, vol. 215– 216, pp. 929-936, 2013.
C.L. Teo and A. Idris, “Enhancing the various solvent extraction method via microwave irradiation for extraction of lipids from marine microalgae in biodiesel production”, Bioresource Technology, vol. 171, pp. 477-481, 2014.
E. Ryckebosch, C. Bruneel, R. Termote-Verhalle, K. Muylaert and I. Foubert, “Influence of extraction solvent system on extractability of lipid components from different microalgae species”, Algal Research, vol. 3, pp. 36-43, 2014.
Y. Peralta-Ruiz, A.D. González-Delgado and V. Kafarov, “Evaluation of alternatives for microalgae oil extraction based on exergy analysis”, Applied Energy, vol. 101, pp. 226-236, 2013.
K. Ramluckan, K.G. Moodley and F. Bux, “An evaluation of the efficacy of using selected solvents for the extraction of lipids from algal biomass by the soxhlet extraction method”, Fuel, vol. 116, pp. 103-108, 2014.
C.H. Cheng, T.B. Dub, H.C. Pi, S.M. Jang, Y.H. Lin and Lee H.T, “Comparative study of lipid extraction from microalgae by organic solvent and supercritical CO”, Bioresource Technology, vol. 102, pp. 10151- 10153, 2011.
A. Mouahid, C. Crampon, S.A.A. Toudji and E, Badens, “Supercritical CO2 extraction of neutral lipids from microalgae: Experiments and modelling”, Journal of Supercritical Fluids, vol. 77, pp. 7-16, 2013.
H. Sovová, “Mathematical model for supercritical fluid extraction of natural products and extraction curve evaluation”, Journal of Supercritical Fluids, vol. 33, pp. 35-52, 2005.
H. Sovová, “Steps of supercritical fluid extraction of natural products and their characteristic times”, Journal of Supercritical Fluids, vol. 66, pp. 73-79, 2012.
I. Horst et al., “Treatment of Phaeodactylum tricornutum extraction”, Journal of Biotechnology, vol. 162, pp. 40- 49, 2012. papain facilitates lipid
C.C. Fu, T.C. Hung, J.Y. Chen, C.H. Su and W.T. Wu, “Hydrolysis of microalgae cell walls for production of reducing sugar and lipid extraction”, Bioresource Technology, vol. 101, pp. 8750-8754, 2010.
R. Daghrir, L. Igounet , S.K. Brar and P. Drogui, “Novel electrochemical method for the recovery of lipids from microalgae for biodiesel production”, Journal of the Taiwan Institute of Chemical Engineers, vol. 45, pp. 153-162, 2014. [60] Inman et al.,
“ElectroConcentration and
ElectroFlotation for De-watering/Water Purification”,
Presented at 221st Electrochemical Society Meeting,
Seattle, WA, Submitted to ECS Trans, pp. 1-8, July 2012.
A. Steriti, R. Rossi, A. Concas and G. Cao, “A novel cell disruption technique to enhance lipid extraction from microalgae”, Bioresource Technology, vol. 164, pp. 70-77, 2014.
Y. Wu, S, Zhou, F. Qin, K. Zhenga and X. Yea, “Modeling the oxidation kinetics of Fenton’s process on the degradation of humic acid”, Journal of Hazardous Materials, vol. 179, pp. 533–539, 2010.
S. Haberl, D. Miklavcic, G. Sersa, W. Frey and B. Rubinsky, “Cell membrane electroporation - Part 2: The applications”, IEEE Electrical Insulation Magazine, vol. 29, no.1, pp. 29-37, 19-27 Feb. 2013.
E. Ortega-Rivas, Non-thermal food engineering operations (Food Eng. Series) ed Barbosa-Cánovas, New York: Springer, 2012.
S. Toepfl, A. Mathys, V. Heinz and D. Knorr, “Review: potential of high hydrostatic pressure and pulsed electric fields for energy efficient and environmentally friendly food processing”, Food Reviews International, vol. 22, pp. 405-423, 2006.
O. Parniakov, F.J. Barba, N. Grimi, L. Marchal, S. Jubeau, N. Lebovka and E. Vorobiev, “Pulsed electric field assisted extraction of nutritionally valuable compounds from microalgae Nannochloropsis spp. using the binary mixture of organic solvents and water”, Innovative Food Science and Emerging Technologies, vol. 27, pp. 79-85, 2015.
O. Parniakov, F.J. Barba, N. Grimi, L. Marchal, S. Jubeau, N. Lebovka and E. Vorobiev, “Pulsed electric field and pH assisted selective extraction of intracellular components from microalgae Nannochloropsis”, Algal Research, vol. 8, pp. 128-134, 2015.
S. Qin et al., “Pulsed electric field treatment of microalgae: consumption”, IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science, pp.1-6, 2014. tendencies and energy
E. Luengo, S. Condo´n-Abanto, I. A´ lvarez and J. Raso, “Effect of Pulsed Electric Field Treatments on Permeabilization and Extraction of Pigments from Chlorella vulgaris” Journal of Membrane Biology, vol. 247, no. 12, pp. 1269-1277, 2014.
D. Rego et al., “Control of predators in industrial scale microalgae cultures with pulsed electric fields”, Bioelectrochemistry, DOI: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2014. 08.004, 2014. (in press).
T. Kotnik, P. Kramar, G. Pucihar and D. Miklavicic, “Cell membrane electroporation – Part 1: The phenomena”, IEEE Electrical Insulation Magazine, vol. 28, no. 5, pp. 14-23, 14-23 Oct. 2012. [72] U.
Zimmermann, “Electric breakdown, electro
permeabilization and electrofusion”, Reviews of
Physiology, Biochemistry and Pharmacology, vol. 105, pp. 196-256, 1986.
E. Vorobiev and N. Lebovka, Electrotechnologies for extraction from food plants and biomaterials, Food Engineering Series, DOI: 10.1007/978-0-387-79374- 0_2, pp.39-81, 2008.
D.C. Chang, J.A. Saunders, B.M. Chassy and A.E. Sowers, Overview of Electroporation and Electrofusion, 1992, ch.1.
V. Heinz, S. Toepfl and D. Knorr, “Impact of temperature on lethality and energy efficiency of apple juice pasteurization by pulsed electric fields treatment”, Innovation Food Science & Emerging Technology, vol.4, pp. 167-175, 2003.
K. Huang and J. Wang, “Designs of pulsed electric fields pasteurization process: A review”, Journal of Food Engineering, vol. 95, pp. 227-239, 2009. foods
M. Reberšek, D. Miklavčič, C. Bertacchini and M. Sack, “Cell Membrane Electroporation-Part 3: The Equipment”, IEEE Electrical Insulation Magazine, vol, 30, no. 3, pp. 8-18. May/June 2014.
A.H. Bushnell, J.E. Dunn and R.W. Clark, High pulsed voltage systems for extending the shelf life of pumpable food products, U. S. Patent 5,235,905, 1993.
G.V. Barbosa-Canovas, N.M. Gongora-Nieto, U.R. Pothakamury and B.G. Swanson, Preservation of food with pulsed electric fields, Academic Press, London, 1999.
OriginOil, A breakthrough technology to transform algae into biofuel, National Algae Association, http://www.originoil.com/pdf/OriginOil_NAA_30_Apr _ 2009.pdf.
OriginOil, Executive summary, http://www.originoil. com/pdf/OOIL_Executive_Summary.
OriginOil Overview, http://algalbiofuels.pbworks.com/ f/OriginOil.pdf.
OpenCEL is a Division of Trojan Technologies. Focused Pulsed Technology. http://www.opencel.com/ technology/focused-pulsed-technology/. (accessed date on 3 December 2014).
Diversified Technologies launches radical PEF technology for algal oil extraction, http://www.bio fuelsdigest.com/bdigest/2011/09/21/diversified-technol ogies-launches-radical-pef-technology-for-algal-oil-extr action. (accessed date on 5 December 2014).
M. Góngora-Nieto, P. Pedrow, B. Swanson and G. Barbosa-Cánovas, “Impact of air bubbles in a dielectric liquid when subjected to high field strengths”, Innovation Food Science & Emerging Technology, vol. 4, pp. 57-67, 2003.
M.E.A. Mohamed and A.H.A. Eissa, Pulsed electric fields for food processing technology, licensee InTech, 2012, ch.11.

Year 2015, Volume: 5 Issue: 2, 598 - 621, 01.06.2015

Costantine Joannes Coswald Stephen Sipaut Jedol Dayou Suhaimi Md.yasir Rachel Fran Mansa

Abstract

References

D. Diakoulaki and M. Mandaraka, “Decomposition analysis for assessing the progress in decoupling industrial growth from CO2 emissions in the EU manufacturing sector”, Energy Economic, vol. 29, pp. 636-664, 2007.
L. Brennan and P. Owende, “Biofuels from microalgae - A review of technologies for production, processing, and Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, vol 14, pp. 557-577, 2010. biofuels and co-products”,
I. Rawat, R. Ranjit-Kumar, T. Mutanda and F. Bux, “Biodiesel from microalgae: A critical evaluation from laboratory to large scale production”, Applied Energy, vol. 103, pp. 444–467, 2013.
E. Suali and R. Sarbatly, “Conversion of microalgae to biofuel”, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, vol.16, no.6, pp. 4316-4342, 2012.
L. Gouveia, “Microalgae as a feedstocks for biofuels”, SpronerBriefs in Microbiology, DOI: 10.1007/978-3- 642-17997-6_1, 2011.
L. Gouveia and A.C. Oliveira, “Microalgae as a raw material for biofuels production”, Journal of Industrial Microbiology & Biotechnology, vol. 36, pp. 269-74, 2009.
R.F. Mansa, A. Tahir, L.M. Hua, J. Dayou, C.S. Sipaut, “Design of a pilot scale outdoor photobioreactor for mass cultivation of local microalga”, International Journal of Engineering and Physical Science, vol.6, pp. 348-352, 2012.
M.K. Lam and K.T. Lee, “Microalgae biofuels: A critical review of issues, problems and the way forward”, Biotechnology Advances, vol. 30, pp. 673- 690, 2012.
T. Xie, Y. Sun, K. Du, B. Ling, R. Cheng and Y. Zhang. “Optimization of heterotrophic cultivation of Chlorella sp. for oil production”, Bioresource Technology, vol. 118, pp. 235-242, 2012.
T.M. Mata, A.A. Martins and N.S. Caetano, “Microalgae for biodiesel production and other applications: A review”, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, vol. 14, pp. 217-232, 2010.
R. Halim, M.K. Danquah and P.A. Webley, “Extraction of oil from microalgae for biodiesel production: A review”, Biotechnology Advances, vol.30, pp. 709-732, 2012.
K. Flisar, S.H. Meglic, J. Morelj, J. Golob and D. Miklavcic, “Testing a prototype pulse generator for a continuous flow system and its use for E. coli inactivation and Bioelectrochemistry, vol. 100, pp 44-51, 2014.
M. Goettel, C. Eing, C. Gusbeth, R. Straessner and W. Frey, “Pulsed electric field assisted extraction of intracellular valuables from microalgae”, Algae Research, vol. 2, pp. 401-408, 2013.
G. Foltz, Algae lysis with pulsed electric fields, Master Thesis, California State Polytechnic University, San Luis Obispo Follow, 2012.
A.K. Kempkes, I. Roth and M.P.J. Gaudreau, Pulsed electric field (PEF) method for continuous enhanced extraction of oil and lipids from small aquatic plants. US Patent 2011/0107655 A1, 12 May 2011.
M. Kempkes, I. Roth and N. Reinhardt, “Enhancing Industrial Processes by Pulsed Electric Fields”, Diversified Technologies Inc., Bedford, MA 01730 USA.
Y. S. Lai, P. Parameswaran, A. Li, M. Baez and B. E. Rittmann, “Effects of pulsed electric field treatment on enhancing lipid recovery from the Scenedesmus,” Bioresource Technology, vol. 173, pp. 457-461, 2014. microalga,
C. Eing, M. Goettel, R. Straessner, C. Gusbeth and W. Frey, “Pulsed electric field treatment of microalgae- benefits for microalgae biomass processing”, IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science, 41vol.10, pp. 2901- 2907, 2013.
M.D.A. Zbinden, “Pulsed electric field (PEF) as an intensification pretreatment for greener solvent lipid extraction from microalgae”, Master Thesis, University of Kansas, United State, 2011.
M.D.A Zbinden, B.S.M Strum, R.D. Nord, W.J. Carey, D. Moore, H. Shinogle and S.M. Stagg-Williams, “Pulsed electric field (PEF) as an intensification pretreatment for greener solvent lipid extraction from microalgae”, Biotechnolology and Bioengineering, vol. 110, pp. 1605-1615, 2013.
J. Sheng, R. Vannela and B.E. Rittmann, “Evaluation of cell-disruption effects of pulsed-electric-field treatment of Synechocystis PCC 6803”, Environmental Science & Technology, vol. 45, pp. 3795-3802, 2011.
S. Rasoul-Amini, N. Montazeri-Najafabady, M.A. Mobasher, S. Hoseini-Alhashemi and Y. Ghasemi, “Chlorella sp. : A new strain with highly saturated fatty acids for biodiesel production in bubble-column photobioreactor”, Applied Energy, vol. 88, pp. 3354- 3356, 2011.
M.K. Lam and K.T. Lee, “Catalytic transesterification of high viscosity crude microalgae lipid to biodiesel: Effect of co-solvent”, Fuel Processing Technology, vol. 110, pp. 242-248, 2013.
T. Dong, J. Wang, C. Miao, Y. Zheng and S. Chen, “Two-step in situ biodiesel production from microalgae with high free fatty acid content”, Bioresource Technology, vol. 136, pp. 8-15, 2013.
C.L. Teo, H. Jamaluddin, N.A. Mohd-Zain and A. Idris, “Biodiesel transesterification of microalgae lipids from Tetraselmis sp.”, Renewable Energy. vol. 68, pp. 1-5, 2014.
M.A. Rodrigues and E.P Silva Bon, “Evaluation of Chlorella (Chlorophyta) as source of fermentable sugars via cell wall enzymatic hydrolysis”, DOI: 10.4061/2011/405603, 2011.
J. Kim, G. Yoo, H. Lee, J. Lim, K. Kim, C.W. Kim, M.S. Park and J.M. Yang, “Methods of downstream processing for the production of biodiesel from microalgae”, Biotechnology Advances, vol. 31, pp. 862- 876, 2013.
A.K. Lee, D.M. Lewis and P.J. Ashman, “Review disruption of microalgal cells for the extraction of lipids for requirements”, Biomass and Bioenergy, vol. 46, pp. 89- 101, 2012. and specific energy
N. Samarasinghe, S. Fernando, R. Lacey and W.B. Faulkner, “Algal cell rupture using high pressure homogenization as a prelude to oil extraction”, Renewable Energy, vol. 48, pp. 300–308, 2012.
R. Halim, R. Harun, M.K. Danquah and P.A.Webley, “Microalgal cell disruption for biofuel development”, Applied Energy, vol. 91, no.1, pp. 116-121, 2012.
E.M. Spiden, B.H.J. Yap, D.R.A. Hill, S.E. Kentish, P.J. Scales and G.J.O. Martin, “Quantitative evaluation of the ease of rupture of industrially promising microalgae by high pressure homogenization”, Bioresource Technology, vol. 140, pp. 165-171, 2013.
M. Wang, W. Yuan, X. Jiang, Y. Jing and Z. Wang, “Disruption of microalgal cells using high-frequency focused ultrasound”, Bioresource Technology, vol. 153, pp. 315-321, 2014.
G. Zhao, X. Chen, L. Wang, S. Zhou, H. Feng, W.N. Chen and R. Lau, “Ultrasound assisted extraction of carbohydrates from microalgae as feedstock for yeast fermentation”, Bioresource Technology, vol. 128, pp. 337-344, 2013.
A.M.P. Neto, R.A.S. de-Souza, A.D. Leon-Nino, J.D.A. da-Costa, R.S. Tiburcio, T.A. Nunes, T.C.S. de-Mello, F.T. Kanemoto, F.M.P. Saldanha-Corrêa and S.M.F. Gianesella, “Improvement in microalgae lipid extraction Renewable Energy, vol. 55, pp. 525-531, 2013.
sonication-assisted method”,
G.S. Araujo, L.J.B.L. Matos, J.O. Fernandes, S.J.M. Cartaxo, L.R.B. Gonçalves, F.A.N. Fernandes and W.R.L. Farias, “Extraction of lipids from microalgae by ultrasound application: Prospection of the optimal extraction method”, Ultrasonics Sonochemistry, vol. 20, pp. 95-98, 2013.
S. Dey and V.K. Rathod, “Ultrasound assisted extraction of β-carotene from Spirulina platensis”, Ultrasonics Sonochemistry, vol. 20, pp. 271-276, 2013.
V. Pasquet, J.R. Chérouvrier, F. Farhat, V.Thiéry, J.M. Piot, J.B. Bérard, R. Kaas, B. Serive, T. Patrice, J.P. Cadoret and L. Picot, “Study on the microalgal pigments microwave assisted extraction”, Process Biochemistry, vol. 46, pp. 59-67, 2011. process: Performance of
P. Biller, C. Friedman and A.B. Ross, “Hydrothermal microwave processing of microalgae as a pre-treatment and extraction technique for bio-fuels and bio- products”, Bioresource Technology, vol. 136, pp. 188- 195, 2013.
J. Cheng, T. Yu, T. Li, J. Zhou and K. Cen, “Using wet microalgae for direct biodiesel production via microwave Irradiation”, Bioresource Technology, vol. 131, pp. 531-535, 2013.
J. Iqbal and C. Theegala, “Microwave assisted lipid extraction from microalgae using biodiesel as co- solvent”, Algal Research, vol. 2, pp. 34-42, 2013.
J.Y. Lee, C. Yoo, S.Y. Jun, C.Y. Ahn and H.M. Oh, “Comparison of several methods for effective lipid extraction from microalgae”, Bioresource Technology, vol. 101, pp. S75-S77, 2010.
A. P. J. Middelberg, “Process-Scale disruption of microorganisms”, Biotechnology Advances. vol. 13, no.3, pp. 491-551, 1995.
G. Yoo, W.K. Park, C.W. Kim, Y.E. Choi and J.W. Yang, Chlamydomonas reinhardtii biomass using osmotic shock”, Bioresource Technology, vol. 123, pp. 717-722, 2012. extraction from wet
J. Folch, M. Lees and G.H. Sloane-Stanley, “A simple method for the isolation and purification of total lipides from animal tissues”, Journal of Biological Chemistry, vol. 226, pp. 497-509, 1957.
E.G. Bligh and W.J. Dyer, “A rapid method of total lipid extraction and purification”, Canadian Journal of Biochemistry and Physiology, vol. 37, no.8, pp. 911- 917, 1959.
D.W. Bradley, M.W. Robert and C.S. Lance, “Biodiesel production by simultaneous extraction and conversion of total lipids from microalgae, cyanobacteria, and wild mixed-cultures”, Bioresource Technology, vol. 102, pp. 2724-2730, 2011.
A.R. Boyd, P. Champagne, P.J. McGinn, K.M. MacDougall hydrophilicity solvents for lipid extraction from microalgae for biofuel production”, Bioresource Technology, vol. 118, pp. 628-632, 2012. “Switchable
R.K. Balasubramanian, T.T.Y. Doan and J.P. Obbard, “Factors affecting cellular lipid extraction from marine microalgae”, Chemical Engineering Journal, vol. 215– 216, pp. 929-936, 2013.
C.L. Teo and A. Idris, “Enhancing the various solvent extraction method via microwave irradiation for extraction of lipids from marine microalgae in biodiesel production”, Bioresource Technology, vol. 171, pp. 477-481, 2014.
E. Ryckebosch, C. Bruneel, R. Termote-Verhalle, K. Muylaert and I. Foubert, “Influence of extraction solvent system on extractability of lipid components from different microalgae species”, Algal Research, vol. 3, pp. 36-43, 2014.
Y. Peralta-Ruiz, A.D. González-Delgado and V. Kafarov, “Evaluation of alternatives for microalgae oil extraction based on exergy analysis”, Applied Energy, vol. 101, pp. 226-236, 2013.
K. Ramluckan, K.G. Moodley and F. Bux, “An evaluation of the efficacy of using selected solvents for the extraction of lipids from algal biomass by the soxhlet extraction method”, Fuel, vol. 116, pp. 103-108, 2014.
C.H. Cheng, T.B. Dub, H.C. Pi, S.M. Jang, Y.H. Lin and Lee H.T, “Comparative study of lipid extraction from microalgae by organic solvent and supercritical CO”, Bioresource Technology, vol. 102, pp. 10151- 10153, 2011.
A. Mouahid, C. Crampon, S.A.A. Toudji and E, Badens, “Supercritical CO2 extraction of neutral lipids from microalgae: Experiments and modelling”, Journal of Supercritical Fluids, vol. 77, pp. 7-16, 2013.
H. Sovová, “Mathematical model for supercritical fluid extraction of natural products and extraction curve evaluation”, Journal of Supercritical Fluids, vol. 33, pp. 35-52, 2005.
H. Sovová, “Steps of supercritical fluid extraction of natural products and their characteristic times”, Journal of Supercritical Fluids, vol. 66, pp. 73-79, 2012.
I. Horst et al., “Treatment of Phaeodactylum tricornutum extraction”, Journal of Biotechnology, vol. 162, pp. 40- 49, 2012. papain facilitates lipid
C.C. Fu, T.C. Hung, J.Y. Chen, C.H. Su and W.T. Wu, “Hydrolysis of microalgae cell walls for production of reducing sugar and lipid extraction”, Bioresource Technology, vol. 101, pp. 8750-8754, 2010.
R. Daghrir, L. Igounet , S.K. Brar and P. Drogui, “Novel electrochemical method for the recovery of lipids from microalgae for biodiesel production”, Journal of the Taiwan Institute of Chemical Engineers, vol. 45, pp. 153-162, 2014. [60] Inman et al.,
“ElectroConcentration and
ElectroFlotation for De-watering/Water Purification”,
Presented at 221st Electrochemical Society Meeting,
Seattle, WA, Submitted to ECS Trans, pp. 1-8, July 2012.
A. Steriti, R. Rossi, A. Concas and G. Cao, “A novel cell disruption technique to enhance lipid extraction from microalgae”, Bioresource Technology, vol. 164, pp. 70-77, 2014.
Y. Wu, S, Zhou, F. Qin, K. Zhenga and X. Yea, “Modeling the oxidation kinetics of Fenton’s process on the degradation of humic acid”, Journal of Hazardous Materials, vol. 179, pp. 533–539, 2010.
S. Haberl, D. Miklavcic, G. Sersa, W. Frey and B. Rubinsky, “Cell membrane electroporation - Part 2: The applications”, IEEE Electrical Insulation Magazine, vol. 29, no.1, pp. 29-37, 19-27 Feb. 2013.
E. Ortega-Rivas, Non-thermal food engineering operations (Food Eng. Series) ed Barbosa-Cánovas, New York: Springer, 2012.
S. Toepfl, A. Mathys, V. Heinz and D. Knorr, “Review: potential of high hydrostatic pressure and pulsed electric fields for energy efficient and environmentally friendly food processing”, Food Reviews International, vol. 22, pp. 405-423, 2006.
O. Parniakov, F.J. Barba, N. Grimi, L. Marchal, S. Jubeau, N. Lebovka and E. Vorobiev, “Pulsed electric field assisted extraction of nutritionally valuable compounds from microalgae Nannochloropsis spp. using the binary mixture of organic solvents and water”, Innovative Food Science and Emerging Technologies, vol. 27, pp. 79-85, 2015.
O. Parniakov, F.J. Barba, N. Grimi, L. Marchal, S. Jubeau, N. Lebovka and E. Vorobiev, “Pulsed electric field and pH assisted selective extraction of intracellular components from microalgae Nannochloropsis”, Algal Research, vol. 8, pp. 128-134, 2015.
S. Qin et al., “Pulsed electric field treatment of microalgae: consumption”, IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science, pp.1-6, 2014. tendencies and energy
E. Luengo, S. Condo´n-Abanto, I. A´ lvarez and J. Raso, “Effect of Pulsed Electric Field Treatments on Permeabilization and Extraction of Pigments from Chlorella vulgaris” Journal of Membrane Biology, vol. 247, no. 12, pp. 1269-1277, 2014.
D. Rego et al., “Control of predators in industrial scale microalgae cultures with pulsed electric fields”, Bioelectrochemistry, DOI: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2014. 08.004, 2014. (in press).
T. Kotnik, P. Kramar, G. Pucihar and D. Miklavicic, “Cell membrane electroporation – Part 1: The phenomena”, IEEE Electrical Insulation Magazine, vol. 28, no. 5, pp. 14-23, 14-23 Oct. 2012. [72] U.
Zimmermann, “Electric breakdown, electro
permeabilization and electrofusion”, Reviews of
Physiology, Biochemistry and Pharmacology, vol. 105, pp. 196-256, 1986.
E. Vorobiev and N. Lebovka, Electrotechnologies for extraction from food plants and biomaterials, Food Engineering Series, DOI: 10.1007/978-0-387-79374- 0_2, pp.39-81, 2008.
D.C. Chang, J.A. Saunders, B.M. Chassy and A.E. Sowers, Overview of Electroporation and Electrofusion, 1992, ch.1.
V. Heinz, S. Toepfl and D. Knorr, “Impact of temperature on lethality and energy efficiency of apple juice pasteurization by pulsed electric fields treatment”, Innovation Food Science & Emerging Technology, vol.4, pp. 167-175, 2003.
K. Huang and J. Wang, “Designs of pulsed electric fields pasteurization process: A review”, Journal of Food Engineering, vol. 95, pp. 227-239, 2009. foods
M. Reberšek, D. Miklavčič, C. Bertacchini and M. Sack, “Cell Membrane Electroporation-Part 3: The Equipment”, IEEE Electrical Insulation Magazine, vol, 30, no. 3, pp. 8-18. May/June 2014.
A.H. Bushnell, J.E. Dunn and R.W. Clark, High pulsed voltage systems for extending the shelf life of pumpable food products, U. S. Patent 5,235,905, 1993.
G.V. Barbosa-Canovas, N.M. Gongora-Nieto, U.R. Pothakamury and B.G. Swanson, Preservation of food with pulsed electric fields, Academic Press, London, 1999.
OriginOil, A breakthrough technology to transform algae into biofuel, National Algae Association, http://www.originoil.com/pdf/OriginOil_NAA_30_Apr _ 2009.pdf.
OriginOil, Executive summary, http://www.originoil. com/pdf/OOIL_Executive_Summary.
OriginOil Overview, http://algalbiofuels.pbworks.com/ f/OriginOil.pdf.
OpenCEL is a Division of Trojan Technologies. Focused Pulsed Technology. http://www.opencel.com/ technology/focused-pulsed-technology/. (accessed date on 3 December 2014).
Diversified Technologies launches radical PEF technology for algal oil extraction, http://www.bio fuelsdigest.com/bdigest/2011/09/21/diversified-technol ogies-launches-radical-pef-technology-for-algal-oil-extr action. (accessed date on 5 December 2014).
M. Góngora-Nieto, P. Pedrow, B. Swanson and G. Barbosa-Cánovas, “Impact of air bubbles in a dielectric liquid when subjected to high field strengths”, Innovation Food Science & Emerging Technology, vol. 4, pp. 57-67, 2003.
M.E.A. Mohamed and A.H.A. Eissa, Pulsed electric fields for food processing technology, licensee InTech, 2012, ch.11.

There are 92 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language	English
Journal Section	Articles
Authors	Costantine Joannes This is me Coswald Stephen Sipaut This is me Jedol Dayou This is me Suhaimi Md.yasir This is me Rachel Fran Mansa This is me
Publication Date	June 1, 2015
Published in Issue	Year 2015 Volume: 5 Issue: 2

Cite

APA	Joannes, C., Sipaut, C. S., Dayou, J., Md.yasir, S., et al. (2015). The Potential of Using Pulsed Electric Field (PEF) Technology as the Cell Disruption Method to Extract Lipid from Microalgae for Biodiesel Production. International Journal Of Renewable Energy Research, 5(2), 598-621.
AMA	Joannes C, Sipaut CS, Dayou J, Md.yasir S, Mansa RF. The Potential of Using Pulsed Electric Field (PEF) Technology as the Cell Disruption Method to Extract Lipid from Microalgae for Biodiesel Production. International Journal Of Renewable Energy Research. June 2015;5(2):598-621.
Chicago	Joannes, Costantine, Coswald Stephen Sipaut, Jedol Dayou, Suhaimi Md.yasir, and Rachel Fran Mansa. “The Potential of Using Pulsed Electric Field (PEF) Technology As the Cell Disruption Method to Extract Lipid from Microalgae for Biodiesel Production”. International Journal Of Renewable Energy Research 5, no. 2 (June 2015): 598-621.
EndNote	Joannes C, Sipaut CS, Dayou J, Md.yasir S, Mansa RF (June 1, 2015) The Potential of Using Pulsed Electric Field (PEF) Technology as the Cell Disruption Method to Extract Lipid from Microalgae for Biodiesel Production. International Journal Of Renewable Energy Research 5 2 598–621.
IEEE	C. Joannes, C. S. Sipaut, J. Dayou, S. Md.yasir, and R. F. Mansa, “The Potential of Using Pulsed Electric Field (PEF) Technology as the Cell Disruption Method to Extract Lipid from Microalgae for Biodiesel Production”, International Journal Of Renewable Energy Research, vol. 5, no. 2, pp. 598–621, 2015.
ISNAD	Joannes, Costantine et al. “The Potential of Using Pulsed Electric Field (PEF) Technology As the Cell Disruption Method to Extract Lipid from Microalgae for Biodiesel Production”. International Journal Of Renewable Energy Research 5/2 (June 2015), 598-621.
JAMA	Joannes C, Sipaut CS, Dayou J, Md.yasir S, Mansa RF. The Potential of Using Pulsed Electric Field (PEF) Technology as the Cell Disruption Method to Extract Lipid from Microalgae for Biodiesel Production. International Journal Of Renewable Energy Research. 2015;5:598–621.
MLA	Joannes, Costantine et al. “The Potential of Using Pulsed Electric Field (PEF) Technology As the Cell Disruption Method to Extract Lipid from Microalgae for Biodiesel Production”. International Journal Of Renewable Energy Research, vol. 5, no. 2, 2015, pp. 598-21.
Vancouver	Joannes C, Sipaut CS, Dayou J, Md.yasir S, Mansa RF. The Potential of Using Pulsed Electric Field (PEF) Technology as the Cell Disruption Method to Extract Lipid from Microalgae for Biodiesel Production. International Journal Of Renewable Energy Research. 2015;5(2):598-621.

Article Files

Full Text