GaInP and GaAs being promising materials for large scale photovoltaic applications, the effect of temperature on the electrical parameters of a GaInP/GaAs tandem solar cell has been investigated in this paper. The top GaInP and the bottom GaAs tandem cells were separately simulated using the one dimensional solar simulator SCAPS-1D. The temperature dependency of the solar cell’s characteristics was investigated in the temperature range from 25 to 80°C. The simulation results show that voltage losses within the tandem cell are additive (Top cell and Bottom cell), while the short circuit current density depends smoothly on temperature, and the efficiency reduction is about (-0.038), (- 0.035) and (- 0.054 % / °C) for the bottom, top and tandem cells respectively. The matching current becomes dependent on the top cell, since this last has smaller variation compared with the bottom cell.
M. Bosi, C. Pelosi, “The Potential of III-V Semiconductors as Terrestrial Photovoltaic Devices”, Prog. Photovolt: Res. Appl, vol. 15, pp. 51-68, 2007.
P.W. Thomas, N.L. Niraj, R.C. Kylie, “Tandem Solar Cells Based on High-Efficiency c-Si Bottom Cells: Top Cell Requirements for >30% Efficiency”, IEEE Journal of Photovoltaics, vol. 4, pp. 208-214, 2014.
J.C.C. Fan, “Theoretical temperature dependence of solar cell parameters”, Solar Cells, vol. 17, pp. 309-315, 1986.
H. Helmers, M. Schachtner, Andreas W. Bett, “Influence of temperature and irradiance on Triple-junction solar subcells”, Solar Energy Materials & Solar Cells, vol. 116, pp. 144-152, 2013.
E.F. Femandez, G. Siefer, M. Schachtner, A.J. Garia, Loureiro, P. Perez Higueras, “Temperature Coefficients of Monolithic III-V Triple Junction Solar Cells under Different Spectra and Irradiance Levels”, AIP Conference Proceeding, pp.189-193, 2012.
M.Y. Feteha, G.M. Eldallal, “The effects of temperature and light concentration on the GaInP/GaAs multijunction solar cell’s performance”, Renewable Energy, vol. 28, pp.1097-1104, 2003.
W. Shockley, H.J. Queisser, “Detailed balance limit of efficiency of p-n junction solar cells”, Journal of Applied Physics. vol. 32, pp. 510-519, 1961.
R. Pode, B. Diouf, Solar Lighting, Springer-Verlag London Limited, 2011.
C.D. Thurmond, “The standard thermodynamic functions for the formation of electrons and holes in Ge, Si, GaAs and GaP”, J. Electrochem. Soc, vol. 122, pp.1133-1141, 1975.
A. Mc. Evoy, T. Markvart, L. Castaner, Practical Photovoltaics Applications, Second Edition, Elsevier Ltd, 2012. Fundamentals and P. Basmaji, M. Guittard, A. Rudra, J.F. Carlin, P. Gibart,
“GaAs tunnel junction grown by metalorganic vapor- phase epitaxy for multigap cascade Solar cells”, Journal of Applied Physics, vol. 62, pp. 2103-2106, 1987.
K.J. Singh, S.K. Sarkar, “Highly efficient ARC less InGaP/GaAs DJ solar cell numerical modeling using optimized InAlGaP BSF layers”, Springer Opt. Quant. Electron, vol. 43, pp. 1-21, 2011. http://www.ioffe.ru/SVA.
M.Y. Ghannam, A.S. Alomar, N. Posthuma, G. Flammad, J. Poorthmans, “Optimization of the triple junction In0.5Ga0.5P/ GaAs/Ge monolithic tandem cell aimed for terrestrial applications using an experimentally verified analytical model”, Kuwait Journal of Science and Engineering, vol. 31, pp. 203-234, 2004.
A.S. Gudovskikh, N.A. Kaluzhniy, V.M. Lantratov, S.A. Mintairov, M.Z. Shvarts, V.M. Andreev, “Numerical modeling of GaInP solar cells with AlInP and AlGaAs windows”, Thin Solid Films, vol. 516, pp. 6739-6743,
T. Takamoto, E. Ikeda, H. Kurita, M. Ohmori, “High efficiency InGaP solar cells for InGaP/GaAs Tandem cell application”, Proceedings of the First world conference on photovoltaic energy conversion, Hawaii, vol. 2, pp. 1729-1732, 1994.
A. Niemegeers, M. Burgelman, “Effects of the Au/CdTe back contact on IV and CV characteristics of Au/CdTe/CdS/TCO solar cells”, Journal of Applied Physics, vol. 81, Article ID 2881, 1997.
Y.A. Goldberg, Handbook Series on Semiconductor Parameters, vol. 2. World Scientific, London, 1999.
B. Streetman, S. Banerjee, Solid State Electronic Devices, vol. 2. Prentice-Hall, New Jersey, 1995.
L. Fraas, L. Partain, Solar cells and their applications, Second Edition, John Wiley & Sons, Inc, 2010.
C. John, C. Fan, “Theoretical temperature dependence of solar cell parameters”, Solar Cells, vol. 17, pp. 309-315, M. Green, “General temperature dependence of solar cell performance and implications for device modeling”, in Progress in Photovoltaics: Research and Applications, vol. 11, pp. 333-340, 2003.
M. Green, Solar Cells: operating Principles, Technology and System application, Prentice- Hall, Englewood Cliffs, NJ, 1-12, 1982, ch. 1.
J. M. Olson, D. J. Friedman, S. Kurtz, High Efficiency III-V Multijunction Solar Cells, Handbook of Photovoltaic Science and Engineering. John Wiley & Sons, 2003.
D. Friedman, “Modeling of tandem cell temperature coefficients”, Proc. 25th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference, pp. 89-92, 1996.
D.J. Friedman, S.R. Kurtz, K. Sinha, W.E.Mc Mahon, J.M. Olson, J.B. Lasich, A.X. Cleeve, I. Connaughton, “On-sun concentrator performance of GalnP/GaAs tandem cells”, Proc. 25th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference, pp. 73-75, 1996.
Year 2015,
Volume: 5 Issue: 2, 629 - 634, 01.06.2015
M. Bosi, C. Pelosi, “The Potential of III-V Semiconductors as Terrestrial Photovoltaic Devices”, Prog. Photovolt: Res. Appl, vol. 15, pp. 51-68, 2007.
P.W. Thomas, N.L. Niraj, R.C. Kylie, “Tandem Solar Cells Based on High-Efficiency c-Si Bottom Cells: Top Cell Requirements for >30% Efficiency”, IEEE Journal of Photovoltaics, vol. 4, pp. 208-214, 2014.
J.C.C. Fan, “Theoretical temperature dependence of solar cell parameters”, Solar Cells, vol. 17, pp. 309-315, 1986.
H. Helmers, M. Schachtner, Andreas W. Bett, “Influence of temperature and irradiance on Triple-junction solar subcells”, Solar Energy Materials & Solar Cells, vol. 116, pp. 144-152, 2013.
E.F. Femandez, G. Siefer, M. Schachtner, A.J. Garia, Loureiro, P. Perez Higueras, “Temperature Coefficients of Monolithic III-V Triple Junction Solar Cells under Different Spectra and Irradiance Levels”, AIP Conference Proceeding, pp.189-193, 2012.
M.Y. Feteha, G.M. Eldallal, “The effects of temperature and light concentration on the GaInP/GaAs multijunction solar cell’s performance”, Renewable Energy, vol. 28, pp.1097-1104, 2003.
W. Shockley, H.J. Queisser, “Detailed balance limit of efficiency of p-n junction solar cells”, Journal of Applied Physics. vol. 32, pp. 510-519, 1961.
R. Pode, B. Diouf, Solar Lighting, Springer-Verlag London Limited, 2011.
C.D. Thurmond, “The standard thermodynamic functions for the formation of electrons and holes in Ge, Si, GaAs and GaP”, J. Electrochem. Soc, vol. 122, pp.1133-1141, 1975.
A. Mc. Evoy, T. Markvart, L. Castaner, Practical Photovoltaics Applications, Second Edition, Elsevier Ltd, 2012. Fundamentals and P. Basmaji, M. Guittard, A. Rudra, J.F. Carlin, P. Gibart,
“GaAs tunnel junction grown by metalorganic vapor- phase epitaxy for multigap cascade Solar cells”, Journal of Applied Physics, vol. 62, pp. 2103-2106, 1987.
K.J. Singh, S.K. Sarkar, “Highly efficient ARC less InGaP/GaAs DJ solar cell numerical modeling using optimized InAlGaP BSF layers”, Springer Opt. Quant. Electron, vol. 43, pp. 1-21, 2011. http://www.ioffe.ru/SVA.
M.Y. Ghannam, A.S. Alomar, N. Posthuma, G. Flammad, J. Poorthmans, “Optimization of the triple junction In0.5Ga0.5P/ GaAs/Ge monolithic tandem cell aimed for terrestrial applications using an experimentally verified analytical model”, Kuwait Journal of Science and Engineering, vol. 31, pp. 203-234, 2004.
A.S. Gudovskikh, N.A. Kaluzhniy, V.M. Lantratov, S.A. Mintairov, M.Z. Shvarts, V.M. Andreev, “Numerical modeling of GaInP solar cells with AlInP and AlGaAs windows”, Thin Solid Films, vol. 516, pp. 6739-6743,
T. Takamoto, E. Ikeda, H. Kurita, M. Ohmori, “High efficiency InGaP solar cells for InGaP/GaAs Tandem cell application”, Proceedings of the First world conference on photovoltaic energy conversion, Hawaii, vol. 2, pp. 1729-1732, 1994.
A. Niemegeers, M. Burgelman, “Effects of the Au/CdTe back contact on IV and CV characteristics of Au/CdTe/CdS/TCO solar cells”, Journal of Applied Physics, vol. 81, Article ID 2881, 1997.
Y.A. Goldberg, Handbook Series on Semiconductor Parameters, vol. 2. World Scientific, London, 1999.
B. Streetman, S. Banerjee, Solid State Electronic Devices, vol. 2. Prentice-Hall, New Jersey, 1995.
L. Fraas, L. Partain, Solar cells and their applications, Second Edition, John Wiley & Sons, Inc, 2010.
C. John, C. Fan, “Theoretical temperature dependence of solar cell parameters”, Solar Cells, vol. 17, pp. 309-315, M. Green, “General temperature dependence of solar cell performance and implications for device modeling”, in Progress in Photovoltaics: Research and Applications, vol. 11, pp. 333-340, 2003.
M. Green, Solar Cells: operating Principles, Technology and System application, Prentice- Hall, Englewood Cliffs, NJ, 1-12, 1982, ch. 1.
J. M. Olson, D. J. Friedman, S. Kurtz, High Efficiency III-V Multijunction Solar Cells, Handbook of Photovoltaic Science and Engineering. John Wiley & Sons, 2003.
D. Friedman, “Modeling of tandem cell temperature coefficients”, Proc. 25th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference, pp. 89-92, 1996.
D.J. Friedman, S.R. Kurtz, K. Sinha, W.E.Mc Mahon, J.M. Olson, J.B. Lasich, A.X. Cleeve, I. Connaughton, “On-sun concentrator performance of GalnP/GaAs tandem cells”, Proc. 25th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference, pp. 73-75, 1996.
Mahfoud, A., Mohamed, F., Mekhilef, S., Djahli, F. (2015). Effect of Temperature on the GaInP/GaAs Tandem Solar Cell Performances. International Journal Of Renewable Energy Research, 5(2), 629-634.
AMA
Mahfoud A, Mohamed F, Mekhilef S, Djahli F. Effect of Temperature on the GaInP/GaAs Tandem Solar Cell Performances. International Journal Of Renewable Energy Research. June 2015;5(2):629-634.
Chicago
Mahfoud, Abderrezek, Fathi Mohamed, Saad Mekhilef, and Farid Djahli. “Effect of Temperature on the GaInP/GaAs Tandem Solar Cell Performances”. International Journal Of Renewable Energy Research 5, no. 2 (June 2015): 629-34.
EndNote
Mahfoud A, Mohamed F, Mekhilef S, Djahli F (June 1, 2015) Effect of Temperature on the GaInP/GaAs Tandem Solar Cell Performances. International Journal Of Renewable Energy Research 5 2 629–634.
IEEE
A. Mahfoud, F. Mohamed, S. Mekhilef, and F. Djahli, “Effect of Temperature on the GaInP/GaAs Tandem Solar Cell Performances”, International Journal Of Renewable Energy Research, vol. 5, no. 2, pp. 629–634, 2015.
ISNAD
Mahfoud, Abderrezek et al. “Effect of Temperature on the GaInP/GaAs Tandem Solar Cell Performances”. International Journal Of Renewable Energy Research 5/2 (June 2015), 629-634.
JAMA
Mahfoud A, Mohamed F, Mekhilef S, Djahli F. Effect of Temperature on the GaInP/GaAs Tandem Solar Cell Performances. International Journal Of Renewable Energy Research. 2015;5:629–634.
MLA
Mahfoud, Abderrezek et al. “Effect of Temperature on the GaInP/GaAs Tandem Solar Cell Performances”. International Journal Of Renewable Energy Research, vol. 5, no. 2, 2015, pp. 629-34.
Vancouver
Mahfoud A, Mohamed F, Mekhilef S, Djahli F. Effect of Temperature on the GaInP/GaAs Tandem Solar Cell Performances. International Journal Of Renewable Energy Research. 2015;5(2):629-34.