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Palash Seed Oil - Potential Feedstock for Biodiesel Preparation

Year 2014, Volume: 4 Issue: 3, 593 - 597, 01.09.2014

Ch Bindhu M. S.l. Karuna P.p. Chakrabati Sanjit Kanjilal Rachapudi Badari Narayana Prasad

Abstract

Palash (Butea monosperma) seed oil is a non-edible, minor oil, being produced in India. The present investigation aims at optimizing a process for the preparation of biodiesel from palash seed oil. As the oil contains high phosphorous content (557 ppm), the oil was pretreated by degumming process. The degummed oil with 4% FFA was converted into biodiesel employing acid esterification followed by alkaline transesterification. The biodiesel exhibited physico-chemical and fuel properties within the ASTM and EN specifications. Palash biodiesel was reported for the first time and found to be a potential feedstock for biodiesel preparation.

Keywords

Biodiesel; Degumming; Pretreatment; Soxhlet extraction; Acid esterification; Alkaline transesterification.

References

  • A. Okullo, A.K. Temu, P. Ogwok and J.W. Ntalikwa, “Physico-chemical properties of biodiesel from Jatropha and Castor oils”, Int.J.of Renew.Energy Res, vol.2, pp. 47-52, 2012.
  • M.A. Belewu, F.A. Adekola, G.B. Adebayo, O.M. Ameen, N.O. Muhammed, A.M. Olaniyan, O.F. Adekola, and A.K. Musa, “Physico-chemical properties of oil and biodiesel from Nigerian and Indian Jatropha Curcas seeds”, Int. J. Biol. Chem, vol 4, pp. 524-529, 2010.
  • G.B. Adebayo, O.M. Ameen and L.T. Abass, “Physico- chemical properties of biodiesel produced from jatropha curcas oil and fossil diesel”, J. Microbiol. Biotech. Res, vol. 1, pp. 12-16, 2011
  • E. Akbar, Z. Yaakob, S.K. Kamarudin, M. Ismail and J. Salimon, “Characteristic and composition of Jatropha curcas oil seed from Malaysia and its potential as biodiesel feedstock”, Eur.J.of Scientific Res, vol. 29, pp. 396-403, 2009.
  • S.A. Raja, D.S. Robinson smart, and C.L. Robert Lee, “Biodiesel production from jatropha oil and its characterization”, Res.J.of Chem.Sci, vol.1, pp. 81-87, 2011.
  • G.E. Diwani, N.K Attia, and S. I. Hawash, “Development and evaluation of biodiesel fuel and by- products from jatropha oil”, Int. J. Environ. Sci. Techol, vol. 6, pp. 219-224, 2009.
  • S.N. Bobade, and V.B. Khyade, “Detailed study on the properties of pongamia pinnata (Karanja) for the production of biofuel”, Res.J.of Chem.Sciences, vol. 2, pp. 16-20, 2012.
  • S.R. Sayyed, S.D. Joshi, and H.M. Dharmadhikari, “Effect of individual Physico-chemical properties of karanja oil methyl ester (KOME) & its statistical correlation with gross calorific value”, Int. J. of Research in Engineering and Technol, vol. 2, pp. 125- 131, 2013.
  • P.K. Sahoo, and L.M. Das, “Combustion analysis of jatropha, karanja and polanga based biodiesel as fuel in a diesel engine”, Fuel, vol. 88, pp. 994-999, 2009.
  • L.C. Meher, S.N. Naik, and L.M. Das, “Methanolysis of Pongamia pinnata (karanja) oil for production of biodiesel”, J.of Scientific & Industrial Research, vol. 63, pp. 913-918, 2004.
  • S.H. Sonawane, S.H. Gharat, J. Dixit, K. Patil, and V.S. Mane, “Biodiesel synthesis from karanja oil using transesterification reaction”, Asian J. of Chemistry, vol. 20, pp. 857-862, 2008.
  • K. Sivaramakrishnan, and P. Ravikumar, “Performance optimization of karanja biodiesel engine using taguchi approach and multiple regressions”, ARPN J. of Engineering and Applied Sciences”, vol. 7, pp. 507-516, 2012.
  • H. Raheman, and A.G. Phadatare, “Diesel engine emissions and performance from blends of karanja methyl ester and diesel”, Biomass and Bioenergy, vol. 27, pp. 393-397, 2004.
  • P. Sreenivas, M.V. Ramesh, and K. Chandra sekhar, “Development of biodiesel from castor oil”. Int. J. Energy Sci, vol. 1, pp. 192-197, 2011.
  • T. Satya, and A. Manivannan, “Biodiesel production from neem oil using two step transesterification”. Int.J.of Engineering Research and Applications, vol. 3, pp. 488-492, 2013.
  • A.S. Ramadhas, S. Jayaraj, and C. Muraleedharan, “Biodiesel production from high FFA rubber seed oil”, Fuel, vol. 84, pp. 335-340, 2005.
  • CH. Bindhu, J.R.C. Reddy, B.V.S.K. Rao, T. Ravinder, P.P. Chakrabarti, M. S.L. Karuna, and R.B.N. Prasad, “Preparation and evaluation of biodiesel from Sterculia foetida seed oil”, J Am Oil Chem Soc, vol. 89, pp. 891- 896, 2012.
  • A.E. Atabani, A.S. Silitonga, Irfan Anjun Badruddin, T.M.I. Mahlia, H.H. Masjuki and S. Mekhilef, “Comprehensive review on biodiesel as an alternative energy resource and its alternatives”, Renewable and sustainable energy reviews, vol. 16, pp. 2070-2093, 2012.
  • B. Sanjay, “Non-Conventional Seed Oils as Potential Feedstocks for Future Biodiesel Industries: A Brief Review” vol. 3, pp. 99-103, 2013
  • F. Rana, and M. Avijit, “Review on Butea monosperma”, Int.J.of Research in Pharmacy and Chemistry, vol. 2, pp. 1035-1039, 2012.
  • A.U. Khan, “Evaluating the last remnants of Butea monosperma (Lam). Kuntze Forest for their in situ conservation: A case study”, Environ. Monit. Assess, Vol. 170, pp. 171-84, 2010.
  • G.M. Shah, M.A. Khan, M. Ahmad, M. Zafar, and AA. Khan, “Observations on antifertility and abortifacient berbal drugs”, African J. Biotechnol, vol. 8, pp. 1959-64, 2009.
  • W.R. Surin and K. Ananthaswamy, “Recent advances on the pharmacological profile of Butea monosperma”, GERF Bulletin of Biosciences, vol. 2, pp. 33-40, 2011.
  • A.K. Sharma, N. Deshwal, “An overview: On phytochemical and pharmacological studies of Butea monosperma”, Int.J.of PharmTech Research, vol. 3, pp. 864-871, 2011.
  • A. Madhavi, “An overview of butea monosperma (Flame of Forest)”, World J.of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, vol. 3, pp. 307-319, 2013.
  • AOCS, Ca 5a-40, Free fatty acids. In: Official methods and recommended practices of the AOCS, 5th ed., Champaign, Illinois, USA, 2003.
  • AOCS, Cd 1-25, Iodine value of fats and oils. In: Official methods and recommended practices of the AOCS, 5th ed., Champaign, Illinois, USA, 2003.
  • AOCS, Cd 3-25, Saponification value. In: Official methods and recommended practices of the AOCS, 5th ed, Champaign, Illinois, USA, 2003.
  • AOCS, Ja 6a-40, Unsaponifiable matter. In: Official methods and recommended practices of the AOCS, 5th ed., Champaign, Illinois, USA, 2003.
  • C. Paquot, and A. Hautfenne, Method 2.421, Standard methods for the analysis of oils, fats and derivatives of the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry, 7th ed., Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford, 1987.
  • ASTM Method D 4052-11, Standard test method for density, relative density and API gravity of liquids by digital density meter. ASTM International, 2011.
  • ASTM Method D 445-12, Standard test method for kinematic viscosity of petroleum products, ASTM International, 2012.
  • ASTM Method D 240-09, Standard test method for heat of combustion of liquid hydrocarbon fuels by bomb Calorimeter, ASTM International, 2009.
  • R.B.N. Prasad, Y. Nagender Rao, S. Venkob Rao, “Phospholipids of palash (Butea monosperma), papaya (Carica papaya), Jangli badam (Sterculia foetida), coriander (Coriandrum sativum) and carrot (Daucus carota) seeds”, J. Amer. Oil Chemists’ Society, vol. 64, 1424-1427
  • N.V. Bringi, Lesser known tree-borne oil seeds, In: Non- traditional oil seeds and oils of India, pp. 218-220, 1987
  • DIN EN 14103-11, Gas chromatographic method for the determination of fatty acid methyl ester content of biodiesel, European standard for biodiesel. Available from: http://www. din.de, 2011.
  • ASTM Method D 93-12, Standard test method for flash point of petroleum products, ASTM International, 2012.
  • ASTM Method D 4530-11, Standard test method for determination of carbon residue (Micro Method), ASTM International, 2011.
  • DIN EN 14538-11, Determination of Ca, K, Mg and Na content by optical emission spectral analysis with inductively coupled plasma (ICP OES). European standard for biodiesel, Available from: http://www. din.de,2011.
  • DIN EN 14112-11, Determination of oxidation stability of biodiesel, European standard for biodiesel, Available from: http://www. din.de, 2011.
  • ASTM Method D 130 -12, Standard test method for corrosiveness to copper from petroleum products by copper strip test, ASTM International, 2012.
  • J. Pullen and K. Saeed, “An overview of biodiesel oxidation stability”, Renew. and Sustainable Energy Reviews, vol. 16, pp. 5924-5950, 2012.

Year 2014, Volume: 4 Issue: 3, 593 - 597, 01.09.2014

Ch Bindhu M. S.l. Karuna P.p. Chakrabati Sanjit Kanjilal Rachapudi Badari Narayana Prasad

Abstract

References

  • A. Okullo, A.K. Temu, P. Ogwok and J.W. Ntalikwa, “Physico-chemical properties of biodiesel from Jatropha and Castor oils”, Int.J.of Renew.Energy Res, vol.2, pp. 47-52, 2012.
  • M.A. Belewu, F.A. Adekola, G.B. Adebayo, O.M. Ameen, N.O. Muhammed, A.M. Olaniyan, O.F. Adekola, and A.K. Musa, “Physico-chemical properties of oil and biodiesel from Nigerian and Indian Jatropha Curcas seeds”, Int. J. Biol. Chem, vol 4, pp. 524-529, 2010.
  • G.B. Adebayo, O.M. Ameen and L.T. Abass, “Physico- chemical properties of biodiesel produced from jatropha curcas oil and fossil diesel”, J. Microbiol. Biotech. Res, vol. 1, pp. 12-16, 2011
  • E. Akbar, Z. Yaakob, S.K. Kamarudin, M. Ismail and J. Salimon, “Characteristic and composition of Jatropha curcas oil seed from Malaysia and its potential as biodiesel feedstock”, Eur.J.of Scientific Res, vol. 29, pp. 396-403, 2009.
  • S.A. Raja, D.S. Robinson smart, and C.L. Robert Lee, “Biodiesel production from jatropha oil and its characterization”, Res.J.of Chem.Sci, vol.1, pp. 81-87, 2011.
  • G.E. Diwani, N.K Attia, and S. I. Hawash, “Development and evaluation of biodiesel fuel and by- products from jatropha oil”, Int. J. Environ. Sci. Techol, vol. 6, pp. 219-224, 2009.
  • S.N. Bobade, and V.B. Khyade, “Detailed study on the properties of pongamia pinnata (Karanja) for the production of biofuel”, Res.J.of Chem.Sciences, vol. 2, pp. 16-20, 2012.
  • S.R. Sayyed, S.D. Joshi, and H.M. Dharmadhikari, “Effect of individual Physico-chemical properties of karanja oil methyl ester (KOME) & its statistical correlation with gross calorific value”, Int. J. of Research in Engineering and Technol, vol. 2, pp. 125- 131, 2013.
  • P.K. Sahoo, and L.M. Das, “Combustion analysis of jatropha, karanja and polanga based biodiesel as fuel in a diesel engine”, Fuel, vol. 88, pp. 994-999, 2009.
  • L.C. Meher, S.N. Naik, and L.M. Das, “Methanolysis of Pongamia pinnata (karanja) oil for production of biodiesel”, J.of Scientific & Industrial Research, vol. 63, pp. 913-918, 2004.
  • S.H. Sonawane, S.H. Gharat, J. Dixit, K. Patil, and V.S. Mane, “Biodiesel synthesis from karanja oil using transesterification reaction”, Asian J. of Chemistry, vol. 20, pp. 857-862, 2008.
  • K. Sivaramakrishnan, and P. Ravikumar, “Performance optimization of karanja biodiesel engine using taguchi approach and multiple regressions”, ARPN J. of Engineering and Applied Sciences”, vol. 7, pp. 507-516, 2012.
  • H. Raheman, and A.G. Phadatare, “Diesel engine emissions and performance from blends of karanja methyl ester and diesel”, Biomass and Bioenergy, vol. 27, pp. 393-397, 2004.
  • P. Sreenivas, M.V. Ramesh, and K. Chandra sekhar, “Development of biodiesel from castor oil”. Int. J. Energy Sci, vol. 1, pp. 192-197, 2011.
  • T. Satya, and A. Manivannan, “Biodiesel production from neem oil using two step transesterification”. Int.J.of Engineering Research and Applications, vol. 3, pp. 488-492, 2013.
  • A.S. Ramadhas, S. Jayaraj, and C. Muraleedharan, “Biodiesel production from high FFA rubber seed oil”, Fuel, vol. 84, pp. 335-340, 2005.
  • CH. Bindhu, J.R.C. Reddy, B.V.S.K. Rao, T. Ravinder, P.P. Chakrabarti, M. S.L. Karuna, and R.B.N. Prasad, “Preparation and evaluation of biodiesel from Sterculia foetida seed oil”, J Am Oil Chem Soc, vol. 89, pp. 891- 896, 2012.
  • A.E. Atabani, A.S. Silitonga, Irfan Anjun Badruddin, T.M.I. Mahlia, H.H. Masjuki and S. Mekhilef, “Comprehensive review on biodiesel as an alternative energy resource and its alternatives”, Renewable and sustainable energy reviews, vol. 16, pp. 2070-2093, 2012.
  • B. Sanjay, “Non-Conventional Seed Oils as Potential Feedstocks for Future Biodiesel Industries: A Brief Review” vol. 3, pp. 99-103, 2013
  • F. Rana, and M. Avijit, “Review on Butea monosperma”, Int.J.of Research in Pharmacy and Chemistry, vol. 2, pp. 1035-1039, 2012.
  • A.U. Khan, “Evaluating the last remnants of Butea monosperma (Lam). Kuntze Forest for their in situ conservation: A case study”, Environ. Monit. Assess, Vol. 170, pp. 171-84, 2010.
  • G.M. Shah, M.A. Khan, M. Ahmad, M. Zafar, and AA. Khan, “Observations on antifertility and abortifacient berbal drugs”, African J. Biotechnol, vol. 8, pp. 1959-64, 2009.
  • W.R. Surin and K. Ananthaswamy, “Recent advances on the pharmacological profile of Butea monosperma”, GERF Bulletin of Biosciences, vol. 2, pp. 33-40, 2011.
  • A.K. Sharma, N. Deshwal, “An overview: On phytochemical and pharmacological studies of Butea monosperma”, Int.J.of PharmTech Research, vol. 3, pp. 864-871, 2011.
  • A. Madhavi, “An overview of butea monosperma (Flame of Forest)”, World J.of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, vol. 3, pp. 307-319, 2013.
  • AOCS, Ca 5a-40, Free fatty acids. In: Official methods and recommended practices of the AOCS, 5th ed., Champaign, Illinois, USA, 2003.
  • AOCS, Cd 1-25, Iodine value of fats and oils. In: Official methods and recommended practices of the AOCS, 5th ed., Champaign, Illinois, USA, 2003.
  • AOCS, Cd 3-25, Saponification value. In: Official methods and recommended practices of the AOCS, 5th ed, Champaign, Illinois, USA, 2003.
  • AOCS, Ja 6a-40, Unsaponifiable matter. In: Official methods and recommended practices of the AOCS, 5th ed., Champaign, Illinois, USA, 2003.
  • C. Paquot, and A. Hautfenne, Method 2.421, Standard methods for the analysis of oils, fats and derivatives of the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry, 7th ed., Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford, 1987.
  • ASTM Method D 4052-11, Standard test method for density, relative density and API gravity of liquids by digital density meter. ASTM International, 2011.
  • ASTM Method D 445-12, Standard test method for kinematic viscosity of petroleum products, ASTM International, 2012.
  • ASTM Method D 240-09, Standard test method for heat of combustion of liquid hydrocarbon fuels by bomb Calorimeter, ASTM International, 2009.
  • R.B.N. Prasad, Y. Nagender Rao, S. Venkob Rao, “Phospholipids of palash (Butea monosperma), papaya (Carica papaya), Jangli badam (Sterculia foetida), coriander (Coriandrum sativum) and carrot (Daucus carota) seeds”, J. Amer. Oil Chemists’ Society, vol. 64, 1424-1427
  • N.V. Bringi, Lesser known tree-borne oil seeds, In: Non- traditional oil seeds and oils of India, pp. 218-220, 1987
  • DIN EN 14103-11, Gas chromatographic method for the determination of fatty acid methyl ester content of biodiesel, European standard for biodiesel. Available from: http://www. din.de, 2011.
  • ASTM Method D 93-12, Standard test method for flash point of petroleum products, ASTM International, 2012.
  • ASTM Method D 4530-11, Standard test method for determination of carbon residue (Micro Method), ASTM International, 2011.
  • DIN EN 14538-11, Determination of Ca, K, Mg and Na content by optical emission spectral analysis with inductively coupled plasma (ICP OES). European standard for biodiesel, Available from: http://www. din.de,2011.
  • DIN EN 14112-11, Determination of oxidation stability of biodiesel, European standard for biodiesel, Available from: http://www. din.de, 2011.
  • ASTM Method D 130 -12, Standard test method for corrosiveness to copper from petroleum products by copper strip test, ASTM International, 2012.
  • J. Pullen and K. Saeed, “An overview of biodiesel oxidation stability”, Renew. and Sustainable Energy Reviews, vol. 16, pp. 5924-5950, 2012.
There are 42 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Ch Bindhu This is me

M. S.l. Karuna This is me

P.p. Chakrabati This is me

Sanjit Kanjilal This is me

Rachapudi Badari Narayana Prasad This is me

Publication Date September 1, 2014
Published in Issue Year 2014 Volume: 4 Issue: 3

Cite

APA Bindhu, C., Karuna, M. S., Chakrabati, P., Kanjilal, S., et al. (2014). Palash Seed Oil - Potential Feedstock for Biodiesel Preparation. International Journal Of Renewable Energy Research, 4(3), 593-597.
AMA Bindhu C, Karuna MS, Chakrabati P, Kanjilal S, Prasad RBN. Palash Seed Oil - Potential Feedstock for Biodiesel Preparation. International Journal Of Renewable Energy Research. September 2014;4(3):593-597.
Chicago Bindhu, Ch, M. S.l. Karuna, P.p. Chakrabati, Sanjit Kanjilal, and Rachapudi Badari Narayana Prasad. “Palash Seed Oil - Potential Feedstock for Biodiesel Preparation”. International Journal Of Renewable Energy Research 4, no. 3 (September 2014): 593-97.
EndNote Bindhu C, Karuna MS, Chakrabati P, Kanjilal S, Prasad RBN (September 1, 2014) Palash Seed Oil - Potential Feedstock for Biodiesel Preparation. International Journal Of Renewable Energy Research 4 3 593–597.
IEEE C. Bindhu, M. S. Karuna, P. Chakrabati, S. Kanjilal, and R. B. N. Prasad, “Palash Seed Oil - Potential Feedstock for Biodiesel Preparation”, International Journal Of Renewable Energy Research, vol. 4, no. 3, pp. 593–597, 2014.
ISNAD Bindhu, Ch et al. “Palash Seed Oil - Potential Feedstock for Biodiesel Preparation”. International Journal Of Renewable Energy Research 4/3 (September 2014), 593-597.
JAMA Bindhu C, Karuna MS, Chakrabati P, Kanjilal S, Prasad RBN. Palash Seed Oil - Potential Feedstock for Biodiesel Preparation. International Journal Of Renewable Energy Research. 2014;4:593–597.
MLA Bindhu, Ch et al. “Palash Seed Oil - Potential Feedstock for Biodiesel Preparation”. International Journal Of Renewable Energy Research, vol. 4, no. 3, 2014, pp. 593-7.
Vancouver Bindhu C, Karuna MS, Chakrabati P, Kanjilal S, Prasad RBN. Palash Seed Oil - Potential Feedstock for Biodiesel Preparation. International Journal Of Renewable Energy Research. 2014;4(3):593-7.