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Algae Oil as Future Energy Source in Indian Perspective

Year 2013, Volume: 3 Issue: 4, 913 - 921, 01.12.2013

Abstract

In view of increasing energy demand, climate change, increasing price of petroleum and most importantly the fossil fuel resources will be diminished rapidly. The transport fuels are needed to replace by bio fuel from renewable sources. Slow growth rate, low biomass, low productivity and requirement for agriculture land for cultivation restricts to use edible, non edible, waste cooking as bio fuel. The Microalgae appear to be the only source of renewable bio fuel that is capable of meet the global energy demands. Microalgae use sun light and CO2 for their growth. Oil productivity of many microalgae greatly exceeds the oil productivity of the other crops. This paper provides the best culture method, best harvesting method and optimum oil extraction method. The finding of this paper shows the present status of work done by various agencies and institutes in the area of algal oil development in India

References

  • Teri Energy Data Directory and Yearbook (TEDDY) Published: 2011
  • P.S.Rao, K.V. Gopalakrishnan, Vegetable oils and their methylesters as fuels for diesel engine, Indian J Technol, (1991) 292-297. B.Freedman, R.O.Butterfield,
  • Transesteriication kinetics of soybean oil, J Am Oil Chem Soc, 63(1986) 375-1380. E.H.Pyrde,
  • H.Noureddini, D.Zhu, Kinetics of Transesterification of soybean oil, J Am Oil Chem Soc, 74 (1997)1457-1463. www.ijmer.com/papers/Vol2_Issue5/ET2538573860.pdf ý assessed on 15/06/2013
  • S.Saka, K.Dadan, Biodiesel fuel from rapeseed oil as prepared in supercritical methanol, Fuel, 80(2001) 225
  • G. Dwivedi, S. Jain, M.P.Sharma, Impact Analysis of Biodiesel Renewable and Sustainable Energy Review 15 (2011) 4641 Performance- A Review, books.google.co.in/books?isbn=0387278435
  • B.K.Barnwal, M.P.Sharma, Prospects of biodiesel production from vegetable oils in India, Renewable and Sustainable energy Reviews, 9 (2005)363-378.
  • B.Freedman, E.H.Pyrde, T.L.Mounts, (1984) Variable affecting the yields of fatty esters from transesterifies vegetable oils, J Am Oil Chem Soc, 61(1984) 1638-1643. J.M.Encinar, J.F.Gonzalez, E.Sabio et al,
  • Transesterification of rapeseed oil with Methanol in the presence of Various co-solvents, Ind Eng Chem Res. (1999) 2927-2944.
  • Y.Chisti, Biodiesel from microalgae, Biotechnology Advances, 25(2007) 294-306.
  • S.Rajvanshi, M.P.Sharma, Microalgae: A Potential Source of Biodiesel, Sustainable Bioenergy Systems, (2012) 49-59.
  • L.Brennan, P.Owende, Biofuels from microalgae-A review of technologies for production, processing and extraction of bio fuels and co-product, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 14(2010) 557-577.
  • F.Alam, A.Datea, R.Rasjidin, Biofuel from algae- Is it a viable alternative, Procedia Engineering, 49(2012) 221-227.
  • R.Rengasamy, Demonstration and Extension of Culture and Cultivation of Alginophytes, Sargassum polycystem C. Agardh and S. wightii, Department of Science, 2008 www.rcuk.ac.uk/documents/india/Algae-India.pdf www.scirp.org/journal/PaperInformation.aspx?PaperID=
  • C.Dayananda, R.Sarada, S.Bhattacharya et al, Effect of Media and Culture Conditions on Growth and Hydrocarbon Production by Botryococcus braunii, Process Biochemistry, (2005) 3125-3131.
  • C.Dayananda, R.Sarada, P.Srinivas et al, Presence of Methyl Branched Fatty Acids and Saturated Hydrocarbons in Botryococcene Producing Strain of Botryococcus braunii, Acta Physiologiae Plantarum, 28(2006) 251-256.
  • U.Tripathi, R.Sarada, G.A.Ravishankar, A Culture Method for Micro Algal Forms Using Two-Tier Vessel Providing Carbon-Dioxide Environment: Studies on Growth and Carotenoids Production, Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology, 17(2001)325-329. www.jalgalbiomass.com/paper2vol3no4.pdfý www.kiachennai.com
  • Phycoremediation of Effluent from a Leather Processing Chemical Industry JABU, 1(2010) 42-50. et al,
  • S.Chinnasamy, B.Ramakrishnan, A.Bhatnagar et al, Biomass Production Potential of a Wastewater Alga Chlorella vulgaris ARC 1 under Elevated Levels of CO2 and Temperature, International Journal of Molecular Sciences, (2009) 518-532.
  • T.V.Ramachandra, M.M.Durga, B.Karthick, Milking Diatoms for Sustainable Energy: Biochemical Engineering versus Gasoline-Secreting Diatom Solar Panels, Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research, 48(2009) 8769-8788.
  • R.Rengasamy, Potential of Seaweed and Seagrass for biogas Production, Aguagri New Delhi, (2008-09).
  • V.Sivasubramanian, Algae and algal biotechnology for bioenergy, VIT Chennai. Application of Pulsed Magnetic Field in improving the quality of algal biomass, J. Algal Biomass Utln, 1(2010)1 - V.V.Subramanian, L.Priya,
  • S.Amin, Review on bio fuel oil and gas production processes from microalgae, Energy Conversion and Management, 50(2009) 1834-1840.
  • R.Putt, M.Singh, S.Chinnasamy, An efficient system for carbonation of high-rate algae pond water to enhance CO2 mass transfer, Bioresource Technology, 102(2011) 3240
  • B.Zhang, Y.Geng, Z.Li, Production of astaxanthin from Haematococcus in open pond by two-stage growth one-step process, Aquaculture, 295(2009) 275-281.
  • J.Doucha, K.Livansky, Productivity CO2/O2 exchange and hydraulics in outdoor open high density microalgal (Chlorella sp.) photobioreactors operated in a Middle and Southern European climate, Applied Phycol, 18(2006) 811
  • E.Suali, R.Sarbatly, Conversion of microalgae to bio fuels, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 16(2012) 4342.
  • S.Y.Chiu, C.Y.Kao, C.H.Chen, Reduction of CO2 by a high-density culture of Chlorella sp. in a semicontinuous photobioreactor, Bioresource Technology, 99(2008) 3389
  • A.K.Bajhaiya, S.K.Mandotra, M.R.Suseela, Algal biodiesel The next generation biofuel for India, Asian J. Exp. Biol. Sci, 4(2010) 728- 739.
  • F.G.Camacho, E.M.Grima, Y.Chisti Y, Comparative evaluation of compact photo bioreactors for large-scale monoculture of microalgae, Journal of Biotechnology, (1999) 249-270. books.google.co.in/books?isbn=9400754795
  • M.R.Tredici, P.Carlozzi, G.C.Zittelli, A Vertical Alveolar Panel (VAP) for Outdoor Mass Cultivation of Microalgae and Cyanobacteria, Bioresource Technology, (1991) 153-159.
  • W.R.Barclay, K.M.Meager, J.R.Abril, Heterotrophic production of long chain omega-3 fatty acids utilizing algae and algae-like microorganisms, Journal of Applied Phycology, 6(1994) 123-129.
  • M.C.Garcia, J.M.Sevilla, F.G.Fernandez, Mixotrophic growth of Phaeodactylum tricornutum on glycerol growth rate and fatty acid profile, Journal of Applied Phycology (2000) 239-248.
  • M.A.Borowitzka, Algal biotechnology products and processes matching science and economics, Journal of Applied Phycology, 4(1992) 267-279.
  • O.Abayomi, Microalgae technology and processes for bio fuel bio energy production in British Colombia. Seed science ltd (2009).
  • K.Kumar, C.N.Dasgupta, B.Nayak, Development of suitable photobioreactors for CO2 sequestration addressing global warming using green algae and Cyanobacteria, Bioresource technology, 102(2011) 4945-4953.
  • I.Rawat, R.K.Kumar, T.Mutanda, Biodiesel from microalgae: A critical evaluation from laboratory to large scale production, Applied Energy, 103(2013) 444-467.
  • T.M.Mata, A.A.Martins, N.S.Caetano, Microalgae for biodiesel production and other applications: A review, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 14(2010) 217
  • J.A.Galloway, K.J.Koester, B.J.Paasch, Effect of sample size on solvent extraction for detecting continuity in polymer blends, Polymer, 45(2004) 423-428. M.D.Macıassanchez,
  • Supercritical fluid extraction of carotenoids and chlorophyll a from Nannochloropsis gaditana, Journal of Food Engineering, 66(2005) 245-251. M.Rodrıguez,
  • R.Halim, M.K.Danquah, P.A.Webley, Extraction of oil from review,Biotechnology Advances, 30(2012) 709-732. biodiesel production: A
  • P.Mercer, R.E.Armenta, Developments in oil extraction from microalgae, Eur. J. Lipid Sci. Technol, 8(2011) 539
  • G. Dwivedi, S. Jain, M.P, Sharma, Pongamia as a Source of Biodiesel in India Smart Grid and Renewable Energy, 2 (2011) 184-189
Year 2013, Volume: 3 Issue: 4, 913 - 921, 01.12.2013

Abstract

References

  • Teri Energy Data Directory and Yearbook (TEDDY) Published: 2011
  • P.S.Rao, K.V. Gopalakrishnan, Vegetable oils and their methylesters as fuels for diesel engine, Indian J Technol, (1991) 292-297. B.Freedman, R.O.Butterfield,
  • Transesteriication kinetics of soybean oil, J Am Oil Chem Soc, 63(1986) 375-1380. E.H.Pyrde,
  • H.Noureddini, D.Zhu, Kinetics of Transesterification of soybean oil, J Am Oil Chem Soc, 74 (1997)1457-1463. www.ijmer.com/papers/Vol2_Issue5/ET2538573860.pdf ý assessed on 15/06/2013
  • S.Saka, K.Dadan, Biodiesel fuel from rapeseed oil as prepared in supercritical methanol, Fuel, 80(2001) 225
  • G. Dwivedi, S. Jain, M.P.Sharma, Impact Analysis of Biodiesel Renewable and Sustainable Energy Review 15 (2011) 4641 Performance- A Review, books.google.co.in/books?isbn=0387278435
  • B.K.Barnwal, M.P.Sharma, Prospects of biodiesel production from vegetable oils in India, Renewable and Sustainable energy Reviews, 9 (2005)363-378.
  • B.Freedman, E.H.Pyrde, T.L.Mounts, (1984) Variable affecting the yields of fatty esters from transesterifies vegetable oils, J Am Oil Chem Soc, 61(1984) 1638-1643. J.M.Encinar, J.F.Gonzalez, E.Sabio et al,
  • Transesterification of rapeseed oil with Methanol in the presence of Various co-solvents, Ind Eng Chem Res. (1999) 2927-2944.
  • Y.Chisti, Biodiesel from microalgae, Biotechnology Advances, 25(2007) 294-306.
  • S.Rajvanshi, M.P.Sharma, Microalgae: A Potential Source of Biodiesel, Sustainable Bioenergy Systems, (2012) 49-59.
  • L.Brennan, P.Owende, Biofuels from microalgae-A review of technologies for production, processing and extraction of bio fuels and co-product, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 14(2010) 557-577.
  • F.Alam, A.Datea, R.Rasjidin, Biofuel from algae- Is it a viable alternative, Procedia Engineering, 49(2012) 221-227.
  • R.Rengasamy, Demonstration and Extension of Culture and Cultivation of Alginophytes, Sargassum polycystem C. Agardh and S. wightii, Department of Science, 2008 www.rcuk.ac.uk/documents/india/Algae-India.pdf www.scirp.org/journal/PaperInformation.aspx?PaperID=
  • C.Dayananda, R.Sarada, S.Bhattacharya et al, Effect of Media and Culture Conditions on Growth and Hydrocarbon Production by Botryococcus braunii, Process Biochemistry, (2005) 3125-3131.
  • C.Dayananda, R.Sarada, P.Srinivas et al, Presence of Methyl Branched Fatty Acids and Saturated Hydrocarbons in Botryococcene Producing Strain of Botryococcus braunii, Acta Physiologiae Plantarum, 28(2006) 251-256.
  • U.Tripathi, R.Sarada, G.A.Ravishankar, A Culture Method for Micro Algal Forms Using Two-Tier Vessel Providing Carbon-Dioxide Environment: Studies on Growth and Carotenoids Production, Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology, 17(2001)325-329. www.jalgalbiomass.com/paper2vol3no4.pdfý www.kiachennai.com
  • Phycoremediation of Effluent from a Leather Processing Chemical Industry JABU, 1(2010) 42-50. et al,
  • S.Chinnasamy, B.Ramakrishnan, A.Bhatnagar et al, Biomass Production Potential of a Wastewater Alga Chlorella vulgaris ARC 1 under Elevated Levels of CO2 and Temperature, International Journal of Molecular Sciences, (2009) 518-532.
  • T.V.Ramachandra, M.M.Durga, B.Karthick, Milking Diatoms for Sustainable Energy: Biochemical Engineering versus Gasoline-Secreting Diatom Solar Panels, Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research, 48(2009) 8769-8788.
  • R.Rengasamy, Potential of Seaweed and Seagrass for biogas Production, Aguagri New Delhi, (2008-09).
  • V.Sivasubramanian, Algae and algal biotechnology for bioenergy, VIT Chennai. Application of Pulsed Magnetic Field in improving the quality of algal biomass, J. Algal Biomass Utln, 1(2010)1 - V.V.Subramanian, L.Priya,
  • S.Amin, Review on bio fuel oil and gas production processes from microalgae, Energy Conversion and Management, 50(2009) 1834-1840.
  • R.Putt, M.Singh, S.Chinnasamy, An efficient system for carbonation of high-rate algae pond water to enhance CO2 mass transfer, Bioresource Technology, 102(2011) 3240
  • B.Zhang, Y.Geng, Z.Li, Production of astaxanthin from Haematococcus in open pond by two-stage growth one-step process, Aquaculture, 295(2009) 275-281.
  • J.Doucha, K.Livansky, Productivity CO2/O2 exchange and hydraulics in outdoor open high density microalgal (Chlorella sp.) photobioreactors operated in a Middle and Southern European climate, Applied Phycol, 18(2006) 811
  • E.Suali, R.Sarbatly, Conversion of microalgae to bio fuels, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 16(2012) 4342.
  • S.Y.Chiu, C.Y.Kao, C.H.Chen, Reduction of CO2 by a high-density culture of Chlorella sp. in a semicontinuous photobioreactor, Bioresource Technology, 99(2008) 3389
  • A.K.Bajhaiya, S.K.Mandotra, M.R.Suseela, Algal biodiesel The next generation biofuel for India, Asian J. Exp. Biol. Sci, 4(2010) 728- 739.
  • F.G.Camacho, E.M.Grima, Y.Chisti Y, Comparative evaluation of compact photo bioreactors for large-scale monoculture of microalgae, Journal of Biotechnology, (1999) 249-270. books.google.co.in/books?isbn=9400754795
  • M.R.Tredici, P.Carlozzi, G.C.Zittelli, A Vertical Alveolar Panel (VAP) for Outdoor Mass Cultivation of Microalgae and Cyanobacteria, Bioresource Technology, (1991) 153-159.
  • W.R.Barclay, K.M.Meager, J.R.Abril, Heterotrophic production of long chain omega-3 fatty acids utilizing algae and algae-like microorganisms, Journal of Applied Phycology, 6(1994) 123-129.
  • M.C.Garcia, J.M.Sevilla, F.G.Fernandez, Mixotrophic growth of Phaeodactylum tricornutum on glycerol growth rate and fatty acid profile, Journal of Applied Phycology (2000) 239-248.
  • M.A.Borowitzka, Algal biotechnology products and processes matching science and economics, Journal of Applied Phycology, 4(1992) 267-279.
  • O.Abayomi, Microalgae technology and processes for bio fuel bio energy production in British Colombia. Seed science ltd (2009).
  • K.Kumar, C.N.Dasgupta, B.Nayak, Development of suitable photobioreactors for CO2 sequestration addressing global warming using green algae and Cyanobacteria, Bioresource technology, 102(2011) 4945-4953.
  • I.Rawat, R.K.Kumar, T.Mutanda, Biodiesel from microalgae: A critical evaluation from laboratory to large scale production, Applied Energy, 103(2013) 444-467.
  • T.M.Mata, A.A.Martins, N.S.Caetano, Microalgae for biodiesel production and other applications: A review, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 14(2010) 217
  • J.A.Galloway, K.J.Koester, B.J.Paasch, Effect of sample size on solvent extraction for detecting continuity in polymer blends, Polymer, 45(2004) 423-428. M.D.Macıassanchez,
  • Supercritical fluid extraction of carotenoids and chlorophyll a from Nannochloropsis gaditana, Journal of Food Engineering, 66(2005) 245-251. M.Rodrıguez,
  • R.Halim, M.K.Danquah, P.A.Webley, Extraction of oil from review,Biotechnology Advances, 30(2012) 709-732. biodiesel production: A
  • P.Mercer, R.E.Armenta, Developments in oil extraction from microalgae, Eur. J. Lipid Sci. Technol, 8(2011) 539
  • G. Dwivedi, S. Jain, M.P, Sharma, Pongamia as a Source of Biodiesel in India Smart Grid and Renewable Energy, 2 (2011) 184-189
There are 43 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Mukesh Kumar This is me

M P Sharma This is me

Gaurav Dwivedi This is me

Publication Date December 1, 2013
Published in Issue Year 2013 Volume: 3 Issue: 4

Cite

APA Kumar, M., Sharma, M. P., & Dwivedi, G. (2013). Algae Oil as Future Energy Source in Indian Perspective. International Journal Of Renewable Energy Research, 3(4), 913-921.
AMA Kumar M, Sharma MP, Dwivedi G. Algae Oil as Future Energy Source in Indian Perspective. International Journal Of Renewable Energy Research. December 2013;3(4):913-921.
Chicago Kumar, Mukesh, M P Sharma, and Gaurav Dwivedi. “Algae Oil As Future Energy Source in Indian Perspective”. International Journal Of Renewable Energy Research 3, no. 4 (December 2013): 913-21.
EndNote Kumar M, Sharma MP, Dwivedi G (December 1, 2013) Algae Oil as Future Energy Source in Indian Perspective. International Journal Of Renewable Energy Research 3 4 913–921.
IEEE M. Kumar, M. P. Sharma, and G. Dwivedi, “Algae Oil as Future Energy Source in Indian Perspective”, International Journal Of Renewable Energy Research, vol. 3, no. 4, pp. 913–921, 2013.
ISNAD Kumar, Mukesh et al. “Algae Oil As Future Energy Source in Indian Perspective”. International Journal Of Renewable Energy Research 3/4 (December 2013), 913-921.
JAMA Kumar M, Sharma MP, Dwivedi G. Algae Oil as Future Energy Source in Indian Perspective. International Journal Of Renewable Energy Research. 2013;3:913–921.
MLA Kumar, Mukesh et al. “Algae Oil As Future Energy Source in Indian Perspective”. International Journal Of Renewable Energy Research, vol. 3, no. 4, 2013, pp. 913-21.
Vancouver Kumar M, Sharma MP, Dwivedi G. Algae Oil as Future Energy Source in Indian Perspective. International Journal Of Renewable Energy Research. 2013;3(4):913-21.