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Effect of Thickness on the Film Properties of Spray Deposited Copper Indium Sulfide Thin Films by Ultrasonic Impact Nozzle

Year 2012, Volume: 2 Issue: 3, 491 - 496, 01.09.2012

Abstract

In this study, copper-indium-sulfide (CuInS2) thin films were deposited on soda lime glass substrates using ultrasonic spray pyrolysis (USP) technique from the aqueous solution of Copper(II)chloride-dehydrate (CuCl2), indium(III)chloride (InCl3) and thiourea (NH2CSNH2). To investigate the effect of film thickness, different solution amounts were sprayed. As expected, the thickness of the films increased with increasing the amount of solution used. It has been obtained that thickness of the CuInS2 absorber layer is critical for structural, morphological and optical properties. Crystal structure of the spray-deposited films was confirmed using X-ray Diffraction (XRD) analysis. The crystallite size of the films was ranging between 68 and 147 nm. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) study revealed that Cu concentration in the films increased by increasing the solution amount. Surface morphology of the films was investigated via scanning electron microscope (SEM). All sprayed films were defect free. Moreover, Cu rich-island formation was observed on the surface of CuInS2 films sprayed using solutions more than 20 ml. Optical band gap energy of the films decreased from 2.85 to 1.40 eV with increasing the solution amount. As a result, thin films deposited using 30 ml solution was superior to others in terms of structural and optical properties. Moreover, it is very important to mention here that the ultrasonic impact nozzle used in this study enabled using very little amount of solution (0.015 ml/mm2), which is approximately 10 times lower than solution reported previously. This promising result can be the key for large-area manufacturing of CuInS2 based solar cells.

References

  • Chopra K.L, Paulson P.D, and Dutta V, “Thin-Film Solar Cells: An Overview”, Prog. Photovolt: Res. Appl. 2004; :69-92 (DOI: 10.1002/pip.541).
  • Klenk R, Klaer J, Scheer R, Lux-Steiner M.C, Luck I, Meyer N, Rqhle U, “Solar cells based on CuInS2-an overview”, Thin Solid Films 480-481 (2005) 509- 514.
  • Siemer K, Klaer J, Luck I, Bruns J, Klenk R, Braunig D, “Efficient CuInS2 solar cells from a rapid thermal process (RTP)”, Solar Energy Materials & Solar Cells, 67 (2001) 166.
  • Zweibel K, “Thin film PV manufacturing: Materials costs and their optimization”, Solar Energy Materials & Solar Cells, 63 (2000) 375-386.
  • Ellmer K, Hinze J, Klaer J, “Copper indium disulfide solar cell absorbers prepared in a one-step process by reactive magnetron sputtering from copper and indium targets”, Thin Solid Films, 413 (2002) 92-97.
  • Gossla M, Metzner H, Mahnke H.E., “CuInS thin-films from co-evaporated precursors”, Thin Solid Films, 387 (2001) 77-79.
  • Bini S, Bindu K, Lakshmi M, Kartha C.S,Vijayakumar K.P, Kashiwaba Y, Abe T, “Preparation of CuInS2 thin films using CBD CuxS films” Renewable Energy 20 (2000) 405-413.
  • Agarwal M.K, Patel P.D, Chaki S.H, Lakshminarayana D, “Growth and properties of CuInS2 thin films”, Bulletin Materials Science, 21, (1998) 291-295.
  • John T.T, Mathew M, Kartha C.S,Vijayakumar K.P, Abe T, Kashiwaba Y, “CuInS2/In2S3 thin film solar cell using spray pyrolysis technique having 9.5% efficiency”, Solar Energy Materials & Solar Cells, 89 (2005) 27-36. Sebastian T, Gopinatha
  • Vijayakumara K.P, Abeb T, Kashiwaba Y, “Role of Substrate Temperature in Controlling Properties of Sprayed CuInS2 Absorbers”, Solar Energy, 83 (2009) M, Karthaa C.S,
  • Krunks M, Bijakina O, Varema T, Mikli V, Mellikov E, “Structural and optical properties of sprayed CuInS2 films”, Thin Solid Films, 338 (1999) 125-130.
  • Chamberlin R.R, and Skarman J. S, “Chemical Spray Deposition Process for Inorganic Films”, Journal of Electrochemcal Society, 113 (1966) 86-89.
  • Perednis D. and Gauckler L, “Thin Film Deposition Using Spray Pyrolysis”, Journal of Electroceramics, 14 (2005) 103-111.
  • Scheer R, Luck I, Sehnert H, Lewerenz H.J, ”Scavenging of excess Cu atoms in CulnS2 films by sulphur Annealing”, Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells, 41/42 (1996) 261-270. Sebastian T, Jayakrishnan
  • Vijayakumar K.P, “Characterization of Spray Pyrolysed CuInS2 Thin Films” The Open Surface Science Journal, 1 (2009) 1-6 R, Kartha C.S,
  • Khan M.A.M, Kumar S, Ahamed M, AlSalhi M.S, “Structural and electrical properties of spray deposited thin films of CuInS2 nanocrystals”, Materials Letters, 68 (2012) 497-500.
  • Tiwari, A.N, Pandya, D.K., Chopra, K.L., “Electrical and optical properties of single phase CuInS2 films prepared using spray pyrolysis”, Thin Solid Films (1985) 217-230.
Year 2012, Volume: 2 Issue: 3, 491 - 496, 01.09.2012

Abstract

References

  • Chopra K.L, Paulson P.D, and Dutta V, “Thin-Film Solar Cells: An Overview”, Prog. Photovolt: Res. Appl. 2004; :69-92 (DOI: 10.1002/pip.541).
  • Klenk R, Klaer J, Scheer R, Lux-Steiner M.C, Luck I, Meyer N, Rqhle U, “Solar cells based on CuInS2-an overview”, Thin Solid Films 480-481 (2005) 509- 514.
  • Siemer K, Klaer J, Luck I, Bruns J, Klenk R, Braunig D, “Efficient CuInS2 solar cells from a rapid thermal process (RTP)”, Solar Energy Materials & Solar Cells, 67 (2001) 166.
  • Zweibel K, “Thin film PV manufacturing: Materials costs and their optimization”, Solar Energy Materials & Solar Cells, 63 (2000) 375-386.
  • Ellmer K, Hinze J, Klaer J, “Copper indium disulfide solar cell absorbers prepared in a one-step process by reactive magnetron sputtering from copper and indium targets”, Thin Solid Films, 413 (2002) 92-97.
  • Gossla M, Metzner H, Mahnke H.E., “CuInS thin-films from co-evaporated precursors”, Thin Solid Films, 387 (2001) 77-79.
  • Bini S, Bindu K, Lakshmi M, Kartha C.S,Vijayakumar K.P, Kashiwaba Y, Abe T, “Preparation of CuInS2 thin films using CBD CuxS films” Renewable Energy 20 (2000) 405-413.
  • Agarwal M.K, Patel P.D, Chaki S.H, Lakshminarayana D, “Growth and properties of CuInS2 thin films”, Bulletin Materials Science, 21, (1998) 291-295.
  • John T.T, Mathew M, Kartha C.S,Vijayakumar K.P, Abe T, Kashiwaba Y, “CuInS2/In2S3 thin film solar cell using spray pyrolysis technique having 9.5% efficiency”, Solar Energy Materials & Solar Cells, 89 (2005) 27-36. Sebastian T, Gopinatha
  • Vijayakumara K.P, Abeb T, Kashiwaba Y, “Role of Substrate Temperature in Controlling Properties of Sprayed CuInS2 Absorbers”, Solar Energy, 83 (2009) M, Karthaa C.S,
  • Krunks M, Bijakina O, Varema T, Mikli V, Mellikov E, “Structural and optical properties of sprayed CuInS2 films”, Thin Solid Films, 338 (1999) 125-130.
  • Chamberlin R.R, and Skarman J. S, “Chemical Spray Deposition Process for Inorganic Films”, Journal of Electrochemcal Society, 113 (1966) 86-89.
  • Perednis D. and Gauckler L, “Thin Film Deposition Using Spray Pyrolysis”, Journal of Electroceramics, 14 (2005) 103-111.
  • Scheer R, Luck I, Sehnert H, Lewerenz H.J, ”Scavenging of excess Cu atoms in CulnS2 films by sulphur Annealing”, Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells, 41/42 (1996) 261-270. Sebastian T, Jayakrishnan
  • Vijayakumar K.P, “Characterization of Spray Pyrolysed CuInS2 Thin Films” The Open Surface Science Journal, 1 (2009) 1-6 R, Kartha C.S,
  • Khan M.A.M, Kumar S, Ahamed M, AlSalhi M.S, “Structural and electrical properties of spray deposited thin films of CuInS2 nanocrystals”, Materials Letters, 68 (2012) 497-500.
  • Tiwari, A.N, Pandya, D.K., Chopra, K.L., “Electrical and optical properties of single phase CuInS2 films prepared using spray pyrolysis”, Thin Solid Films (1985) 217-230.
There are 17 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Nurdan Demirci Sankir This is me

Erkan Aydin This is me

Hulya Unver This is me

Ezgi Uluer This is me

Publication Date September 1, 2012
Published in Issue Year 2012 Volume: 2 Issue: 3

Cite

APA Sankir, N. D., Aydin, E., Unver, H., Uluer, E. (2012). Effect of Thickness on the Film Properties of Spray Deposited Copper Indium Sulfide Thin Films by Ultrasonic Impact Nozzle. International Journal Of Renewable Energy Research, 2(3), 491-496.
AMA Sankir ND, Aydin E, Unver H, Uluer E. Effect of Thickness on the Film Properties of Spray Deposited Copper Indium Sulfide Thin Films by Ultrasonic Impact Nozzle. International Journal Of Renewable Energy Research. September 2012;2(3):491-496.
Chicago Sankir, Nurdan Demirci, Erkan Aydin, Hulya Unver, and Ezgi Uluer. “Effect of Thickness on the Film Properties of Spray Deposited Copper Indium Sulfide Thin Films by Ultrasonic Impact Nozzle”. International Journal Of Renewable Energy Research 2, no. 3 (September 2012): 491-96.
EndNote Sankir ND, Aydin E, Unver H, Uluer E (September 1, 2012) Effect of Thickness on the Film Properties of Spray Deposited Copper Indium Sulfide Thin Films by Ultrasonic Impact Nozzle. International Journal Of Renewable Energy Research 2 3 491–496.
IEEE N. D. Sankir, E. Aydin, H. Unver, and E. Uluer, “Effect of Thickness on the Film Properties of Spray Deposited Copper Indium Sulfide Thin Films by Ultrasonic Impact Nozzle”, International Journal Of Renewable Energy Research, vol. 2, no. 3, pp. 491–496, 2012.
ISNAD Sankir, Nurdan Demirci et al. “Effect of Thickness on the Film Properties of Spray Deposited Copper Indium Sulfide Thin Films by Ultrasonic Impact Nozzle”. International Journal Of Renewable Energy Research 2/3 (September 2012), 491-496.
JAMA Sankir ND, Aydin E, Unver H, Uluer E. Effect of Thickness on the Film Properties of Spray Deposited Copper Indium Sulfide Thin Films by Ultrasonic Impact Nozzle. International Journal Of Renewable Energy Research. 2012;2:491–496.
MLA Sankir, Nurdan Demirci et al. “Effect of Thickness on the Film Properties of Spray Deposited Copper Indium Sulfide Thin Films by Ultrasonic Impact Nozzle”. International Journal Of Renewable Energy Research, vol. 2, no. 3, 2012, pp. 491-6.
Vancouver Sankir ND, Aydin E, Unver H, Uluer E. Effect of Thickness on the Film Properties of Spray Deposited Copper Indium Sulfide Thin Films by Ultrasonic Impact Nozzle. International Journal Of Renewable Energy Research. 2012;2(3):491-6.