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Analysis of a Drive System in a Fuel Cell and Battery powered Electric Vehicle

Year 2011, Volume: 1 Issue: 3, 140 - 151, 01.09.2011

Abstract

In this paper the design and the operation of the drive system in a Fuel Cell Electric Vehicle (FCEV) is presented. The system consists of a Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell (PEMFC) stack, an interleaved boost converter, battery pack connected via a bidirectional buck-boost converter and a brushless DC motor (BLDC) driven by a three phase inverter. A basic analysis of each component of the investigated system is presented. The main objective of this paper is to manage the energy transfer from the PEMFC stack to the DC bus based on wide high efficiency range. A battery pack is used for reducing the size of the stack and thus the cost, with by which regenerative braking is also achieved. In order to testify the nonlinear V-I characteristic curve of the PEMFC system experiments have been carried out. The performance of the overall system in steady state is studied via simulation in MATLAB/SIMULINK software. Two operating scenarios have been investigated. In the first, PEMFC stack and battery pack provide maximum power to the BLDC motor, while in the second, regenerative braking is accomplished via the bidirectional buck-boost converter to the battery pack by changing the control logic of the three phase inverter. Experiments have been carried out to validate the performance of the system at full load at steady state.

References

  • Emadi, A.; Young Joo Lee; Rajashekara, K., “Power Electronics and Motor Drives in Electric, Hybrid Electric, and Plug-In Hybrid Electric Vehicles”, 2008, IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, Volume 55, Issue 6, pp 2237 - 2245. [2] Tsotoulidis, S.; Mitronikas, E.; Safacas,
  • A., “Comparative study of three types of step – up DC - DC converters for polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell applications”, International Symposium on Power Electronics Electrical Drives Automation and Motion (SPEEDAM), Pisa – Italy 14 – 16 June 2010, Conference Proceedings.
  • P. Thounthong, S. Rael, B. Davat, “Control Algorithm of Fuel Cell and Batteries for Distributed Generation System”, IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion, Volume: 23, Issue: 1, March 2008, pp. 148 – 155.
  • Thounthong, P.; Pierfederici, S.; Davat, B., ”Analysis of Differential Flatness-Based Control for a Fuel Cell Hybrid Power Source”, 2010, IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion, Volume 25, Issue 3, pp 909 - 920.
  • Ying Wu, Hongwei Gao, “Optimization of Fuel Cell and Supercapacitor for Fuel-Cell Electric Vehicles”, IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, Volume: 55, Issue: 6, Nov 2006, pp. 1748 – 1755.
  • P. Garcia, L.M. Fernandez, C.A. Garcia, F. Jurado, “Energy Management System of Fuel-Cell-Battery Hybrid Tramway”, IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, Volume: 57, Issue: 12, Dec. 2010, pp. 4013 – 4023.
  • Lee, J.M.; Cho, B.H., “Power system structure and control strategy for Fuel Cell Hybrid Vehicle”, 2008, Power Electronics Specialists Conference, PESC 2008, 15 – 19 June, Rhodes – Greece, Conference Proceedings. [8] Weiping Xiao, Yunzhi Cheng, Wei-Jen Lee, V. Chen, S. Charoensri, “Hydrogen Filling Station Design for Fuel Cell Vehicles”, IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, Volume: 47, Issue: 1, Jan.-Feb 2011 , pp. 245 – 251.
  • Caisheng Wang; Nehrir, M.H.; Shaw, S.R., “Dynamic models and model validation for PEM fuel cells using electrical circuits”, IEEE Transaction on Energy Conversion, Volume 20, Issue 2, June 2005, pp. 442 – 451. [10] Ballard, "Nexa™ Power Module
  • User's Manual",2003. [11]
  • M. Al Sakka, J. Van Mierlo, H. Gualous, P. Lataire, “Comparison of 30KW DC/DC converter topologies interfaces for fuel cell in hybrid electric vehicle”, 13th European Conference on Power Electronics and Applications, EPE '09, 8-10 Sept. 2009, Barcelona – Spain, pp. 1 – 10. [12]
  • Junhong Zhang, Lai Jih-Sheng, Kim Rae-Young, Wensong Yu, “High-Power Density Design of a Soft- Switching High-Power Bidirectional DC-DC Converter”, IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, ISSN 0885- 8993, vol. 22, no.4, 2007, 1145-1153. [13]
  • H. Plesko, J. Biela, J. Luomi, J.W. Kolar, “Novel Concepts for Integrating the Electric Drive and Auxiliary DC–DC Converter for Hybrid Vehicles”, IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, ISSN 0885-8993, vol. 23, issue 6, 2008, 3025-3034. [14]
  • A.S. Samosir, A.H.M. Yatim, “Implementation of Dynamic Evolution Control of Bidirectional DC–DC Converter for Interfacing Ultracapacitor Energy Storage to Fuel-Cell System”, IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, Volume: 57, Issue: 10, Oct. 2010, pp. 3468 – 3473. [15]
  • Peter Moreton, “Industrial Brushless Servomotors”, Newnes, 2000. [16]
  • Tsotoulidis, S.; Mitronikas, E.; Safacas, A., “Design of a wavelet multiresolution controller for a fuel cell powered motor drive system”, XIX International Conference on Electrical Machines (ICEM), Rome – Italy 6 – 8 September 2010, Conference Proceedings. [17]
  • Transmotec, “Brushless DC MOTORS, General Catalogue”, www.transmotec.com, 13/02/2010. [18]
  • LEESON, “DC MOTORS”, http://www.leeson.com, 13/06/2011.
Year 2011, Volume: 1 Issue: 3, 140 - 151, 01.09.2011

Abstract

References

  • Emadi, A.; Young Joo Lee; Rajashekara, K., “Power Electronics and Motor Drives in Electric, Hybrid Electric, and Plug-In Hybrid Electric Vehicles”, 2008, IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, Volume 55, Issue 6, pp 2237 - 2245. [2] Tsotoulidis, S.; Mitronikas, E.; Safacas,
  • A., “Comparative study of three types of step – up DC - DC converters for polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell applications”, International Symposium on Power Electronics Electrical Drives Automation and Motion (SPEEDAM), Pisa – Italy 14 – 16 June 2010, Conference Proceedings.
  • P. Thounthong, S. Rael, B. Davat, “Control Algorithm of Fuel Cell and Batteries for Distributed Generation System”, IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion, Volume: 23, Issue: 1, March 2008, pp. 148 – 155.
  • Thounthong, P.; Pierfederici, S.; Davat, B., ”Analysis of Differential Flatness-Based Control for a Fuel Cell Hybrid Power Source”, 2010, IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion, Volume 25, Issue 3, pp 909 - 920.
  • Ying Wu, Hongwei Gao, “Optimization of Fuel Cell and Supercapacitor for Fuel-Cell Electric Vehicles”, IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, Volume: 55, Issue: 6, Nov 2006, pp. 1748 – 1755.
  • P. Garcia, L.M. Fernandez, C.A. Garcia, F. Jurado, “Energy Management System of Fuel-Cell-Battery Hybrid Tramway”, IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, Volume: 57, Issue: 12, Dec. 2010, pp. 4013 – 4023.
  • Lee, J.M.; Cho, B.H., “Power system structure and control strategy for Fuel Cell Hybrid Vehicle”, 2008, Power Electronics Specialists Conference, PESC 2008, 15 – 19 June, Rhodes – Greece, Conference Proceedings. [8] Weiping Xiao, Yunzhi Cheng, Wei-Jen Lee, V. Chen, S. Charoensri, “Hydrogen Filling Station Design for Fuel Cell Vehicles”, IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, Volume: 47, Issue: 1, Jan.-Feb 2011 , pp. 245 – 251.
  • Caisheng Wang; Nehrir, M.H.; Shaw, S.R., “Dynamic models and model validation for PEM fuel cells using electrical circuits”, IEEE Transaction on Energy Conversion, Volume 20, Issue 2, June 2005, pp. 442 – 451. [10] Ballard, "Nexa™ Power Module
  • User's Manual",2003. [11]
  • M. Al Sakka, J. Van Mierlo, H. Gualous, P. Lataire, “Comparison of 30KW DC/DC converter topologies interfaces for fuel cell in hybrid electric vehicle”, 13th European Conference on Power Electronics and Applications, EPE '09, 8-10 Sept. 2009, Barcelona – Spain, pp. 1 – 10. [12]
  • Junhong Zhang, Lai Jih-Sheng, Kim Rae-Young, Wensong Yu, “High-Power Density Design of a Soft- Switching High-Power Bidirectional DC-DC Converter”, IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, ISSN 0885- 8993, vol. 22, no.4, 2007, 1145-1153. [13]
  • H. Plesko, J. Biela, J. Luomi, J.W. Kolar, “Novel Concepts for Integrating the Electric Drive and Auxiliary DC–DC Converter for Hybrid Vehicles”, IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, ISSN 0885-8993, vol. 23, issue 6, 2008, 3025-3034. [14]
  • A.S. Samosir, A.H.M. Yatim, “Implementation of Dynamic Evolution Control of Bidirectional DC–DC Converter for Interfacing Ultracapacitor Energy Storage to Fuel-Cell System”, IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, Volume: 57, Issue: 10, Oct. 2010, pp. 3468 – 3473. [15]
  • Peter Moreton, “Industrial Brushless Servomotors”, Newnes, 2000. [16]
  • Tsotoulidis, S.; Mitronikas, E.; Safacas, A., “Design of a wavelet multiresolution controller for a fuel cell powered motor drive system”, XIX International Conference on Electrical Machines (ICEM), Rome – Italy 6 – 8 September 2010, Conference Proceedings. [17]
  • Transmotec, “Brushless DC MOTORS, General Catalogue”, www.transmotec.com, 13/02/2010. [18]
  • LEESON, “DC MOTORS”, http://www.leeson.com, 13/06/2011.
There are 17 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Savvas N Tsotoulidis This is me

Athanasios Nikolaos Safacas This is me

Publication Date September 1, 2011
Published in Issue Year 2011 Volume: 1 Issue: 3

Cite

APA Tsotoulidis, S. N., & Safacas, A. N. (2011). Analysis of a Drive System in a Fuel Cell and Battery powered Electric Vehicle. International Journal Of Renewable Energy Research, 1(3), 140-151.
AMA Tsotoulidis SN, Safacas AN. Analysis of a Drive System in a Fuel Cell and Battery powered Electric Vehicle. International Journal Of Renewable Energy Research. September 2011;1(3):140-151.
Chicago Tsotoulidis, Savvas N, and Athanasios Nikolaos Safacas. “Analysis of a Drive System in a Fuel Cell and Battery Powered Electric Vehicle”. International Journal Of Renewable Energy Research 1, no. 3 (September 2011): 140-51.
EndNote Tsotoulidis SN, Safacas AN (September 1, 2011) Analysis of a Drive System in a Fuel Cell and Battery powered Electric Vehicle. International Journal Of Renewable Energy Research 1 3 140–151.
IEEE S. N. Tsotoulidis and A. N. Safacas, “Analysis of a Drive System in a Fuel Cell and Battery powered Electric Vehicle”, International Journal Of Renewable Energy Research, vol. 1, no. 3, pp. 140–151, 2011.
ISNAD Tsotoulidis, Savvas N - Safacas, Athanasios Nikolaos. “Analysis of a Drive System in a Fuel Cell and Battery Powered Electric Vehicle”. International Journal Of Renewable Energy Research 1/3 (September 2011), 140-151.
JAMA Tsotoulidis SN, Safacas AN. Analysis of a Drive System in a Fuel Cell and Battery powered Electric Vehicle. International Journal Of Renewable Energy Research. 2011;1:140–151.
MLA Tsotoulidis, Savvas N and Athanasios Nikolaos Safacas. “Analysis of a Drive System in a Fuel Cell and Battery Powered Electric Vehicle”. International Journal Of Renewable Energy Research, vol. 1, no. 3, 2011, pp. 140-51.
Vancouver Tsotoulidis SN, Safacas AN. Analysis of a Drive System in a Fuel Cell and Battery powered Electric Vehicle. International Journal Of Renewable Energy Research. 2011;1(3):140-51.